Tài liệu ôn thi TNPT môn Anh 12

Nội dung text: Tài liệu ôn thi TNPT môn Anh 12

1. 16. Johnny used to be one of the most ___ athletes in my country. a. succeed b. success c. successful d. successfully 17. The success of the 22nd SEA Games had a great contribution of many ___ volunteers. a. support b. supporter c. supportive d. supportively 18. He was so ___ that he could not even say a word. a. nerve b. nerves c. nervous d. nervously 19. I am really ___ in the way he talks, but the way he behaves. a. interest b. interested c. interesting d. interestingly 20. Thanks to labor-saving devices, women have more time to take part in ___ activities. a. society b. social c. socially d. socialize BÀI 13. SỰ KẾT HỢP TỪ (COLLOCATIONS). SỰ KẾT HỢP TỪ VỚI CÁC ĐỘNG TỪ THÔNG DỤNG  DO (= accomplish, carry out - hoàn thành, thực hiện một công việc) làm một nhiệm vụ được do an assignment: giao do business (with): kinh doanh do one‘s best: cố gắng hết sức do a crossword: chơi ô chữ do damage: gây thiệt hại do a course: theo một khóa học do history/ economics: học lịch sử/ kinh tế học do an experiment: làm thí nghiệm do good: bổ ích do harm: gây hại do a job: làm một công việc do one‘s duty: làm nghĩa vụ do one‘s hair: làm tóc do one‘s homework: làm bài tập về nhà do research: nghiên cứu do someone a favour: làm giúp ai điều gì do the shopping: mua sắm do wonders/ miracles: mang lại kết quả kì diệu do without: làm mà không có cái gì do wrong: làm sai  MAKE (= produce, manufacture - làm ra, chế tạo ra) make an appointment: thu xếp một cuộc hẹn make an attempt: cố gắng, nỗ lực make an announcement: thông báo make the bed: dọn giường make a cake: làm bánh make changes: thay đổi make a choice: chọn lựa make a comment: nhận xét make a complaint: phàn nàn, than phiền make a comparison: so sánh make a contribution: đóng góp vào make a decision: quyết định make a difference: tạo sự khác biệt make a distinction: tạo sự khác biệt/ tương phản make an effort: nỗ lực make an excuse: viện cớ make a law: thông qua đạo luật make a mistake: mắc sai lầm make money: kiếm tiền 28
2. make progress: tiến bộ make a plan: vạch kế hoạch make a phone call: gọi điện thoại make preparation for: chuẩn bị cho make a profit: thu lợi nhuận make a promise: hứa hẹn make a speech: đọc bài diễn văn make noise: làm ồn make a start: khởi hành make a suggestion: đề nghị make a will: làm di chúc make up one‘s mind: quyết định make use of: sử dụng  TAKE take sb/sth for granted: xem ai/ cái gì là tất nhiên take place: xảy ra take part in: tham gia vào take effect: có hiệu lực take advantage of sth: tận dụng cái gì take notice of sth: chú ý đến cái gì take responsibility for sth: chịu trách nhiệm về cái gì take interest in: quan tâm đến take offence: thất vọng, phật ý take power/ office: nhậm chức take a pity on sb: thông cảm cho ai take a view/ attitude: có quan điểm/ thái độ take sth as a compliment: xem cái gì như lời khen tặng take sth as an insult: xem cái gì như lời sỉ nhục  HAVE have difficulty (in) doing sth: gặp khó khăn khi làm cái gì have a problem: có vấn đề, gặp khó khăn have a go/ a try: thử  PAY pay attention to: chú ý đến pay a compliment: khen pay a visit to sb: đến thăm ai pay tribute to: bày tỏ lòng kính trọng SỰ KẾT HỢP TỪ VỚI CÁC DANH TỪ THÔNG DỤNG Danh từ Cụm từ kết hợp - follow/ take/ listen to/ act on sb ‘s advice (nghe theo lời khuyên của advice ai) - get/ obtain/ receive advice (nhận lời khuyên) - pay/ settle/pick up a bill (trả một hóa đơn) bill - be landed with/face a bill (chịu một hóa đơn) - an unpaid bill (một hóa đơn chưa thanh toán) - at the height/ peak of one 's career (ở đỉnh cao sự nghiệp) - embark on a career (dấn thân vào một nghề) career - have a career in (có sự nghiệp trong lĩnh vực) - climb the career ladder (thăng tiến nghề nghiệp) - wreck/ruin one‘s career (hủy hoại sự nghiệp của mình) 29
3. - a promising/ brilliant career (sự nghiệp đầy hứa hẹn) - get/ have a chance (có cơ hội) - give/ offer/provide a chance (tạo cơ hội) - jump at/seize/grab a chance (nắm lấy cơ hội) chance - not stand a chance of doing sth (không có khả năng làm gì) - sheer/pure chance (sự tình cờ hoàn toàn) - good/fair/ high/ strong chance (khả năng cao) - minimal/ slight/ little chance (khả năng mong manh) - meet/ satisfy/ cope with a demand (đáp ứng/ thoả mãn nhu cầu) - increase/ boost/ stimulate demand (tăng nhu cầu) demand - big/ huge/ great/ considerable/ enormous/ strong demand (nhu cầu lớn/ cao) - make a difference (tạo/ mang lại sự khác biệt) - make all the difference (thay đổi lớn) - tell the difference (phân biệt) - feel/ know/ notice/ see/ perceive the difference (cảm nhận, nhận difference thức sự khác biệt) - considerable/enormous/major/profound/dramatic/sharp difference (sự khác biệt đáng kể, rõ rệt) - with a difference (đặc biệt khác thường) - have/ experience/ encounter/ face/ get into/ run into difficulties (gặp khó khăn) - do sth with/ without difficulty (làm gì một cách khó khăn/ dễ dàng) Difficulty - solve/ cope with/ deal with difficulties (giải quyết khó khăn) - overcome/surmount difficulties (vượt qua khó khăn) - great/ enormous/ considerable/ serious difficulty (khó khăn lớn, nghiêm trọng) - find/ locate/ identify/discover fault (tìm lỗi) - correct/ fix/ repair/ rectify a fault (sửa chữa một lỗi) fault - be all/ entirely one‘s own fault (hoàn toàn do lỗi của ai) - be hardly one‘s own fault (hầu như không phải lỗi của ai) - aí fault (chịu trách nhiệm về một sai lầm) - do sb a favour (làm giúp ai điều gì) - ask a favour (hỏi xin một ân huệ) - owe sb a favour (mang ơn ai) favour - return a favour (đáp lại một ân huệ) - find/ gain/ win favour (có được sự ủng hộ) - enjoy/ have/ stand in favour (được sự ủng hộ) - in favour of sth (ủng hộ, tán thành cái gì) - be in/have the habit of (có thói quen) - form/ get into/ fall into/ make/ develop/ acquire a habit (hình thành, tạo thành một thói quen) habit - change a habit (thay đổi một thói quen) - break/ give up/ get out of a habit (bỏ một thói quen) - by habit (do thói quen) - out of habit (vì thói quen) - adopt/ take/ implement/ impose/ introduce a measure (thực hiện/ áp dụng một giải pháp) measure - appropriate/ effective/ necessary/ practical measure (giải pháp thích hợp/ hiệu quả/ cần thiết/ thực tế) - shorí-íerm/ temporary measure (giải pháp tạm thời) - follow/ take up an occupation (theo một nghề) occupation - choose an occupation (chọn một nghề) - give up one‘s occupation (bỏ nghề) 30
4. - have/find/get an opportunity (có/ tìm đƣợc một cơ hội) - have ample/ considerable/ plenty of opportunity (có nhiều cơ hội) opportunity - have limited/ little/ not much opportunity (có ít cơ hội) - a good/ great/ wonderful/ golden opportunity (cơ hội tốt, cơ hội tuyệt vời, cơ hội vàng) - encounter/ be faced with/ confront/ be confronted with a problem (gặp phải một vấn đề) problem - solve/ deal with/ clear up/ overcome a problem (giải quyết/ vượt qua một vấn đề) - big/great/ serious/ acute problem (vấn đề lớn/ nghiêm trọng) - gain/ grow/ enjoy popularity (ngày càng được ưa thích) - at the peak of sb‘ s/ sth ‘s popularity (ở đinh cao của sự nổi tiếng) popularity - an increase/ a rise in popularity (sự ưa chuộng gia tăng) - a decline/ drop in popularity (sự giảm/ ít nổi tiếng) - have/enjoy a close/good relationship (có mối liên hệ gần gũi/ tốt) - build (up)/ develop/ establish/ foster a relationship (xây dựng/ thiết relationship lập mối quan hệ) - improve/strengthen a relationship (cải thiện/ củng cố mối quan hệ) - set a Standard (đưa ra, lập ra một tiêu chuấn) - meet/ achieve/ conform to/ comply with standards (đáp ứng/ đảm bảo standard tiêu chuẩn) - raise/ improve standards (nâng cao/ cải thiện chất lượng) - bring up a subject (đưa ra một đề tài) - cover/ discuss/ talk about/ touch a subject (đề cập/ thảo luận một đề subject tài) - drop a subject (thôi nói về một đề tài) - get off a subject (chán nói về một đề tài) - spend time doing sth (dành thời gian làm gì) - take sb time to do sth (mất thời gian làm gì) time - find/ make time to do sth (có thời gian làm gì) - kill/pass time (giết thời gian) - time + pass/go by/ elapse (thời gian trôi qua) - hold a title (giữ một danh hiệu) - defend/ retain a title (bảo vệ/ duy trì danh hiệu) title - lose a title (mất danh hiệu) - award/ bestow/ confer a title (ban một danh hiệu) - under a/ the title (với tựa đề) - bring/cause/give sb double (gây phiền toái) - take the trouble to do sth (nhọc công làm gì) trouble - have trouble with sth (gặp rắc rối với cái gì) - run into/gel into trouble (gặp rắc rối) THÀNH NGỮ (Idioms)  Một số thành ngữ thông dụng Section 1: - take someone/something for granted: cho là điều dĩ nhiên - take something into account/consideration: tính đến cái gì, kể đến cái gì - take it easy: không làm việc quá căng thắng - keep an eye on someone/something: để mắt đến - lose touch with someone: mất liên lạc - pay attention to someone/something: chú ý đến - catch sight of someone/something: nhìn thấy (trong chốc lát) - at someone's disposal: có sẵn cho ai sử dụng theo ý muốn - splitting headache: nhức đầu như búa bổ - beat about the bush: nói vòng vo tam quốc - off the peg: (quần áo) may sẵn 31
5. - on the house: không phải trả tiền - on the shelf: (đồ vật) xếp xó, bỏ đi, không còn có ích nữa - hit the roof: giận dữ - make someone‘s blood boil: làm cho ai giận điên lên - bring down the house: làm cho cả rạp hát vỗ tay nhiệt liệt - pay through the nose: trả giá mac - by the skin of one's teeth: sát sao - pull someone‘s leg: trêu chọc ai Section 2: - get butterflies in one‘s stomach: cảm thấy bồn chồn - sell like hot cakes: bán đắt như tôm tươi - shooting star: sao băng - sow one‘s wild oats: trải qua thời kì theo đuổi những thú vui bừa bãi - close shaves: những lần thoát hiểm trong gang tấc - have a bee in one‘s bonnet about something: hay chú trọng, đặt nặng vấn đề gì - blow one‘s own trumpet: huênh hoang - fight tooth and nail: chỉến đấu ác liệt, đánh nhau ác liệt - head over heels: lăn lông lốc, hòan tòan - smell a rat: nghi ngờ có âm mƣu, nghi ngờ có sự dối trá - know something like the back of one's hand: biết rõ điều gì - the last straw: giọt nước tràn ly - fly off the handle: mất bình tĩnh, thình lình nổi nóng Section 3: - drop someone a line: viết thư cho ai - have/get cold feet: sợ hãi - beside the point: không thích hợp - for the time being: trong lúc này - off the record: không được ghi, không chính thức - piece of cake: việc dễ làm - chip off the old block: người có tính cách giống bố - one‘s cup of tea: người hoặc vật mình ƣa thích - get something on one's mind: đang bận tâm điều gì - down at heel: tàn tạ xơ xác - make money hand over fist: vớ được lợi lộc béo bở - in/ out of practice: có/ không có thời gian luyện tập - burn the candle at both ends: làm việc hết sức,không biết giữ sức - play with fire: chơi với lửa - go to town (on something): làm cái gì rất hăng hái (nhất là bằng cách chỉ tiền) - have something on the tip of one‘s tongue: sắp nhớ ra, sắp nói ra Section 4: - put one‘s feet in ií: làm phiền ai - kill two birds with one stone: một công đôi việc, nhất cử lƣỡng tiện - hit the nail on the head: nói chính xác - put two and two together: cứ thế mà suy ra - keep one‘s fingers crossed for someone: cầu mong điều tốt đẹp cho ai - it‘s no use/good crying over spilt milk: kêu ca cũng bằng thừa - by a hair‘s breath: trong đƣờng tơ kẽ tóc - have a narrow/hairbreadth escape: suýt nữa thì bị tóm, may mà thoát được hình phạt - a sight for sore eyes: cảnh tƣợng dễ chịu - keep one‘s chin up: giữ vững can đảm - come out of one's shell: trở nên dạn dĩ, cởi mở - catch someone on the hop: đến một cách bất ngờ - on the spot: lập tức, tại chỗ - (like) water off a duck‘s back: nƣớc đổ đầu vịt (không có tác dụng đối với ai) - fight windmills: đánh nhau với kẻ địch tƣởng tƣợng - spitting image: có mặt giống nhƣ khuôn đúc Section 5: 32
6. - money for old rope: cách làm ra tiền một cách dễ dàng - old wives‘ tale: chuyện mê tín huyễn hoặc - long shot: biện pháp xa vời, ít có cơ may thành công - fly in the ointment: mắc míu nhỏ - crying shame: sự xấu hổ - wet blanket: ngƣời làm cho tập thể cụt hứng (vì bản thân ủ rũ buồn rầu) - in every nook and cranny: trong mọi ngóc ngách - general dogsbody: ngƣời gánh công việc cho ngƣời khác - a soft spot for someone/something: thích ai/ cái gì - a last/final fling: trò đùa, ăn chơi cuối cùng  Một số thành ngữ thông dụng về so sánh Section 6: - as strong as a horse/an ox: khỏe nhƣ voi - as thin as a rake: gầy đét - as tough as old boots (nhất là về thịt): rất dai, khó nhai - as white as a sheet: trắng bệch, xanh nhƣ tàu lá (do sợ hãi, chóang váng) - as cool as a cucumber: bình tĩnh, không hề nao núng - as deaf as a post: điếc đặc - as different as chalk and/from cheese: hoàn toàn khác nhau - fit as a fiddle: khỏe nhƣ vâm, rất sung sức - like a lamb: hiền lành - as good as gold: có đạo đức rất tốt, rất có giáo dục Section 7: - as light as air/a feather: rất nhẹ - as old as the hills: rất cũ, cố xƣa - as plain as the nose on one‘s face: rõ nhƣ ban ngày - as flat as a pancake: đét nhƣ cá mắm - with knobs on (dùng để đáp lại một câu lăng mạ hoặc sự đồng ý dứt khoát): chẳng kém gì, được đấy - as pleased as Punch: rất hài lòng - as keen as mustard: hết sức hăng hái hoặc nhiệt tình - as clear as a bell: rành rọt, dễ nghe - as fresh as a daisy: tƣơi nhƣ hoa - as hard as nails: cứng rắn, tàn nhẫn - as large as life: đƣợc thấy xuất hiện bằng xƣơng bằng thịt (không thể nhầm lẫn) - as stubborn as a mule: cứng đầu cứng cổ, ƣơng bƣớng Section 8: - as sober as a judge: tỉnh táo không hề say rƣợu - (as) steady as a rock: vững nhƣ bàn thạch - as thick as thieves: rất ăn ý với nhau, rất thân - as red as a beetroot: đỏ nhƣ gấc - to sleep like a log: ngủ say như chết - to hold on like grim death: bám chặt không rời - to eat/work like a horse: ăn/ làm khỏe - to smoke like a chỉmney: hút thuốc lá cả ngày - to fit like a gỉove: vừa khít - to spread like wildfire: (tin đồn) lan rất nhanh - like a house on fire: rất nhanh, mạnh mẽ - as peas in a pod: giống nhau nhƣ hai giọt nƣớc - like a clockwork: đều đặn nhƣ một cái máy Exercise 1: Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to inducate the correct answer to each of the following questions. 1. If you don’t want your business to bankrupt, avoid consulting those willing to step out on a limb. A. come B. take C. go D. pay 2. Lawyers are naturally keen to have .with anyone who could provide him with incontrovertible evidences concerning the lawsuits they’re in charge. A. contact B. association C. connection D. communication 33
7. 3. In physic class, we are told that resistance wire can be found in an electrical such as a heater or an oven. A. device B. appliance C. utensil D. gadget 4. Entering the meeting half an hour late, he tried to an excuse, still the strict chairman of the board told him to leave the room. A. make B. do C. give D. have 5. It seems that they had had a row, as she had locked him out of the apartment all night long. A. freezing B. warming C. grieving D. blazing 6. In some cultures, the men make eye contact .women is strictly forbidden outside the immediate family. A. on B. to C. with D. for 7. The recent heavy rains have contributed to ease the water resulted from the severe prolonged drought. A. shortage B. lack C. adsence D. deprivation 8. Students in private school often receive more attention from their teachers; therefore, they have more chance to reach their full learning potential. A. personal B. individual C. distinctive D. unique 9. That manufacturer is worldly-known for selecting only ingredients that meet their very strict of quality and renewability. A. demands B. necessities C. criterions D. requirements 10. Despite the development of e-books and online reading materials, printed books are still regarded as a wonderful of entertainment. A. resource B. place C. source D. replacement 11. Some teachers have tendency to .preference to students with disadvantaged backgrounds such as poor and handicapped students. A. lend B. give C. deliver D. send 12. There was a time when human beings worried that all of the earth’s surface would be covered with lava were a giant meteor to hit the planet. A. thickly B. fully C. densely D. totally 13. As estimated in the report, the storm great damage to not only the coastal cities but the mountainous area as well. A. make B. cause C. lead D. bring 14. The two business partners failed to agree .some points of the contract, so they arranged to meet up another day, after considering their own company’s interest. A. with B. at C. on D. for 15. Regardless of family background, we always think of each other true friends. A. as B. like C. same D. similar 16. If traipsing around shops does not .to you, perhaps using a catalogue will do. A. appear B. attract C. access D. appeal 17. The influence of the last 12 storm on the central region is so disruptive that the local authority had to spend months to surmount the consequence. A. power B. energy C. force D. velocit 18. He’s praised for possessing a distinctive .style which was plain and factual, without witticisms or flourishes. A. literature B. literal C. literary D. literally 19. She did agree to lend him some money; nevertheless, after being told that he was a blackleg, she .a second thought. A. transferred B. changed C. made D. gave 20. Had it not been for its cautiously prepared performance, the play could not have most of the audience to tears. A. moved B. given C. brought D. travelled 21. His mother encouraged him to take up some sports and do exercise regularly in order to stay in . A. shadow B. shape C. shield D. shell 22. The name of Barnard star derives .the name of Edward Emerson Barnard, the American astronomer who discovered it. A. after B. from C. towards D. of 34
8. 23. In the 19th century, a group of archeologist explored an ancient castle in West Austria and found lots of precious pottery utensils .50 meters. A. in the depth of B. at the deep of C. at the depth of D. in the deep of 24. Thanks to our continuous attempt, the year-end brochure will be .for publication in late November. A. ready B. willing C. capable D. agile 25. There are all kinds of giveaway which could be used .product samples. A. in point of B. in advance of C. in need of D. on place of Exercise 3: Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to inducate the correct answer to each of the following questions. 1. Now that you have spent all day typing the report, it’s time for you to .a rest. A. pay B. make C. take D. give 2. She is narrating the accident in great so that the police can find the Cuse of it. A. feature B. detail C. figure D. detachment 3. It was very kind of Peter to me a favor. Had it not been for his help, I would not have finished my cleaning. A. do B. have C. give D. bring 4. After several days persuading, eventually I .my parents’ permission to attend my boyfriend’s birthday party. A. had B. took C. give D. bring 5. To be honest, she shouldn’t have believed in the stories he told. He’s just a .talker. A. huge B. broad C. large D. big 6. So nerve-wracking seemed the news that everyone their breath to wait for it. A. keep B. hold C. put D. had 7. Despite their effort to boost the revenue of the company, they failed to the objective astablished 3 months ago. A. attain B. regain C. retain D. contain 8. The doctor advised her to a heart valves operation; otherwise, her health will get worse. A. take B. get C. have D. do 9. I’m on cloud nine because the lecturer me a compliment at class this morning. A. paid B. gave C. put D. gained 10. The last points he gave at the debate bear no to the overall topic, which enables the opponent team to win. A. relaionship B. relation C. relative D. related 11. Having a talented and successful brother, I’m often told to his example. A. adopt B. pursue C. shadow D. follow 12. By the time the campaign was held, the organization had a survey on what youngsters think of cohabitation. A. convey B. confirm C. conduct D. connect 13. smokers are more likely to go down with lung cancer than those who don’t have the habit of smoking. A. strong B. great C. big D. heavy 14. It’s high time she had to a decision whether to take the job offer or not. A. make B. come C. bring D. get 15. World war II definitely the growth of worldwide economy, contributing to poverty and death in participating. A. avoid B. curb C. evade D. recess 16. The government claim that every citizen in the country must the traffic rule in order to save their own life. A. comply B. obey C. adhere D. perform 17. A number of elephants are being killed for ivory across the country. A. large B. big C. broad D. ample 18. Eliud Kipchoge, an athlete from Kenya, is said to have the marathon record with the result of 02:01:39. A. cracked B. clotted C. broken D. divided 19. It was a ten-year-old students on his way home that was injured in the road accident this morning. 35
9. A. seriously B. perilously C. gravely D. harmfully 20. In celebration for my parents’ wedding anniversary, my father is going to call the restaurant to reserve a table of five. A. to B. for C. on D. with 21. Had her younger brother dressed warm enough last night, he wouldn’t have a cold this morning. A. grabbed B. reached C. caught D. attained 22. After several years hard of hearing, my grandmother deaf the age of eight-four. A. made B. took C. went D. bore 23. Even though moving away, the boy next door still tried to .with me via emails. A. keep in touch B. be in contact C. make a call D. have a connection 24. It took the police half a year to investigate the case and find the evidence enough to accused the murderer of his crime. A. heavy B. large C. hard D. strong 25. When I entered the room, Tom was sitting silently on the couch, in thought. A. broad B. deep C. profound D. sunk PHRASAL VERBS CÁC CỤM ĐỘNG TỪ (PHRASAL VERB) THƯỜNG GẶP 1. account for: giải thích, kể đến 2. ask for: đòi hỏi 3. break down = fail , collapse: hỏng, suy sụp 4. break out = start suddenly: bùng nổ, bùng phát 5. bring up = raise and educate: nuôi nấng 6. bring about = cause sth to happen: xảy ra, mang lại 7. catch up / catch up with: bắt kịp , theo kịp . 8. call off : hủy bỏ 9. call on = visit: viếng thăm 10. call up: gọi điện 11. carry on: tiến hành 12. carry out: thực hiện 13. catch up with: theo kịp với 14. come along: tiến hành 15. come on= begin: bắt đầu 16. come out = appear: xuất hiện 17. come about = become lower: giảm xuống, sa sút 18. come over = visit: ghé thăm 19. come up with: think of : Nghĩ ra; 20. come up = happen/ occur: xảy ra 21. cool off : (nhiệt tình) nguội lạnh đi, giảm đi, hạ hỏa 22. count on = investigate, examinate: tính, dựa vào, điều tra 23. differ from = not be the same: không giống với 24. fall behind: thụt lùi, tụt lại đằng sau, tụt hậu 25. fill in : điền vào, ghi vào 26. find out = discover: khám phá ra 27. get over = recover from: vượt qua, khắc phục 28. get up: thức dậy 29. get along / get on with sth: have a good relationship with sb: hòa thuận 30. give in: nhượng bộ, chịu thua . 31. give up = stop: từ bỏ , bỏ 32. go after: theo đuổi 33. go by (thời gian : trôi qua ) 34. go after = chase, pursue: theo đuổi, rượt đuổi 35. go ahead = be carried out: được diễn ra, tiến hành 36. go along = develop, progress: tiến bộ 37. go away: biến mất, tan đi . 36
10. 38. go back = return: trở lại 39. go in: vào, đi vào . 40. go off (chuông ): reo, (súng, bom ): nổ, (sữa): chua, hỏng, (thức ăn), (đèn) tắt, (máy móc): hỏng 41. go on = continue = keep: tiếp tục 42. go over: xem lại 43. go out (ánh sáng, lửa, đèn): tắt 44. go up: lớn lên, trưởng thành = grow up, (giá cả): tăng lên 45. go down: (giá cả): giảm xuống 46. hold up = stop =delay: hoãn lại, ngừng 47. hurry up: làm gấp 48. keep = continue = go on: tiếp tục 49. keep up with: theo kịp , bắt kịp . 50. lay down: đề ra 51. let down: khiến ai thất vọng 52. lie down: nằm nghỉ 53. jot down = note down, make a quick note of something: ghi nhanh 54. look after: chăm sóc , để ý, để mắt, trông chừng 55. look at: nhìn 56. look down on/upon sb = coi thường, khinh miệt 57. look up to sb = respect: kính trọng 58. look up: tìm , tra cứu ( trong sách , từ điển ) 59. look for = search for: tìm kiếm 60. make out = understand: hiểu 61. make up = invent , put sth together: phát minh, trộn 62. pass away = die: chết 63. put on: mặc (quần áo) , mang (giày) , đội (mũ) , mở (đèn) 64. put out = make sth stop burning , produce: dập tắt , sản xuất 65. put off = postpone : hoãn lại 66. put up = build : xây dựng 67. result in = lead to = cause: gây ra 68. speak up : nói to , nói thẳng 69. set off = begin : khỏi hành 70. set up = establish = found: thành lập 71. set out/ set off: khởi hành 72. stand by : ủng hộ 73. stand for: là viết tắt của 74. take after = resemble : giống 75. take out ( the garbage): đổ, vứt rác 76. take off : cởi (quần áo, giày, mũ ); (máy bay) cất cánh 77. take over = take responsible for st /V-ing:đảm nhận trách nhiệm 78. take up = start doing: bắt đầu tham gia 79. try out: thử = test kiểm tra 80. try on: mặc thử (quần áo) 81. turn down: gạt bỏ, bác bỏ 82. turn off : khóa , tắt (đèn, máy móc, động cơ ) 83. turn on : mở (đèn, máy móc, động cơ ) 84. turn round : quay lại, thay đổi hướng 85. turn up : đến = arrive = appear (xuất hiện) 86. wait up (for): thức đợi ai 87. wash away: cuốn trôi đi, quét sạch 88. wash up : rửa bát đĩa . 89. watch out : đề phòng, chú ý 90. wipe out = remove, destroy completely : xóa bỏ, phá hủy EXERCISES. 1. It is generally accepted that in today's society women have access ___ education and can promote themselves much more easily than years ago. a. to b. up c. on d. for 37
11. 2. It took women a long time to struggle ___ the right to vote. a. for b. with c. against d. upon 3. I think women are suited ___ many important things, besides childbearing and homemaking. a. of b. on c. for d. about 4. Women are increasingly involved ___ the public life. a. of b. in c. with d. from 5. If you have an old blanket, ___ it along so that we have something to sit on at the beach. a. bring b. go c. put d. keep 6. Although the team was both mentally and physically exhausted, they ___ on walking. a. stopped b. kept c. took d. put 7. Before the plane ___ off, the flight attendant told everyone to fasten their seat belts and put their chairs in an upright position. a. woke b. brought c. kept d. took 8. Don't forget to ___ your gloves on. It is cold outside. a. let b. make c. put d. fix 9. If you don't pay your rent, your landlord is going to kick you out! a. lend you some money b. play football with you c. give you a kick d. force you to leave 10. Yesterday I ran into Sam at the grocery store. I had not seen him for years. a. met b. visited c. said goodbye to d. made friends with 11. Let's go over that report again before we submit it. a. dictate b. print c. read carefully d. type 12. I will not stand for your bad attitude any longer. a. like b. tolerate c. mean d. care 13. Everything is ___ you. I cannot make ___ my mind yet. a. out off / up b. up to / up c. away from / for d. on for / off 14. There is no food left. Someone must have eaten it ___. a. out b. up c. off d. along 15. The explorers made a fire to ___ off wild animals. a. get b. keep c. take d. go 16. If something urgent has ___ up, phone me immediately and I will help you. a. picked b. come c. kept d. brought 17. Within their home country, National Red Cross and Red Crescent societies assume the duties and responsibilities of a national relief society. a. take on b. get off c. go about d. put in 18. She got ___ her car to pick ___ some wild flowers. a. from / on b. in / at c. off / up d. out / for 19. The customer had tried ___ some blouses but none of them suited her. a. at b. with c. in d. on 20. I would be grateful if you kept the news ___ yourself. Do not tell anyone about it. a. from b. to c. for d. at 21. I do not use those things any more. You can ___ them away. a. get b. fall c. throw d. make 38
12. 22. My husband spends far more time helping our three kids ___ homework and studying for tests than I do. a. on b. to c. with d. in 23. My husband and I take turns cleaning ___ the kitchen depending ___ who gets home from work earlier. a. away / to b. from / in c. up / on d. with / for 24. The efforts for the advancement of women have resulted ___ several respectively achievement in women's life and work. a. at b. with c. for d. in 25. The women's movement has affirmed women's rights to non-discrimination ___ education, employment and economic and social activities. a. in b. of c. from d. about 26. The small white flowers are my favorite. They give off a wonderful honey smell that scents the entire garden. a. release b. stop c. end d. melt 27. I couldn't make out what he had talked about because I was not used to his accent. a. stand b. understand c. write d. interrupt 28. I cannot believe Peter and Mary ___ up last week. They have been married for almost fifteen years. I hope they get back together. a. went b. gave c. looked d. broke 29. It took us over twelve hours to hike over the mountain. By the time we got back to our campsite, I was completely ___ out. a. worn b. went c. put d. knocked 30. If you don't have the telephone number now, you can ___ me up later and give it to me then. a. call b. stop c. give d. hold BÀI 14. CHỨC NĂNG GIAO TIẾP (COMMUNICATION SKILL) MẪU CÂU GIAO TIẾP COMMON SPOKEN ENGLISH I. Thank you . Nói lời cảm ơn Khi ai đó cảm ơn mình về 1 việc gì ta có các cách phúc đáp như sau: Lời cảm ơn Phúc đáp 1. “ Thank for the nice gift ” . Cảm ơn vì món quà đẹp. I’m glad you like it. 2. “Thank you very much for a lovely party.” Cảm ơn vì một buổi tiệc thật vui. You are well come. Chào mừng 3. “Thank you for your advice”.Cãm ơn lời khuyên của bạn. bạn. 4. “Thank you very much”. Cảm ơn nhiều (chung chung) It’s my pleasure. Đó là niềm vinh hạnh của tôi. Not at all/ Never mind . không có chi. II. Wish – Congratulation. Lời chúc mừng, chúc phúc. Khi ai đó chúc mừng mình về một việc gì ta có các cách chúc và phúc đáp như sau: 39
13. Lời chúc Lời phúc đáp 1. “Good luck on your exam tomorrow”. - Thanks. I need it. Cảm ơn tôi cần điều đó. Chúc bạn làm bài thi thật tốt . 2. Have a nice weekend. Chúc ngày cuối tuần vui - Thanks. Same to you/ You, too/ The same to vẻ. you! : . Cảm ơn , chúc bạn cũng vậy. 3.We wish you good luck Chúc may mắn . 4.Congratulations! Chúc mừng bạn. Thank you. 5."Happy Christmas!"Chúc mừng giáng sinh 6. Congratulations! Chúc mừng. 6.“I have just passed the examination” Tôi vừa vượt qua kì kiểm tra . III. Invitation. Lời mời. Khi muốn mời ai làm một việc gì ta có các cách mời và phúc đáp như sau: Lời mời Phúc đáp 1. Would you like ? : Bạn có muốn . Yes, please. Có , cảm ơn. 2. Do you feel like ? : bạn có thích . 3. I’d like to invite you That would be great. Thật tuyệt. Tôi muốn mời bạn Yes, I’d love to. Có tôi rất thích That would be wonderful. Điều đó thật tuyệt. Oh, that’s very kind of you. Oh, bạn thật tử tế. No, thanks. Không cảm ơn. IV. Suggestion.Lời đề nghị làm 1 việc gì. Khi ai đó đưa ra lời đề nghị mình cùng làm 1 việc gì , ta có các cách đề nghị và phúc đáp như sau: Lời đề nghị Phúc đáp 1. "What shall we do this evening?" Ta sẽ làm gì tối nay? Let’s go out for dinner. Hãy đi ra ngoài ăn tối 2. “ How about eating out?” Có đi ăn tối bên ngoài ko? Yes, I love to. Có tôi rất thích. 3. -“I suggest going to Ha Noi this summer” tôi đề nghi đi Hà nội mùa hè này. Good idea/ That’s a good idea. Đó là ý kiến hay. 4. Can I help you? Tôi có thể giúp gì cho bạn? Yes, please . Vâng , xin vui lòng . 5. Let’s go camping . Hãy đi cắm trại . Yes, let’s do that. Vâng hãy làm điều đó. V. Request: Lời yêu cầu/ nhờ vã Khi ai đó yêu cầu hoặc nhờ mình làm giúp 1 việc gì ta có các cách trả lời sau: Lời yêu cầu Phúc đáp 40
14. 1. “Would you mind lending me your bike?” Here it is . nè đây. Bạn làm ơn cho mình mượn chiếc xe hé? 2. “ Do you mind if I borrow your bike?” Not at all. Không có gì . Bạn không phiền nếu mình mượn chiếc xe chứ? Certainly. Tất nhiên rồi . 3. “Could you bring me some water?” Yes, I’ll do it now. Tôi sẽ làm ngay Bạn có thể cho mình 1 ít nước được không?” - Sure = Ok 4. Could you help me to V bạn có thể giúp tôi . * Sorry. I can’t Xin lỗi, tôi không thể. Khi ta không muốn thực hiện theo lời yêu cầu. VI. Compliment: Lời khen Khi ai đó khen mình có vật gì/ điều gì thật hay/ thật đẹp đẹp! Ta có các cách khen và trả lời sau : Lời khen Phúc đáp Ex:“You’ve got a beautiful dress ! ” 1 . I’m glad you like it. : tôi rất vui khi bạn thích nó. Bạn có chiếc váy thật đẹp. 2. Thank you : cản ơn. 3. Thank you for your compliment: cảm ơn vì lời nhận xét của bạn . 4. Many thanks/ Thank you . That is a nice compliment. Cảm ơn nhiều, đó là 1 lời khen hay. VII. Idea: Thề hiện ý kiến đồng thuận. Khi muốn bày tỏ sự đồng tình của mình về 1 việc gì với ai ta có các cách trả lời sau: Ý kiến Phúc đáp - I think 1. You can say that again. = You are right = that’s - In my opinion, . right! : đúng vậy. Ex: “She’s the best singer in the school.” 2. I couldn’t agree more. Tôi hoàn toàn đồng ý . Cô ta là ca sĩ hát hay nhất trong trường. 3. I quite agree with you. Ex2: “Women are more intelligent than 4. That’s agood idea. / Great. men” 5. I don’t think that’s a good idea. Tôi ko nghĩ ý đó hay. 6. That’s not true/ I’m afraid, I disagree. Tôi không đồng ý. VIII. Sorry . Lời xin lỗi Khi ai đó muốn thể hiện một lời xin lỗi về 1 việc gì ta có các cách trả lời sau: Ý kiến Phúc đáp 41
15. Ex: “Sorry. I’m late.” 1. No problem. Không có vần đề gì. 2. It’s Ok Không sao IX. Other Questions. Các câu hỏi khác . Câu hỏi Trả lời 1. Hỏi địa chỉ: It’t over there. ở đằng kia. - Could you tell me where is Vong The high school .? Turn left / turn right Qẹo trái/ phải . 2.Hỏi giờ: What time is it? What is the time? Do you have the time? It’s three fifteen/ It’s 3 o’clock. 3. Hỏi khoảng cách: How far is it from Vong The to Long Xuyen ? It’s about 50 km. 4. Hỏi phương tiện đi lại: - I got/ came there by + phương How did you get there/ here ? tiện. - I got/ came there on foot (đi bộ) . 5. Hỏi cảm nghĩ: It’s very boring/ interesting. a. What do you think about the film? Oh, It’s great. Nó thật tuyệt . b. Do you find/ think ___? No, not at all. Không hề . 6. Hỏi dự định/ kế hoạch: - What are you going to do this weekend? - I’m going to___. Tôi dự - What shall we do this weekend ? chúng ta sẽ làm gì ? định . - Let’s go camping. Hãy đi cắm trại 7. Hỏi : Bạn muốn đồ ăn/ thức uống nào? What would you like to drink/ eat? - Coffee, please. Would you like something to drink/ eat? Bạn ăn/ uống gì ? - No, Thanks. 8. Hỏi tuổi: How old are you ? 17 years old. 9. Hỏi sức khỏe: How are you ? I’m fine thanks. / Not bad. 10. Chào hỏi lần đầu gặp nhau : How do you do? I’m fine, thanks. 11. Hỏi về ngoại hình: What does she/ he look like? Cô ấy trông thế nào? He/ She is tall/ thin (cao/ thấp/ mập ) 12. Hỏi về quốc tịch: Where do you come from? I come from Viet Nam . 13. Hỏi nơi ở: Where do you live ? I live in Thoai Son. 1) CÁC MẪU ĐỀ NGHỊ NGƯỜI KHÁC GIÚP MÌNH: Đề nghị Trả lời đồng ý Trả lời không đồng ý - V0 , please. - Certainly - Of course - Sure I'm sorry. (I'm busy ) - No problem I'm afraid I can't/ couldn't - Can you / Could you + V0 - Would you please + V - What can I do for you? 0 - How can I help you? - Will you + V0. - I wonder if you'd/ could + V0. - Would / Do you mind V- - No I don't mind. - I'm sorry, I can't. - No, of course not. - Not at all. ing 2 ) CÁC MẪU MÌNH MUỐN GIÚP NGƯỜI KHÁC: Trả lời đồng ý Trả lời không đồng ý 42
16. -Shall I -Yes. Thank you No. Thank you -That's very kind of you. No, thank you. I can - Would you like me to Yes, please. manage. -Do you want me to Oh, would you really? No, there's no need. But - What can I do for you ? Thanks a lot. thanks all the same. - May I help you ? Well, that's very kind of - Do you need any help? you, but I think I can - Let me help you. manage, thanks. - Can I help you ? 3 ) CÁC MẪU XIN PHÉP NGƯỜI KHÁC: Trả lời đồng ý Trả lời không đồng ý - May I ? - Can I ? Could - Certainly - Of course I - Please do - Please go ahead - Yes, by all means -May I go out ? - I'd rather you didn't -Do you think I could - I'd prefer You didn't -No, I'm afraid you can't -I wonder if I could -I'm sorry, but you can't. -Is it all right if I - Would you mind if I + QKĐ - No, of course not. - Would you mind if I smoked ? - Not at all. - Do you mind if I + HTĐ. - Please do Do you mind if I smoke ? - Please go ahead 4) CÁC MẪU CÂU RỦ, GỢI Ý LÀM GÌ : Trả lời đồng ý Trả lời không đồng ý 1. Shall I / we (do)? 1. Yes, I think that's a good 2. Let's (do). idea. 3. Why don't I / we (do)? 2. That's 4. How about (doing)? probably the best option. 5. What about (doing)? 3. Sure, why not? 6. I think we should (do). No, let's not. 4. Yes, 7. I suggest that we (do). definitely. 8. It might be a good idea if we / you (do). 5. By all means. 9. I think the best way of dealing with this situation 6. Good idea would be to (do). 10. If you ask me, I think we / you should/ could V (do). 5 ) CÁC MẪU CÂU CÁM ƠN: Trả lời - Thank you. - Thank you very much. - You're welcome. - That's all right. - Thanks a lot. - Thanks a lot for - Not at all. - It's my pleasure 43
17. 7 ) CÁC MẪU CÂU hỏi lại khi nghe không rõ: - Pardon? ( chữ này thông dụng các em cần nhớ) - Please say that again. - Could you repeat that? 8 ) CÁC MẪU CÂU MỜI: a) Mời ăn uống: - Would you like + món ăn/uống Ví dụ: Would you like a cup of tea? ( mời bạn uống trà) Đáp lại: - Yes, please. / - No, thanks. b) Mời đi đâu: - Would you like + to inf. Ví dụ: Would you like to go to the cinema with me? ( mời bạn đi xem phim với tôi) Would you like to go to the party? ( mời bạn đi dự tiệc) 9 ) CÁC MẪU CÂU CẢNH BÁO : Don't move! Mind you head! Watch out! Look out! Be careful! Take care! 10) CÁC MẪU CÂU CHUNG : Showing 1. Uh-huh! 3. Right! 3. Really? 4. That's interesting! interest 5. And? 6. What then? 7. Oh? 8. What happened (Thể hiện sự next? quan tâm) Showing that 1. Now, you mentioned 2. So, that's how ? you're listening 3. Yes, I was going to ask you about that 4. Could you give me / us an (Thể hiện bạn example of ? đang lắng 5. Could you explain in more detail ? nghe) Thanking and 1. Many thanks. 2. Thanks a lot. 3. Cheers! responding 4. That's very kind of you. 5. Thank you very much 6. Not at all. ( Cảm ơn và 7. It's a pleasure. / My pleasure. 8. You're welcome. 9. Don't mention đáp lại lời cảm it. ơn ) 10. Any time. 11. That's OK / all right. 12. I'm glad to have been of some help Apologizing 1. Sorry 2. I'm very/awfully/so/extremely sorry. ( Xin lỗi ) 3. Excuse me. 4. Sorry, (it was) my fault. 5. I do apologize. 6. Please accept my apologies 44
18. Accepting an 1. That's all right/OK. 2. Not to worry. apology 3. That's quite/perfectly all right. 4. No reason/need to apologize. ( Chấp nhận 5. Don't worry about it lời xin lỗi) Giving 1. Make sure 2. Remember (to do). instructions 3. Be careful (not to do). 4. Don't forget (to do) ( Đưa ra lời 5. Giving directions 6. Go straight on. hướng dẫn ) 7. Take the first/second on the left / right. 8. Turn left / right. 9. Go along as far as 10. Take the number 7 bus / tram. 11. Get off (the bus / tram) at (place). 12. Carry on until you see 13. Look out for Checking 1. Are you with me? someone has 2. Did you follow that? understood 3. Have you got that? ( K.tra xem ai đã hiểu hay 4. Is everything clear so far? chưa) 5. Does that seem to make sense Exercise 1: Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions. 1. “Thank you for taking the time to come here in person. “ “ ” A. It‟s my please sure. B. I don‘t know what time that person comes. C. I‘d love to come. What time? D. Do you have time for some gossip? 2. “I have a terrible headache.” “ ” A. Maybe I‘m not going to the doctor‘s. B. Not very well. Thanks. C. Maybe you should take a rest. D. Not bad. I‘m going to the doctor‘s. 3. “Do you want me to help you with those suitcases?” “ ” A. Of course, not for me. B. No, I can‘t help you now. C. No, those aren‘t mine. D. No, I can manage them myself. 4. “What does it cost to get to Manchester?” “ ” A. It‘s interesting to travel to Manchester. B. It depends on how you go. C. I always go by train. D. I don‘t like to go by train. 5. “ ” “Yes. Do you have any shirts?” A. Could you do me a favour? B. Oh, dear. What a nice shirt! C. May I help you? D. White, please. 6. “What‘s the best place to eat lunch?” “ ” A. I‘ll have soup, please. B. There‟s great restaurant t the corner of the street. C. I usually eat lunch at twelve. D. Twelve would be convenient. 7. “Maybe you can take a vacation next month.” “ ” A. Nothing special. B. You‘re welcome. C. It‘s very expensive. D. I don‟t think so. I‟m teaching all summer. 8. “What do you think of your new DVD player?” “ ” A. I love it. B. My brother gave it to me. C. It was a gift from my brother. D. I always put it there. 9. “How long you been recently?” “ ” A. It‘s too late now. B. Pretty busy, I think. 45
19. C. By bus, I think. D. No, I;ll not be busy. 10. “Do you need a knife and a fork?” “ ” A. No, I‘ll just use a frying pan. B. No, I‟ll just use chopsticks. C. No, I‘ll just use a can opener. D. No, I‘ll use a cooker. Exercise 2: Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions. 1. “You‘re so patient with us.” “ ” A. Thanks, that‟s nice of you to say so. B. Thanks. Have a nice trip. C. I‘m fine, thanks. D. I know. I have trouble controlling my temper. 2. “Can I try your new camera?” “ ” A. I‘m sorry I can‘t. Let‘s go now. B. Sure. I‘d love to. C. Sure. But please be careful with it. D. I‘m sorry. I‘m home late. 3. “ ” “Yes, about ten cigarettes a day.” A. Do you smoke? B. What‘s the mater? C. Anything else? D. Well, you should stop smoking. 4. “How well do you play?” “ ” A. Yes, I used to play tennis. B. I don‘t play very often. C. No, I don‘t play very well. D. Pretty well, I think. 5. “ ” “No, nothing special.” A. Did you watch the live show last weekend? B. Did you do anything special last weekend? C. Did you have a great time last weekend? D. Did you go anywhere last weekend? 6. “Didn‘t you go to the conference?” “ ” A. No, I went there with my friends. B. That sounds nice, but I can‘t. C. Dom‘t worry. I‘ll go there. D. I did, but I didn‟t stay long. 7. “ ” “No, thank you. That‘ll be all.” A. What would you like? B. It‘s very kind of you to help me. C. Would you like anything else? D. What kind of food do you like? 8. “What was the last present that you received?” “ ” A. fashion hat. B. It depends on the situation. C. Several times. D. I think it‘s OK. 9. “Let me drive you home.” “ ” A. No problem. B. Don‟t worry. I‟m ll right. C. I ususally drive home at five. D. It‘s me. 10. “May I leave a message for Ms. Davis.” “ ” A. I‘m afraid she‘s not here at the moment. B. No, she‘s not here now. C. She‘s leaving a message to you now. D. Yes, I‟ll m ke sure she gets it. Exercise 3: Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions. 1. “Your boss looks like the aggressive type.” “ ” A. Yes, he really wants to get ahead. B. Yes, he‘s quite gentle. C. Really? I‘ve never seen him lie. D. Right. He‘s so quiet. 2. “How can this dress be so expensive?” “ ” A. Yes, it‘s the most expensive. B. What an expensive dress! C. You‟re paying for the brand. D. That‘s a good idea. 3. “I get impatient when the teacher doesn‘t tell us the answers.” “ ” A. Yes, it‟s hard to think of the nswers. B. Yes, I wish she‘d hurry up. C. Yes, she should know the answers. D. Yes, she speaks too quickly. 4. “Did you play tennis last weekend?” “ ” A. It‘s my favourite sport. B. I worked. C. Do you like it? D. Would you like to come with me? 5. “May I speak to the manager?” “ ” A. He always comes late. He is not very well. B. Thank you. Good bye. C. I‟m fraid he‟s not in. Can I take a message? D. I‘m afraid not. He works very hard. 6. “Where‘s the view? The advertisement said this place has a great view of the sea.” “ ” A. It has good facilities. B. It‘s convenient to see it. C. You can find it very convenient. D. You can see it from the back. 46
20. 7. “Why did you turn the air conditioner on?” “ ” A. I think it‘s bad codntion. B. I can‘t see anything. C. It‟s little hot in here. D. It‘s a good idea. 8. “There‘s a baseball game tonight.” “ ” A. Great. Let‟s go. B. I‘m not a real fan of hers. C. Don‘t mention it. D. Thanks, I‘d love to. 9. “ ” “Yes. I do. I like them a lot.” A. What do you think of tennis. B. Do you like sport. C. Do you prefer tennis or badminton? D. How often you play tennis? 10. “ ” “No, I‘m not. I feel awful.” A. How are you? B. Are you feeling OK? C. Is there anything wrong? D. What‘s the matter? Exercise 4: Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions. 1. “Where will you go on vacation?” “ ” A. Probably to the beach. B. The beach is nice, isn‘t it? C. Probably I won‘t think of. D. I have a four-day vacation. 2. “ ” “I think the vase is broken.” A. Can I help you? B. Why is it so expensive. C. What is it? D. What‟s wrong with it? 3. “What do you do for a living?” “ ” A. I get a high salary, you know. B. I want to be a doctor, I guess. C. I work in a bank. D. It‘s hard work, you know. 4. “I wonder if you could do something for me.” “ ” A. It depends on what it is. B. What‘s it like. C. No, thanks. D. I‘m afraid I won‘t come. 5. “Haven‘t you put an advertisement in the paper yet?” “ ” A. I‘m not sure. Really? B. I will, the first thing in the afternoon. C. I‘m with you there D. I can get a paper for you right now. 6. “Have you noticed that the manager wears something green every day?” “ ” A. I know. He‘s a good manager. B. Sure. He will do that. C. I know. He must like green. D. He‘d rather do that. 7. “ ” “No, I don‘t play the piano.” A. What kind of music do you like? B. Do you play the piano. C. Do you earn a lot by playing the piano? D. What kind of music do you like? 8. “Excuse me. I‘m your new neighbor. I just moved in.” “ ” A. Sorry, I don‟t know. B. Oh, I don‘t think so. C. I‘m afraid not. D. Where to, sir? 9. “How about an evening riverboat tour?” “ ” A. No, it‘s good to do so. B. Actually I‘ve never gone on an evening riverboat tour. C. No, I‘ve never gone an evening riverboat tour. D. Actually I‟ve gone twice this week. 10. “Can you come over after the show?” “ ” A. That would be nice. B. No, I didn‘t. C. Please, go ahead. D. Why don‘t we go to the show? Exercise 5: Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions. 1. “I think the pants are a little big.” “ ” A. Are they big enough? B. You should get a bigger pair. C. Yes, maybe a little. D. Yes, they are not big at all. 2. “ ” “Yes, it‘s OK. But could you clean your room first?” A. Would you like to go to Helen‘s party this weekend? B. Can I go to Helen‟s party this weekend? C. What time does Helen‘s party begin this weekend? D. I don‘t like the noise at parties. 3. “How late will the bank be open.” “ ” 47
21. A. Its services are very good indeed. B. It is two blocks away. C. It is not very far. D. It will be open until 6 pm. 4. “Will the maths teacher give us a test this week?” “ ” A. I doubt whether it‘s easy. B. Yes, the test was difficult. C. I don‘t think he wil come. D. No, he probably won‟t. 5. “What does this thing do?” “ ” A. I think it‘s a waste of money. B. It sure does. C. It peels potatoes. D. I can use it well. 6. “ ” “Yes, I have a date.” A. Do you have any plans for tonight. B. Can I have an appointment with Dr. Adams? C. What‘s the time, please. D. Do you have any plans tonight? 7. “May I take my break, now?” “ ” A. No, you didn‘t break it. B. I think I need five minutes. C. I‘ll be back in five minutes. D. Yes, of course. 8. “Do you support the proposal to build a new airport?” “ ” A. No, not really. B. No, I like it. C. No, I don‘t think you‘re right. D. Yes, I‘m against it. 9. “Your job is pretty routine, then?” “ ” A. Yes, sometimes it‟s little boring. B. Yes, it‘s really exciting. C. Yes, I love exciting work . D. Yes, it‘s different every day. 10. “ ” “Oh, but it‘s boring?” A. Don‘t you like the news? B. Would you prefer news to films? C. I think you should watch the news. D. You often watch the news, don‘t you? BÀI 15. TỪ ĐỒNG NGHĨA, TRÁI NGHĨA. Bài 1: Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word or phrase that is CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined part in each of the following questions. Câu 1: He was asked to account for his presence at the scene of crime. A. complain B. exchange C. explain D. arrange Câu 2: The teacher gave some suggestions on what could come out for the examination. A. effects B. symptoms C. hints D. demonstrations Câu 3: I’ll take the new job whose salary is fantastic. A. reasonable B. acceptable C. pretty high D. wonderful Bài 2: Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word or phrase that is OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined part in each of the following questions. Câu 1: Because Jack defaulted on his loan, the bank took him to court. A. failed to pay B. paid in full C. had a bad personality D. was paid much money Câu 2: His career in the illicit drug trade ended with the police raid this morning . A. elicited B. irregular C. secret D. legal Bài 3: Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word or phrase that is OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined part in each of the following questions. Câu 1: The government is not prepared to tolerate this situation any longer. A. look down on B. put up with C. take away from D. give on to Câu 2: I clearly remember talking to him in a chance meeting last summer. A. unplanned B. deliberate C. accidental D. unintentional Bài 4: Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word or phrase that is CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined part in each of the following questions. Câu 1: I could see the finish line and thought I was home and dry. A. hopeless B. hopeful C. successful D. unsuccessful Câu 2: Carpets from countries such as Persia and Afghanistan often fetch high prices in the United States. A. Artifacts B. Pottery C. Rugs D. Textiles Câu 3: Though many scientific breakthroughs have resulted from mishaps it has taken brilliant thinkers to 48
22. recognize their potential. A. accidents B. misunderstandings C. incidentals D. misfortunes Bài 6: Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word (s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions. Câu 1: The International Organizations are going to be in a temporary way in the country. A. soak B. permanent C. complicated D. guess Câu 2: The US troops are using much more sophisticated weapons in the Far East. A. expensive B. complicated C. simple and easy to use D. difficult to operate Bài 7: Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions. Câu 1: Tourists today flock to see the two falls that actually constitute Niagara falls. A. come without knowing what they will see B. come in large numbers C. come out of boredom D. come by plane Câu 2: Around 150 B.C. the Greek astronomer Hipparchus developed a system to classify stars according to brightness. A. record B. shine C. categorize D. diversify Câu 3: She is always diplomatic when she deals with angry students. A. strict B. outspoken C. firm D. tactful Bài 8: Choose the word that is OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined part in the following sentences. Câu 1: In remote communities, it's important to replenish stocks before the winter sets in. A. remake B. empty C. refill D. repeat Câu 2: There has been no discernible improvement in the noise levels since lorries were banned. A. clear B. obvious C. thin D. insignificant Bài 9: Choose the word that is CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined part in the following questions Câu 1: Roget's Thesaurus, a collection of English words and phrases, was originally arranged by the ideas they express rather than by alphabetical order. A. restricted B. as well as C. unless D. instead of Câu 2: With the dawn of space exploration, the notion that atmospheric conditions on Earth may be unique in the solar system was strengthened. A. outcome B. continuation C. beginning D. expansion Câu 3: Let's wait here for her; I'm sure she'll turn up before long. A. arrive B. return C. enter D. visit Bài 10: Mark the letter A,B,C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word or phrase that is CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined part in each of the following questions. Câu 1: This tapestry has a very complicated pattern. A. obsolete B. intricate C. ultimate D. appropriate Câu 2: During the Great Depression, there were many wanderers who traveled on the railroads and camped along the tracks. A. veterans B. tyros C. vagabonds D. zealots Câu 3: We decided to pay for the furniture on the installment plan. A. monthly payment B. cash and carry C. credit card D. piece by piece Câu 4: The last week of classes is always very busy because students are taking examinations, making applications to the University, and extending their visas. A. hectic B. eccentric C. fanatic D. prolific Câu 5: The drought was finally over as the fall brought in some welcome rain. A. heatware B. harvest C. summer D. aridity Bài 11: Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word or phrase that is CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined part in each of the following questions. Câu 1: When their rent increased from 200 to 400 a month, they protested against such a tremendous increase. A. light B. huge C. tiring D. difficult Câu 2: In 1952, Akihito was officially proclaimed heir to the Japanese throne. 49
23. A. installed B. declared C. denounced D. advised Câu 3: The augmentation in the population has created a fuel shortage. A. increase B. necessity C. demand D. decrease Bài 12: Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word or phrase that is OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined part in each of the following questions. Câu 1: She had a cozy little apartment in Boston. A. uncomfortable B. warm C. lazy D. dirty Câu 2: He was so insubordinate that he lost his job within a week. A. fresh B. disobedient C. obedient D. understanding Bài 13: Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word or phrase that is OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined part in each of the following questions. Câu 1: There is growing concern about the way man has destroyed the environment. A. ease B. attraction C. consideration D. speculation Câu 2: Fruit and vegetables grew in abundance on the island. The islanders even exported the surplus. A. large quantity B. small quantity C. excess D. sufficiency Bài 14: Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word or phrase that is CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined part in each of the following questions. Câu 1: If we had taken his sage advice, we wouldn’t be in so much trouble now. A. willing B. sturdy C. wise D. eager Câu 2: A mediocre student who gets low grades will have trouble getting into an Ivy League college. A. average B. lazy C. moronic D. diligent Câu 3: The politician’s conviction for tax fraud jeopardized his future in public life. A. rejuvenated B. penalized C. jettisoned D. endangered Bài 15: Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word or phrase that is OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined part in each of the following questions. Câu 1: During the five- decade history the Asian Games have been advancing in all aspects. A. holding at B. holding back C. holding to D. holding by Câu 2: The distinction between schooling and education implied by this remark is important. A. explicit B. implicit C. obscure D. odd Bài 16: Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word or phrase that is OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined part in each of the following questions. Câu 1: A chronic lack of sleep may make us irritable and reduces our motivation to work. A. uncomfortable B. responsive C. calm D. miserable Câu 2: Population growth rates vary among regions and even among countries within the same region. A. restrain B. stay unchanged C. remain unstable D. fluctuate BÀI 16. WRITING. A. ERROR CORRECTION. SUBJECT-VERB AGREEMENT PHẦN I: LÝ THUYẾT Trong Tiếng Anh động từ phải phù hợp với chủ ngữ củ nó. Cụ thể: • Chủ ngữ số ít (He, She, It,The boy, The camel, ) động từ chia số ít. Ex: The car was new. • Chủ ngữ số nhiều chia động từ số nhiều. Ex: The books were on the top shelf. Ex: These women wash their clothes everyday. Nhưng chủ ngữ trong Tiếng Anh không phải lúc nào cũng dễ xác định theo số ít hoặc số nhiều vì vậy khi xác định chủ ngữ ta cần Lưu ý các trường hợp sau: 1. Chủ ngữ là một danh động từ, động từ nguyên thể hay một mệnh đề: động từ chi theo ngôi thứ 3 số ít. Ex: Walking in the rain is not a good idea. Ex: To learn a foreign language is necessary. 50
24. Ex: That you get high grades in the school is very important. 2. Chủ ngữ là một nhóm từ thì phải tìm từ chính và chi động từ phù hợp với từ đó Ex: A list of new books has been posted in the library. Ex: The shops along the mall are rather small. 3. S1 + of/ as well as/ with/ together with/ in addition to/ along with/ accompanied by/ no less than +S2 => Động từ hòa hợp với S1. Ex: The professor together with his three students has been called to court. Ex: The mayor as well as his councilmen refuses to endorse the bill. Ex: The students along with their form teacher were at the beach yesterday. 4. Chủ ngữ là đại từ bất định: one, everyone, no one, nobody, anyone, anybody, someone, somebody, everybody, anything, something, nothing, everything => Động từ chi số ít Ex: Nobody is at home now. Ex: Is there anybody here? Ex: Everything has been all right so far. 5. Chủ ngữ kep: a• S1+AND +S2 + => Động từ chi theo chủ ngữ ở số nhiều. Ex: England, Scotland and Wales form Great Britain. Ex: EJohn and I are cousins. Ex: The headmaster and the teacher are talking. *But: The secretary and accountant hasn't come yet. (Một người làm hai nhiệm vụ) The great doctor and 'discoverer is no more. Whisky and soda has always been his favourite drink. (trong trường hợp 2 danh từ nối với nhau bằng AND nhưng chúng cùng chỉ 1 người, 1 bộ hoặc 1 món ăn . Đối với trường hợp cùng chỉ 1 người thì dấu hiệu nhận biết là danh từ thứ 2 không có THE, còn với bộ hoặc món ăn thì tùy vào ý của người nói). Ex: - Fish and chips is a popular meal in Britain. Ex - Fish and chips make a good meal (If we think of the items as "separate", we use plural verb) NOTE: "Each" or "every" preceding singular subjects joined by "and" takes a singular verb, Ex: Each boy and each girl is to work independently. b• S1+ OR +S2 => Động từ hò hợp với S2: Ex: Has your mother or father given you permission to use the car? c •Either+S1+ or + S2 V hòa hợp với S2: Neither+ S1+Nor +S2 Ex: Neither the students nor their teacher regrets the approach of summer •. EACH/EVERY/EITHER/NEITHER + singular noun + singular verb of + plural noun / pronoun •. ALL / BOTH / FEW /A FEW/ MANY / SEVERAL / SOME + plural noun PLURAL VERB of + plural noun / pronoun •. ALL/ SOME /LITTLE/A LITTLE +Non count noun singular verb of+ Non count noun 6. Chủ ngữ là danh từ tập hợp dùng như 1 đơn vị =>V chi theo S số ít (GROUP / JURY/ ARMY / FAMILY / CLASS /COMMITTEE / TEAM /ENEMY/ COUNCIL ) Ex: The football team practises every day. Ex: The herd of elk is in the meadow 51
25. Ex: The family arrives together at 8. 00. *Danh từ tập hợp chỉ từng thành viên =>V chi theo S số nhiều. Ex: The football team buy their own uniforms. Ex: John has just arrived and now the family are all here. *Các danh từ như: the police, the military, the people, cattle, poultry, clergy, => V chi theo S số nhiều. Ex: The police are questioning him. . Danh từ tập hợp được hình thành bởi by "the + djective" => V chi theo S số nhiều . Ex: The sick need medical care and tenderness. Ex: The American people don't trust the news . Danh từ tập hợp như FURNITURE / LUGGAGE / INFORMATION / KNOWLEDGE / TRAFFIC / EQUIPMENT / SCENERY / MACHINERY (không bao giờ có _S với những danh từ này) => V chi theo S số ít. Ex: The furniture was more expensive than I thought. Ex: Traffic is heavy. Ex: The traffic has increased rapidly in the downtown areas. 7. Chủ ngữ là nhóm danh từ chỉ số lượng (khoảng thời gian đo lường, trọng lượng, thể tích, số lượng) =>V chi theo S số ít. Ex: Twenty-two inches is a tiny waist measurement. Ex: Fifty dollars seems a reasonable price *Phân số/phần trăm + N (số ít) => V chia theo S số Ít. Ex: A quarter of the cake is gone. + N(số nhiều) => Vchia theo S số nhiều. Ex: Half of the tables are occupied. *The majority of + N (số Ít) => V chia theo S số Ít. + N (số nhiều) => Vchia theo S số nhiều. Ex: The majority of the customers are happy. 8. Tiêu ®Ò sách báo, tên cơ quan, tổ chức đoàn thể, quốc gia , dù viết ở số nhiều -> động từ chia theo S số ít. Ex: Chaucer's Canterbury Tales includes many humorous characterizations. Ex: The Malay States is now part of the Federation of Malaysia. 9. Các danh từ chỉ bệnh tật, môn học, môn thể thao, tên nước, thủ đô: news, means, series, billiards, mathematics, species, measles, mumps, rickets, mathematics, economics,, linguistics, physics, phonetics, athletics, politics, statistics, Algiers, Athens, Brussels, Marseilles, Naples, the Philippines, the United Nations, the United States, Wales ) => động từ chia theo S số Ít. Ex: The morning news is on at 6 o'clock. Ex: Measles is sometimes serious. 10. Nh÷ng danh từ sau ®©y lu«n ®i số nhiều (glasses, scissors (keo), pants, shorts, jeans, tongs (cai kep), pliers (kim), tweezers (nhip), eye-glasses, ear-rings ) Động từ chia theo S số nhiều. Ex: My trousers are torn . Ex: These scissors are dull. But:- A pair of glasses costs quite a lot these days. - This pair of scissors is sharp. 11. THE NUMBER OF +N(số nhiều)=> Động từ chi theo số ít. Ex: The number of road accidents is increasing. 52
26. 12. A NUMBER OF +N (số nhiều) => Động từ chia theo S số nhiều. Ex: A number of spectators were injured 13. No + singular noun + singular verb: Ex: No example is right in this case. plural noun + plural verb: Ex: No examples are right in this case. 14. None of the + non-count noun + -singular verb plural noun + plural verb. Ex: - None of the counterfeit money has been found. Ex: - None of the students have finished the exam yet. 15. It + be + noun / pronoun (in the subject form). Ex - It is they who provide the modem medical aids. Ex- Go and tell them it is I who did it. 16. There + be + noun: (động từ phụ thuộc vào danh từ). Ex: There have not been many large-scale epidemics lately. * PHẦN II: BÀI TẬP VẬN DỤNG A. Choose the best answers to the following questions. 1. The Vietnamese people a heroic people. A. is B. are C. was D. were 2. Miss White her parents is going to pay a visit to the Great Wall. A. and B both C. as well as D. or 3. The Vietnamese hard-working and brave. A. is B. are C. be D. being 4. A good deal of money spent on the books. A. have B. has C. have been D. has been 5. The manager or his secretary to give you an interview. A. is B. are C. were D. have 6. Mary is one of the girls who often late for school. A. is B. are C. comes D. get 7. Two hours not long enough for this rest. A. have B. has C. is D. are 8. Ninety percent of the work been done. A. is B. are C. has D. have 9. Those who to go with me, please raise your hand. A. want B. wants C. wanting D. are wanting 10. Salt and water to wash the wound A. is used B. are used C. was used D. were used 11. The news bad last night. A. were B. was C. has D. has been 12. Three-fifths of the police in the school near the town. A. has trained B. have trained C. has been trained D. have been trained 13. not only you but also he going to Japan? A. Are B. Is C. Were D. Was 14. All the books on the shelf to me. A. belong B. belongs C. belonging D. is belonging 15. The trousers you bought for me me. A. don‘t fit B. doesn‘t fit C. fits D. fit not 16. Mumps ___ usually caught by children. A. are B. was C. is D. were 17. The United States ___ between Canada and Mexico. A. lying B. lies C. lain D. lie 18. Physics___ us understand the natural laws. A. helps B. help C. have helped D. helped 19. The police ___ the robber. A. were arrested B. has arrested C. have arrested D. was arresting 20. The cattle ___ in the field. A. is grazing B. grazes C. has grazed D. are grazing 53
27. 21. Either you or he ___ wrong. A. are B. were C. have been D. is 22. John as well as Mary ___ very kind. A. were B. are C. is D. have been 23. The doctor with the nurses ___ exhausted after the operation. A. were B. was C. have been D. are being 24. Five miles ___ not very far. A. is B. are C. were D. have been 25. ___ ten years too long? A. Are B. Is C. Are being D. Were 26. Neither his parents nor his teacher ___ satisfied with his result. A. are being B. were C. is D. are 27. Each boy and each girl ___ a book. A. are having B. have had C. have D. has 28. Writing a lot of letters ___ her tired. A. makes B. make C. have made D. are making 29. ___ everybody ready to start now? A. Are being B. Is being C. Is D. Are 30. None of the butter in the fridge ___ good. A. is being B. is C. have been D. are 31. None of the students ___ the test yet. A. have finished B. has finished C. finished D. is finishing 32. A pair of shoes ___ under the bed. A. have been B. are C. are being D. is 33. 200 tons of water ___ last month. A. was used B. had been used C. were used D. is used 34. In the hotel, the bread and butter ___ for breakfast. A. is served B. are served C. serves D. serve 35. ___ were nice to me when I was in England. A. The Brown‘s B. Brown‘s C. The Browns D. Browns B. Identify the one underlined word or phrase that must be changed in order to make the sentence correct. * Lỗi sai về sự hoà hợp giữa chủ ngữ và động từ. Exercise 1: 1. The study of languages are very interesting. A B C D 2. Today the number of people enjoying winter sports are almost double that of twenty years ago. A B C D 3. Every student in my class are good at English. A B C D 4. Air pollution, together with littering, are causing many problems in our large, industrial cities today. A B C D 5. Drug abuse have become one of America’s most serious social problems. A B C D 6. The threat of being dismissed do not worry me any more because I have started my own business. A B C D 7. Mrs. Stevens, along with her cousins from New Mexico, are planning to attend the festivities. A B C D 8. If either of you take a vacation, we will not be able to finish the work. A B C D 9. Neither John nor his friends is going to the beach today. A B C D 10. Mary and her friends is going to a party tonight. A B C D Exercise 2: 1. Neither his parents nor his teacher are satisfied with his result when he was at high school. 54
28. A B C D 2. Daisy was the only one of those girls that get the scholarship. A B C D 3. Working provide people with personal satisfaction as well as money. A B C D 4. Either the doctor or the nurses takes care of changing the patients‘ bandages. A B C D 5. Every student who majors in English are ready to participate in the oratorical contest. A B C D 6. One hundreds eight thousand miles is the speed of light. A B C D 7. The guest of honour, along with his wife and children, were sitting at the first table when we had a party yesterday. A B C D 8. The audience was enjoying every minute of the performance. A B C D 9. All the books on the top shelf belongs to me. A B C D 10. Five thousand pounds were stolen from the bank. A B C D 11. Happiness and success depends on yourself. A B C D 12. The loss of her husband and two of her sons were too much for her. A B C D 13. David and his brother was indicted yesterday on charges of grand theft. A B C D 14. Current research on AIDS, in spite of the best efforts of hundreds of scientists, leave serious questions A B C unanswered. D 15. Everyone have to plan a program that fits into the day‘s schedule and that allows for good exercise A B C D and appropriate rest. * Lỗi sai về thì của động từ, việc kết hợp sử dụng các thì. Bài tập 1 1. I have been in Mexico during the summer of 1970 A B C D 2. You should visit that part of the country when it will be spring. A B C D 3. My brother has to walk ten miles to buy some gas last weekend. A B C D 4. By the time Joan arrived , they have been eating all of food. A B C D 5. After she had bought herself a new motorcycle, she had sold her bicycle. A B C D 6. When I was only a child, my father teaches me how to play soccer. A B C D 7. She didn’t know where most of the people in the room are from A B C D 8. It is impossible to believe that somebody actually admired that man. A B C D 9. Steve wakes up early every morning because he went to work early. A B C D 10. Florida has become the twenty seventh state in the U.S on March 3rd , 1845. A B C D Bài tập 2 1. My sister had been married three times. 55
29. A B C D 2. After George had returned to his house, he was reading a book. A B C D 3. The food that Mark is cooking in the kitchen is smelling delicious. A B C D 4. I was told that the train has left at exactly 5 p.m. A B C D 5. This car has been belonging to my cousin for 2 years. A B C D 6. There are four accidents in this corner this week. A B C D 7. I just saw boys from Africa that I met at the International House party. A B C D 8. Three years ago he had been a student at a university in Califonia. A B C D 9. As soon as Joan will get a good job, she is going to buy a flat. A B C D 10. The doctor had seen ten patients since eight o’clock this morning. A B C D * Lỗi sai về việc sử dụng từ loại . Bài tập 1 1. I have been working lazy for two weeks. A B C D 2. He studied very hard, so he passed the exam easy. A B C D 3. Many species of wild animals would become extinction if people continued to cut down forests. A B C D 4. Some bacteria are extremely harmful, but others are regular used in producing foods A B C D 5. I think it’s importance for us to find solutions to our problem. A B C D 6. He answered those questions perfect because he was intelligent. A B C D 7. Heavy polluted factories will be closed down sooner or later. A B C D 8. The driver of the car was serious injured. A B C D 9. Bill is often late for class, which makes his teachers angrily. A B C D 10. I am surprising at how much he smokes. I’m not used to it. A B C D Bài tập 2 1. He walked slowly because of his injuring legs. A B C D 2. Dogs that are trained to lead the blind must be loyalty, intelligent and calm. A B C D 3. Most of us were feeling sleepily at the meeting because the speaker had a very monotonous voice. A B C D 4. The more frequent you exercise, the greater physical endurance you will have. A B C D 5. Several people arrived too lateness to be admitted to the performance. A B C D 6. Smoking is a great harmful to our health. A B C D 7. English tends towards simplicity, which is its strong. A B C D 56
30. 8. She is filling in the applicant form. A B C D 9. The old man has saved a lot of money for his retire. A B C D 10. We had a boredom discussion about football. A B C D * Lỗi sai về các chủ đề ngữ pháp khác như: câu bị động, câu trực tiếp gián tiếp, câu so sánh, đại từ quan hệ, mạo từ, Bài tập 1 1. Today the number of people whom enjoy winter sports is almost double that of twenty years ago. A B C D 2. The boy which was given the first prize in the contest was very happy. A B C D 3. Peter said that it was the boy which had stolen his suitcase. A B C D 4. Nguyen Du, that wrote "Kieu Story", was a great Vietnamese poet. A B C D 5. There's the woman who she sold me the handbag. A B C D 6. The company did not want to hire the man that experience was so limited. A B C D 7. There are also many single mothers and single fathers which are raising children by themselves. A B C D 8. I thanked the woman whom had helped me. A B C D 9. Do you like the building that windows are green? A B C D 10. The man was injured in the accident was taken to the hospital. A B C D Bài tập 2 1. Is this the book you are looking for it? A B C D 2. This is the picture of the town where we visited last summer. A B C D 3. The story to that I listened yesterday was interesting A B C D 4. Peter, that works at the university, is my friend. A B C D 5. He told us about the hotel that he had stayed the previous summer. A B C D 6. The weather is more hot than it was yesterday. A B C D 7. His health gets good and better because he does gymnastics regularly. A B C D 8. If I had enough money, I would have travelled around the world. A B C D 9. The older you are, the worst your memory is. A B C D 10. The early we leave, the sooner we will arrive. A B C D * Lỗi sai về dạng thức của động từ: V-ing, to V, V(inf) Bài tập 1 1. Would you mind to check the figures again? A B C D 2. When there are low sales, companies often decide developing new products. A B C D 57
31. 3. To reduce pollution, we have to stop to use many things that make our environment contaminated. A B C D 4. We shall have a doctor to examine our lovely baby tomorrow. A B C D 5. I couldn’t help cried when I watched that film. A B C D 6. He liked collecting stamps but he didn’t like buy them. A B C D 7. It is very difficult for human beings fighting pollution. A B C D 8. Jill didn't repair the roof by herself. She had it repairing. A B C D 9. Let’s taking a walk .Walking is good for our health. A B C D 10. There's something wrong with my computer. It may need to repair. A B C D * Lỗi sai về việc sử dụng các cấu trúc câu đặc biệt: so that, such that, too , enough , hardy when, no sooner than 1. Hardly he had entered the office when he realized that he had forgotten his wallet. A B C D 2. It was suggested that he studies the material more thoroughly before attempting to pass the exam. A B C D 3. This table is not enough strong to support a fridge, and that one probably isn’t, either. A B C D 4. No sooner had he entered the office when he realized that he had forgotten his wallet. A B C D 5. Daisy has such many things to do that she has no time to go out. A B C D 6. Today was such beautiful day that I couldn't bring myself to complete all my chores. A B C D 7. I can't get used to doing so difficult exercises. A B B D 8. I know you are busy too to stay, but I look forward to seeing you again. A B C D 9. These Japanese cars are all too expensive for we to buy at this time. A B C D 10. It was advisable that he reads the material more carefully before trying to pass the exam. A B C D * Lỗi sai về cấu trúc song song. 1. The puppy stood up slowly, wagged its tail, blinking its eyes, and barked. A B C D 2. Ecologists are trying to preserve our environment for future generations by protecting the ozone A B C layer, purifying the air, and have planted the trees that have been cut down. D 3. The chief of police demanded from his assistants an orderly investigation, a well-written report, and A B C that they work hard. D 4. Marcia is a scholar, an athlete, and artistic. A B C D 5. Slowly and with care, the museum director removed the Ming vase from the shelf and placed it on A B C the display pedestal. D 6. The farmer plows the fields, plants the seeds and will harvest the crop. A B C D 58
32. 7. Abraham Lincoln was a good president and was self-educated, hard working and always told the truth. A B C D 8. Children love playing in the mud, running through puddles and they get very dirty. A B C D 9. Collecting stamps, playing chess and to mount beautiful butterflies are derrick’s hobbies. A B C D 10. Despite America’s affluence, many people are without jobs, on welfare, and have a lot of debts. A B C D *Lỗi sai về ngữ nghĩa. 1: I found it hardly to keep my concentration with such a noise going on. A B C D 2: I haven’t seen John late. A B C D 3: She overslept this morning but she went to school late. A B C D 4: I went to school on time because of the heavy rain. A B C D 5: The heavy rain made it possible for us to have our picnic. A B C D 6: She didn’t want to go back to the shop because it was very lately. A B C D 7: John hardly never misses an opportunity to play in the tennis tournaments. A B C D 8: I undersand your point of view. However, I totally agree with you. A B C D A. SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION. REPORTED SPEECH. * Choose the sentence that is closest in meaning to each sentence below. 1. '' Where did you go last night''? she said to her boyfriend. A. She asked her boyfriend where did he go last night. B. She asked her boyfriend where he went the night before. C. She asked her boyfriend where had he gone the night before. D. She asked her boyfriend where he had gone the night before. 2. '' Remember to write to your aunt''. I said to Miss Linh. A. I said to Miss Linh remember to write to her aunt. B. I said to Miss Linh to remember to write to her aunt. C. I told Miss Linh remember to write to her aunt. D. I reminded Miss Linh to remember to write to her aunt. 3. '' How long have you lived in Ha Noi''? said my friend. A. My friend asked me how long have I lived in HaNoi. B. My friend asked me how long had I lived in HaNoi. C. My friend asked me how long I had lived in HaNoi. D. My friend asked me how long I have lived in HaNoi. 4. ''Close the books, please'' said our teacher. A. Close your book said by our teacher. B. Our teacher asked us close our book. C. Our teacher said us close our book. D. Our teacher asked us to close our book. 5. “I didn‟t break your watch” the boy said. A. The boy told the girl that he hadn‟t broken her watch. B. The boy asked the girl that he hadn‘t broken her watch. C. The boy told the girl that he didn‘t break her watch. D. The boy told the girl that he hadn‘t broken your watch. 6. “Don‟t make noise bec use I am listening music now” he s id to me. A. He asked me not to make noise because I am listening music now. B. He asked me not to make noise because I was listening music then. 59
33. C. He asked me not to make noise because he was listening music then. D. He asked me to make noise because I was listening music then. 7. “I have just seen your mother this morning”. Laura said to Lewis. A. Laura told Lewis I have just seen your mother this morning. B. Laura told Lewis she had just seen his mother that morning. C. Laura told Lewis she has just seen his mother that morning. D. Laura told Lewis he had just seen her mother that morning. 8. “We are ready to come with our friends” they said. A. They told us they are ready to come with their friends. B. They told us they were ready to come with our friends. C. They told us we were ready to come with our friends. D. They told us they were ready to come with their friends. 9. “I was intending to meet you tomorrow” she s id. A. She told me she was intending to meet me tomorrow. B. She told me she had intending to meet me the next day. C. She told me she had been intending to meet me tomorrow. D. She told me she had been intending to meet me the next day. 10. Mrs Smith: “ Don‟t play in front of my windows” A. Mrs Smith told us not to play in front of her windows. B. Mrs Smith told us not to play in front of my windows. C. Mrs Smith told us to not play in front of her windows. D. Mrs Smith said us not to play in front of her windows. 11. “I didn‟t witness that accident. ” A. He denied not having witnessed that accident. B. He denied having witnessed that accident. C. He denied not having witnessing that accident. D. He denied not had witnessed that accident. 12. “You cheated in the exam. ” The teacher said to his students A. The teacher insisted his students on cheating in the exam. B. The teacher prevented his students from cheating in the exam. C. The teacher advised his students to cheat in the exam. D. The teacher accused his students of cheating in the exam. 13. " Don't forget to give the book back to Mary," he said to me. A. He reminded me to give the book back to Mary. B. He reminded me to forget to give the book back to Mary. C. He advised me to give the book back to Mary. D. He advised me to forget to give the book back to Mary. 14. "Would you like to go to the cinema with me tonight?" he said. A.He invited me to go to the cinema with him that night. B.He offered me to go to the cinema with him tonight. C.He asked me if I'd like to go to the cinema with him tonight. D. He would like me to go to the cinema with him this night. 15. 'Remember to pick me up at 6 o'clock tomorrow afternoon," she said. A. She told me to remember to pick her up at 6 o'clock tomorrow afternoon. B. She reminded me to pick her up at 6 o'clock the following afternoon. C. She reminded me to remember to pick her up at 6 o'clock the next afternoon. D. She told me to pick her up at 6 o'clock the next day afternoon. 16. " Let's have a picnic next Saturday," Julia said. A. Julia said that let's have a picnic the next Saturday. B. Julia suggested having a picnic the following Saturday. C. Julia advised how about having a picnic the next Saturday. D. Julia told that why they didn't have a picnic next Saturday. 17. "If I were you, I'd tell him the truth," she said to me. A. She said to me that if I were you, I'd tell him the truth. B. She will tell him the truth if she is me. C. She suggested to tell him the truth if she were me. D. She advised me to tell him the truth. 18. “ Why don't you have your room repainted?" said Viet to N m. A. Viet suggested that Nam should have his room repainted. 60
34. B. Viet suggested having Nam's room repainted. C. Viet asked Nam why you didn't have your room repainted. D. Viet wanted to know why Nam doesn't have his room repainted. 19. "If I were you. Bill, I'd buy the house, " Stephen said. A. Stephen suggested Bill to buy the house. B. Stephen advised Bill to buy the house. C. Stephen promised Bill that he would buy the house. D. Stephen forced Bill to buy the house. 20. “Don‟t forget to feed the chicken twice d y. ” A. He said don‘t forget to feed the chicken twice a day. B. He told not to forget to feed the chicken twice a day. C. He reminded me to feed the chicken twice a day. D. He suggested me to feed the chicken twice a day 21. “Never borrow money from friends,” my f ther s id. A. My father told me never to borrow money from friends. B. My father said to me never borrow money from friends. C. My father suggested me never borrowing money from friends. D. My father advised me not borrow money from friends 22. "Right. I'll take the brown pair, "Andrew said. A. Andrew promised to take the brown pair. B. Andrew wanted to take the brown pair. C. Andrew agreed to take the brown pair. D. Andrew asked to take the brown pair. 23. "I will ring you up after I get home. " Peter said to Mary. A. Peter promised to give Mary a wedding ring after he got home. B. Peter asked Mary to pay him a visit after he' got home. C. Peter promised to visit Mary after he got home. D. Peter promised to telephone Mary after he got home. 24. I suggested that he should paint the house light blue. A. "Shall we painted the house light blue?" I said to him. B. "How about to paint the house light blue?" I said to him. C. "Let's paint the house light blue," I said to him. D. "Why don't you paint the house light blue?" I said to him. 25.He reminded me to buy him some stamps. A. "Don't forget to buy me some stamps," he said. B. "Remember buying me some stamps," said he. C. "Remind to buy me some stamps," said he. D. "Don't deny buying me some stamps.," he said. 26. "I'll definitely return it to you tomorrow, " John said. A. John said that he'll return it to me the next day. B.John promised to return it to me the next day. C. John told that he'll return it to me the next day. D.John decided to return it to me next day. 27. "You mustn't call the police," he said to his wife. A. He accused his wife of calling the police. B.He warned his wife calling the police. C. He stopped his wife from calling the police. D. He apologized his wife for calling the police. 28. "It's me. I made your dress dirty," Jane said to Ann. A. Jane accused Ann of making her dress dirty. B. Ann prevented Jane from making her dress dirty. C. Jane denied making Ann's dress dirty. D.Jane admitted making Ann's dress dirty. 29. "Don't go near that deserted house," Tuan said to me. A. Tuan advised me not going near that deserted house. B.Tuan insisted me going near that deserted house. C. Tuan warned me against going near that deserted house. D.Tuan suggested me not to going near that deserted house. 30. "How beautiful the dress you have just bought is!" Peter said to Mary. A. Peter promised to buy Mary a beautiful dress. B. Peter said thanks to Mary for her beautiful dress. C. Peter complimented Mary on her beautiful dress. D. Peter asked Mary how she had just bought her beautiful dress. MODAL VERBS. 1. It wasn't obligatory to submit my assignment today. A. My assignment must have been submitted today. B. I needn't have submitted my assignment today. C. My assignment was required to submit by today. D. I mustn't submit my assignment today. 2. It's time we left for the disco. A. We may leave for the disco now. B. We needn't leave for the disco now. 61
35. C. We should leave for the disco now. D. We must have left for the disco now. 3. It was a mistake of you to lose your passport. A. You shouldn't have lost your passport. B. There must be a mistake in your passport. C. You needn't have brought your passport. D. Your passport must be lost. 4. My car keys are possibly in the kitchen. A. My car keys should be put in the kitchen. B. My car keys cannot be in the kitchen. C. I don’t know whether my car keys are in the kitchen. D. My car keys might be in the kitchen. 5. Is it possible for me to come to your house at about 7pm? A. Must I come over to your house at about 7pm? B. Could I be coming to your house at about 7pm? C. Can I come to your house at about 7pm? D. Will I come to your house at about 7pm? 6. Can you tell me directions for the station near here? A. Would you tell me where to get to the station near here? B. Could you tell me how to get to the station near here? C. Could you tell me what to get to the station near here? D. Must you tell me the way to get to the station near here? 7. I often get up early in the morning. A. I’m used to getting up early in the morning B. I’m used to get up early in the morning. C. I used to get up early in the morning D. I used to getting up early in the morning. 8. Please don’t use the shower after midnight A. Would you mind not to use the shower? B. Would you like to use the shower before midnight? C. I don’t want you to use the shower. D. Would you mind not using the shower after midnight? 9. The carpet still needs cleaning. A. The carpet has been cleaned. B. The carpet hasn’t cleaned yet. C. The carpet has not been cleaned. D. The carpet has cleaned. 10. I prefer going out for a meal to staying at home. A. I’d like to go out for a meal. B. Going out for a meal is very interesting. C. I’d rather go out for a meal than stay at home. D. Staying at home is more boring than going out for a meal. 11. It’s not necessary for you to water these trees. A. You needn’t water these trees B. You need to water these trees. C. You should water these trees D. You can’t water these trees. 12. Perhaps you will find you have made a mistake. A. You can find you have made a mistake. B. You should not find you have made a mistake. C. You may find you have made a mistake. D. You must find you have made a mistake. 13. It is possible that they will offer you that job. A. You may be offered that job. B. You will offer that job. C. You must be offered that job. D. That job will be offered to you. 14. It is necessary that we meet him at the airport. A. He can be met at the airport. B. He might be met at the airport. C. He must be met at the airport. D. We must be met him at the airport. TENSES. 1. She bought this book two weeks ago a. She has had this book for two weeks b. She has had this book since two weeks c. She had this book for two weeks d. She has this book for two weeks 2. We last went to the cinema two months ago. a. We haven’t gone to the cinema for two months. b. We didn’t go to the cinema for two months. c. We didn’t want to go to the cinema any more. d. We stopped going to the cinema. 3. John began playing the organ five years ago. 62
36. a. John has been playing the organ five years ago. b. John has played the organ since five years c. John has been playing the organ for five years. d. John used to play the organ five years ago. 4. It’s over ten years since we got married. a. We got married for over ten years b. We have been married for over ten years c. We were married for over ten years d. We have been married since over ten years 5. She began to play the piano three years ago. a. She has played the piano since three years. b. She has played the piano for three years c. She doesn’t play the piano now. d. She stops playing the piano now. 6. It’s two years since he last went home. a. He hasn’t gone home for two years. b.The last time he went home was two years ago. c. He didn’t go home two years ago. d. Both a& b are correct. 7. We started to write each other three years ago. a. We used to write to each other for two years. b. We used to write to each other in two years. c. We have written to each other for two years. d. We have written to each other since two years. 8. The last time I saw Jim was in 2004 a. I have seen Jim since 2004 b. I haven’t seen Jim since 2004 c. I have seen Jim for 2004 d. Jim has been seen since 2004 9. They have lived here for 6 years now a. They moved here for 6 years b. They moved here 6 years ago c. They are living here for 6 years now d. They were living here since 6 years ago 10. My sister hasn’t rung for hours a. It’s was hours since my sister last rang b. My sister hasn’t rung for hours c. It’s hours since my sister last rung d. It’s for hours since my sister last rung 11. The last time she had a swim was 5 years ago. a. She hasn’t had a swim for 5 years b. She last had a swim for 5 years c. She didn’t have a swim 5 years ago d. a & b are correct 12. Ken began working for that company 2 years ago a. Ken has been working for that company for two years b. Ken has been working for that company since two years c. Ken worked for that company for two years d. Ken was working for that company for two years 13. I have never seen such an interesting film before. a. This is the fisrt time I have seen such an interesting film. b. This film is the best I have ever seen. c. This is the first time I saw such an interesting film. d. This is the best film that I saw. 14. She hasn’t drunk coca-cola before 63
37. a. It’s time for her to drink coca-cola b. It’s the first time she has drunk coca-cola c. It’s the first time since she drank coca-cola d. It is time she drank coca-cola 15. He had done morning exercises before he had breakfast a. He would do morning exercises before he had breakfast b. After he had done morning exercises, he had breakfast c. After he did morning exercises, he had breakfast d. After he had done morning exercises, he was having breakfast 16. I have never read such a good book before. a. This is the first time I read a good book . b. This is the first time I have read a good book. c. This book is the best I have never read. d. This book is the best I read . 17. We had lunch and then went for a walk a. Before we had lunch, we would go for a walk b. After we had lunch, we went for a walk c. After we had had lunch, we went for a walk d. We went for a walk when we had lunch 18. How long have you learnt English? a. When did you learnt English? b. When did you learn English? c. How long is it since you learnt English? d. b & c are correct 19. I’ve never met such an intelligent woman a. This is the first time I haven’t met such an intelligent woman b. It is the first time I’ve ever met such an intelligent woman c. It is the most intelligent woman I’ve ever met d. b & c are correct 20. I have never read such an interesting novel before. a. This is the first time I have read such an interesting novel b. This novel is the best I have ever read c. This is the first time I read such an interesting novel d. This is the best novel that I read 21. It’s the coldest winter they’ve ever had a. They’ve ever had such a cold winter b. They’ve ever had such cold winter c. They’ve never had such cold winter d. This is the first time they had such cold winter 22. They travelled across India, and then flew on to Japan a. After they had travelled across India, they flew on to Japan b. Before they had flown on to Japan, they travelled across India c. Before they flew on to Japan, they had travelled across India. d. a & c are correct A. SENTENCE COMBINATION. ĐẢO NGỮ (INVERSIONS). 64
38. 1. Everyone started complaining the moment the announcement was made. A. No sooner did everyone start complaining than the announcement was made. B. As soon as the announcement made, everyone started complaining. C. No sooner had the announcement been made, everyone started complaining. D. Everyone started complaining that the announcement was made. 2. The worker only called off the strike after a new pay offer. A. Not until a new pay was offered, the workers called off the strike. B. The worker called off the strike only when a new pay offer. C. A new pay was offered, which made the strike call off. D. Not until a new pay was offered did the workers call off the strike. 3. My uncle didn't recognize me until I spoke. A. My uncle recognized me not until I spoke B. Not until I spoke did my uncle not recognize me. C. Not until I spoke did my uncle recognize me. D. Only when my uncle recognized me did I speak. 4. As soon as he arrived at the airport, he called home. A. He arrived at the airport sooner than he had expected. B. No sooner had he arrived at the airport than he called home. C. Calling home, he said that he had arrived at the airport. D. He arrived at the airport and called me to take him home. 5. Helen wrote a novel and made a cowboy film. A. Helen wrote not only a novel but also made a cowboy film. B. Helen both wrote a novel as well as made a cowboy film. C. Helen either wrote a novel or made a cowboy film. D. Not only did Helen write a novel but she also made a cowboy film. 6. Not until I met Jack did I get some news about you. A. I didn't get any news about you until I met Jack. B. Jack shouldn't have told me news about you. C. Until I met Jack I got some news about you. D. As soon as I got news about you, I met Jack. 7. It is rare that my sister goes to the cinema. A. My sister is rare of going to the cinema. B. Rarely does my sister go to the cinema. C. That my sister goes to the cinema rarely. D. Going to the cinema is rare to my sister. 8. Soon after they sold their house, they were offered a better price for it. A. No sooner they sold their house were they offered a better price for it. B. They were offered a better price for their house, and they sold it. C. They had no sooner sold their house than they were offered a better price for it. D. No sooner had they sold their house and they were offered a better price for it. 9. It was only when I left home that I realized the meaning of "family". A. I realized the meaning of "family" before I left home. B. Only when I left home I realized the meaning of "family". C. Not until I left home did I realize the meaning of "family". D. I didn't leave home until I realized the meaning of "family" 10. As soon as he waved his hand, she turned away. A. He saw her turn away and he waved his hand. B. No sooner had he waved his hand than she turned away. C. She turned away because he waved his hand too early. D. Although she turned away, he waved his hand. CONDITIONAL SENTENCES. Exercise 1. Choose the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions. 1. But for two minor mistakes, I would have got full marks for the test. A. If I didn‘t make two minor mistakes, I would have got full marks for the test. 65
39. B. I would have got full marks for the test if there hadn‘t been these two minor mistakes C. Had I made two minor mistakes, I would have got full marks for the test. D. If the mistakes hadn‘t been minor, I could have got full marks for the test. 2. Get in touch with me as soon as possible if you change your mind about the trip. A. Should you change your mind about the trip, contact me as soon as possible B. If you changed your mind about the trip, get in touch with me as soon as possible. C. You should call me whenever you changed your mind about the trip. D. Having changed your mind about the trip, you should get in touch with me soon 3. If it hadn‟t been for the go lkeeper, United would h ve lost. A. United didn‘t lose the game thanks to their goalkeeper. B. United lost the match because of their goalkeeper. C. Without their goalkeeper, United could have won D. If their goalkeeper didn‘t play so well, United would have lost. 4. Without his help, we would all die. A. We died because he didn‘t help us. B. He didn‘t help us, so we died. C. If it hadn‘t been for his help, we would all have died D. If he had helped us, we wouldn‘t have died. 5. Had the announcement been made earlier, more people would have attended the lecture. A. Not many people came to hear the lecture because it was held too late, B. The lecture was held earlier so that more people would attend C. Fewer people attended the lecture because of the early announcement. D. Since the announcement was not made earlier, fewer people came to hear the lecture. 6. But for Helen acting so wonderfully, the play would be a flop A. Helen acted so wonderfully, but the play was a flop. B. If it wasn‘t for Helen‘s wonderful acting, the play would be a flop C. The play was a flop although Helen acted so wonderfully. D. The play was a flop although Helen was such a wonderful actor. 7. Provided your handwriting is legible, the examiner will accept your answer. A. Although the examiner cannot read your handwriting, he will accept your answer, B. Whatever your handwriting, the examiner will accept your answer. C. The examiner will accept your answer if your handwriting is beautiful D. So long as the examiner can read your handwriting, he will accept your answer. 8. But for his f ther‟s e rly retirement, Rich rd would not h ve t ken over the family business. A. Richard only took over the family business because his father decided to retire early. B. Richard didn‘t take over the family business because his father didn‘t retire early C. His father retired early but he still ran the family business D. Richard‘s father didn‘t want him to take over the family business despite his retirement 9. Were it not for the money, the job wouldn‟t be worthwhile A. This job is not rewarding at all B. This job offers a poor salary C. Although the salary is poor, the job is worthwhile D. The only thing that makes this job worthwhile is the money. 10. You can stay in the flat for free if you pay the bills. A. Provided you pay the bills, you can stay in the flat for free. B. Without the bills paid, you can stay in the free flat. C. Unless the flat is free of bills, you cannot stay in it. D. Whether you pay the bills or stay in the flat, it is free. 11: She is now leading a normal life as a result of all the support she received from social workers. A. Had it not been for the social workers, she wouldn‘t be leading such a normal life now. B. Because she receives all the support from social workers, she is leading a normal life now C. If she didn‘t receive all the support from social workers, she wouldn‘t be leading a normal life now. 66
40. D. Had she not received so much support from social workers, she wouldn‘t be leading such a normal life now. 12. In my experiments, the liquid is cooled to 32ºF. It always freezes. A. If you cool the liquid to 32 degrees, it froze. B. If you cooled the liquid to 32 degrees, it would freeze. C. If you cool the liquid to 32 degrees, it will freeze. D. If you had cooled the liquid to 32 degrees, it would have frozen 67