Từ vựng - Ngữ pháp - Bài tập tiếng Anh 12 (theo Unit hệ 10 năm)

Nội dung text: Từ vựng - Ngữ pháp - Bài tập tiếng Anh 12 (theo Unit hệ 10 năm)

1. PART 1: VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR REVIEW A. VOCABULARY • talented /'tỉlənɪd/ (adj.): cĩ tài năng, cĩ khiếu. Ex: The kids at this school are all exceptionally talented in some way. • accomplished /ə'kɒmplɪʃt/ (adj.) (+ at/in): cĩ đầy đủ tài năng, hồn hảo, được giáo dục. Ex: He came to New York in 1976, already accomplished in English. • pioneer /ˌpaɪə'nɪə(r)/ (n.): người tiên phong, người đi đầu • be widely/ internationally recognized: được cơng nhận rộng rãi, được thế giới cơng nhận. • dedication /ˌdɛdɪ'keɪʃən/ (n.) (+ to): sự cống hiến Ex: There was no doubting Luke's dedication to the campaign. • be dedicated to V-ing/ noun phrase: tận tụy, tận tâm • respectable /rɪs'pɛktəbl/ (adj.): đáng kính trọng, đúng đắn • respectful /ris'pektful/ (adj): lễ phép, bày tỏ sự kính trọng, tơn kính (mơ tả hành động, sự việc) • distinguished /dɪs'tɪŋgwɪʃt/ (adj.): ưu tú, xuất sắc, lỗi lạc • generosity /ˌdʒɛnə'rɒsɪti/ (n.): sự hào phĩng • inspiration /ˌɪnspə'reɪʃən/ (n.): sự truyền cảm hứng, cảm hứng • strategist /'strỉtɪdʒɪst/ (n): nhà chiến lược • popularity /ˌpɒpjʊ'lỉrɪti/ (n.): sự nổi tiếng, tính phổ biến • influential /ˌɪnflʊ'ɛnʃəl/ (adj.): cĩ ảnh hưởng, cĩ thế lực • recognition /ˌrɛkəg'nɪʃən/ (n.): sự cơng nhận, sự được cơng nhận, thừa nhận • to win/ receive/ meet with recognition from the public: được mọi người thừa nhận • achievement /ə'tʃi:vmənt/ (n.): thành tựu, sự giành được, sự hồn thành • controversial /ˌkɒntrə'vɜ:ʃəl/ (adj.): gây tranh cãi • racial segregation /'reɪʃəl ˌsɛgrɪ' geɪʃən/: sự phân biệt chủng tộc • reach one's full potential: đạt được tiềm năng tối đa • a stroke of luck: một dịp may bất ngờ • reputation /ˌrɛpju(:)'teɪʃən/ (n.): danh tiếng, tiếng tăm • figure /'fɪgə/ (n.): nhân vật, biểu tượng • resort to (v.): dùng đến • take something/ somebody for granted: coi ai/ cái gì là hiển nhiên, sẵn cĩ • at the expense of: phải trả giá bằng • be committed to: tận tụy, bị giam giữ • be devoted to: tận tâm, cống hiến cho • distinctive /dɪs'tɪŋktɪv/ (adj.): đặc biệt, xuất sắc • epitome /ɪ'pɪtəmi/ (n.): tấm gương hồn hảo, hình mẫu hồn hảo • representative /ˌrɛprɪ'zɛntətɪv/ (n.): đại diện, hình mẫu • celebrated /'sɛlɪbreɪtɪd/ (adj.): nổi tiếng, trứ danh, lừng danh • exceptional /ɪk'sɛpʃənl/ (adj): khác thường, đặc biệt, ngoại lệ, hiếm cĩ • extraordinary /ɪks'trɔ:dnri/ (adj): lạ thường, đặc biệt • remarkable /rɪ'mɑ:kəb1/ (adj.): xuất sắc, đặc biệt, đáng chú ý • spectacular /spɛk'tỉkjʊlə/ (adj.): đẹp mắt, ngoạn mục, thu hút sự chú ý • profound /prə'faʊnd/ (adj.): phức tạp, sâu sắc B. GRAMMAR REVIEW I. A/AN/THE • A/an/the là những từ hết sức quen thuộc trong tiếng Anh, chúng được gọi là mạo từ. Cĩ 2 loại mạo từ: mạo từ khơng xác định và mạo từ xác định. 1. Cách dùng mạo từ khơng xác định “a” và “an”.
2. • Dùng “a” hoặc “an” trước một danh từ số ít đếm được. Chúng cĩ nghĩa là một. Chúng được dùng trong câu cĩ tính khái quát hoặc đề cập đến một chủ thể chưa được đề cập từ trước. Ex: - A ball is round (nghĩa chung, khái quát, chỉ tất cả các quả bĩng): Quả bĩng hình trịn. - He has seen a girl (chúng ta khơng biết cơ gái nào, chưa được đề cập trước đĩ): Anh ấy vừa mới gặp một cơ gái. a. Dùng "an” trước: - Quán từ "an" được dùng trước các từ bắt đầu bằng nguyên âm (trong cách phát âm, chứ khơng phải trong cách viết). Bao gồm: - Các từ bắt đầu bằng các nguyên âm “a, e, i, o”. Ví dụ: an apple (một quả táo), an orange (một quả cam). - Một số từ bắt đầu bằng “u”: Ví dụ: an umbrella (một cái ơ) - Một số từ bắt đầu bằng “h” câm: Ví dụ: an hour (một tiếng) - Các từ mở đầu bằng một chữ viết tắt: an S.O.S/ an M.P b. Dùng "a" trước: - Dùng “a” trước các từ bắt đầu bằng một phụ âm. Chúng bao gồm các chữ cái cịn lại và một số trường hợp bắt đầu bằng "u, y, h". Ex: A house (một ngơi nhà), a year (một năm), a uniform (một bộ đồng phục) - Đứng trước một danh từ mở đầu bằng "uni " và "eu" phải dùng "a": Ví dụ: a university (trường đại học), a union (tổ chức), a culogy (lời ca ngợi). - Dùng trong các thành ngữ chỉ số lượng nhất định như: a lot of/ a great deal of/ a couple/ a dozen. Ex: I want to buy a dozen eggs. (Tơi muốn mua 1 tả trứng.) - Dùng trước những số đếm nhất định thường là hàng ngàn, hàng trăm như: a/ one hundred - a/ one thousand. Ex: My school has a thousand students. (Trường của tơi cĩ một nghìn học sinh.) - Dùng trước “half” (một nửa) khi nĩ theo sau một đơn vị nguyên vẹn: a kilo hay a half, hay khi nĩ đi ghép với một danh từ khác để chỉ nửa phần (khi viết cĩ dấu gạch nối): a half - share, a half - holiday (ngày lễ chỉ nghỉ nửa ngày). Ex: My mother bought a half kilo of apples. (Mẹ tơi mua nửa cân táo.) - Dùng với các đơn vị phân số như : 1/3 ( a/ one third), 1/5 (a/ one fifth), 1/4 (a quarter) Ex: I get up at a quarter past six. (Tơi thức dậy lúc 6 giờ 15 phút.) - Dùng trong các thành ngữ chỉ giá cả, tốc độ, tỉ lệ: a dollar, a kilometer, an hour, 4 times a day Ex: John goes to work four times a week. (John đi làm 4 lần 1 tuần.) 2. Cách dùng mạo từ xác định “the” • Dùng “the” trước một danh từ đã được xác định cụ thể về mặt tính chất, đặc điểm, vị trí hoặc đã được đề cập đến trước đĩ, hoặc những khái niệm phổ thơng, ai cũng biết. Ex: - The man next to Lin is my friend. (Trong câu này cả người nĩi và người nghe đều biết đĩ là người đàn ơng nào). Người đàn ơng bên cạnh Lin là bạn của tơi. - The sun is big. (Mặt trời chỉ cĩ một). Mặt trời rất lớn. • Với danh từ khơng đếm được, dùng “the” nếu nĩi đến một vật cụ thể, khơng dùng “the” nếu nĩi chung. Ex: - Chili is very hot. (Chỉ các loại ớt nĩi chung). Ớt rất cay. - The chili on the table has been bought. (Cụ thể là ớt ở trên bàn) Ớt ở trên bàn vừa mới được mua. • Với danh từ đếm được số nhiều, khi chúng cĩ nghĩa đại diện chung cho một lớp các vật cùng loại thì cũng khơng dùng "the". Ex: Students should do homework before going to school. (Học sinh nĩi chung) Học sinh nên làm bài tập về nhà trước khi đến trường. II. REVIEW THE SIMPLE PAST & PAST CONTINUOUS. 1. Simple past (Quá khứ đơn) a. Với động từ "to be": (+) S + was/ were + O
3. (-) S + wasn't/ weren't + O (?) Was/ were (not) + S + O? b. Với động từ “to do”: (+) S + Ved + O (-) S + didn't + V + O (?) Did (not) + S + V + O? Uses (Cách sử dụng) • Điều tra hành động đã xảy ra và chấm dứt hồn tồn trong quá khứ. Ex: - I saw a movie yesterday. - Last year, I traveled to Japan. • Diễn tà một chuỗi các hành động liên tiếp xảy ra trong quá khứ. Ex: - I finished work, walked to the beach and found a nice place to swim. - Did you add flour, pour the milk and then add the eggs? c. Adverds (Trạng ngữ nhận biết) • Yesterday, ago, upon a time, in 1945 (in a specific year in the past ), last d. Một số lưu ý đối với thi quá khứ đơn: • Quy tắc thêm “ed” với động từ thường: Hầu hết động từ được thêm "ed" để biến thành động từ dạng quá khứ. Ex: work - worked, visit - visited • Một vài động từ kết thúc bằng phụ âm "y" thì biến "y" thành "i" rồi thêm "ed" để biến thành dạng động từ quá khứ. Ex: study - studied, carry - carried • Một vài động từ cĩ dạng 1:1:1 (1 phụ âm + 1 nguyên âm + 1 phụ âm) thì ta gấp đơi phụ âm cuối rồi thêm "ed". Ex: plan - planned, fit - fitted * Cách phát âm đối với động từ cĩ đuơi “ed”: Đúng nhất: Theo phiên âm quốc tế, khi -ED đứng sau các âm sau sẽ được phát âm như sau: Phát âm của -ED Các âm trước -ED /ɪd/ /t/ /d/ /t/ /k/ /f/ /p/ /ʃ/ /tʃ/ /s/ /t/ /θ/ /d/ Các nguyên âm và phụ âm cịn lại Mẹo vặt: (Khơng đúng 100%): Theo hình vị tự: Phát âm của -ED Các âm trước -ED /ɪd/ t d /t/ P x ce f ch sh *gh s *th ph k /d/ Các nguyên âm và phụ âm cịn lại Ex: /ɪd/ wanted, needed, demanded, suggested, mended, hated, visited, /t/ walked, liked, stopped, raped, washed, watched, laughed, sentenced, rated, breathed, stated, looked, cooked, sniffed, missed, mixed /d/ played, studied, changed, matched, decreed, Note: • Khi *th phát âm là /θ/ thì -ed mới phát âm là /t/ như breathed, • Khi *th phát âm là /ð/ thì -ed cĩ phát âm là /d/ như bathed, • Khi *gh phát âm là /f/ thi -ed phát âm là /t/ như laughed, coughed, • Khi *gh là âm câm thi -ed phát âm là /d/ như ploughed, • Nguyên âm + S + ED thì -ed thường được phát âm là /d/ như praised, chased, raised
4. Ngoại lệ: - Một số tỉnh từ sau cĩ cách phát âm của -ed là /ɪd/: naked /'neɪkɪd/, learned /'lə:nɪd/, aged /eɪdʒɪd/, beloved /bɪ'lʌvɪd/, blessed /'blesɪd/, crooked /'krʊkɪd/, ragged /'rỉɡɪd/, sacred /'seɪkrɪd/, wretched /'retʃɪd/, - Phần ngoại lệ: Cĩ một chữ cĩ -ed tận cùng được phát âm là /əd/. Chữ đĩ là hundred /'hʌndrəd/ 2. Past continuous (Quá khứ tiếp diễn) a. Form (+) S + was/ were + V-ing +O (-) S + wasn't/ weren't + V-ing + O (?) Was/ were (not) + S + V-ing + O? b. Uses (Cách sử dụng) • Diễn tả hành động đang xảy ra tại 1 thời điểm xác định trong quá khứ. Ex: I was sleeping at 12 o'clock last night. • Diễn tả một hành động đang xảy ra thì một hành động khác xen vào hành động đang xảy ra dùng QKTD; hành động xen vào dùng QKĐ. Ex: I was studying when he came in. • Diễn tả nhiều hành động xảy ra đồng thời trong quá khứ (đi với while). Ex: Yesterday evening, my mother was cooking while my father was reading books. c. Advs (Trạng ngữ nhận biết) At (specific time) From to last night yesterday, one year ago At this/ that time At the moment Past simple While/ When Past continuous Past continuous d. Những động từ khơng chia ở các thì tiếp diễn: Một số động từ chỉ cảm xúc (like, love ) hay (know, believe, want) khơng được chia các thì tiếp diễn (kể cả hiện tại tiếp diễn hay quá khứ tiếp diễn). Verbs of thinking believe, doubt, guess, imagine, know, realize, suppose, understand. Verbs of the senses hear, smell, sound, taste. Verbs of possession belong to have (meaning possess), own, possess. Verbs of emotion dislike, hate, like, love, prefer, regret, want, wish. Verbs of appearance appear, seem. Others contain, depend on, include, involve, mean, measure, weigh, require. Ex: Jane was being at my house when you arrived. Jane was at my house when you arrived. PART 2: PRACTICE A. PHONETICS I. Find the word which has a different sound in the part underlined. 1. A. accident B. jazz C. stamps D. watch 2. A. this B. thick C. maths D. thin 3. A gas B. gain C. germ D. goods 4. A. bought B. nought C. plough D. thought 5. A. spear B. gear C. fear D. pear II. Choose the word which has a different stress pattern from the others. 1. A. remember B. influence C. expression D. convenient 2. A. medium B. computer C. formation D. connection 3. A. national B. cultural C. popular D. musician
5. 4. A. successful B. humorous C. arrangement D. attractive 5. A. construction B. typical C. glorious D. purposeful B. VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR I. Choose the correct words in the box to complete the sentences. widely related master inequality movement accomplished pioneer increasingly 1. Hughes is one of the most ___ accomplished ___ writers in American 20 literary history? 2. Albert Einstein was essentially all ___ related __ to science meanwhile Leonardo Da Vinci was a __ master __ at art, architecture, invention, and several other areas. 3. Han Mac Tu was part of the new poetic ___ movement ___ in Vietnam at the beginning of the 20th century. 4. Han Mac Tu is considered a ___ pioneer ___ of romantic poetry in Vietnam. 5. During his time at University, Nelson Mandela became ___ increasingly ___ aware of the racial ___ inequality ___ and injustice faced by non-white people. 6. Steve Jobs is ___ widely ___ recognized as a pioneer in the field of microcomputer revolution. II. Give the correct form of the words in the following sentences. 1. He was the most ___talented___ football player that our school had produced in years His talent for football was great. TALENT 2. Do you know Professor Phan Huy Le whose great ___achievement___ was his books on the history of Vietnam in the 19th century? ACHIEVE 3. He wishes to straighten up and lead a ___respectable___ life. RESPECT 4. His career as a journalist was full of ___distinguished___ achievements. He was a respected and admired journalist. DISTINGUISH 5. To be successful takes hard work and ___dedication___. DEDICATE 6. Doing things with ___generosity___ will give us true happiness. The more we give away, the happier we are. GENEROUS 7. Tran Hung Dao was a great ___strategist___ to lure the enemy to enter deeply into his land, then attacked to destroy them. STRATEGY 8. Mother Teresa was a living saint who offered a great example and ___inspiration___ to the world. INSPIRE 9. Zuckerberg was forced to shut his website down, but its immense ___popularity___ and controversy had made him consider its future potential. POPULAR 10. As the principal founder of Microsoft, Bill Gates is one of the most ___influential___ and richest people on the planet. INFLUENCE 11. If Presley was considered a ___controversial___ and a rebellious figure, it just made him more popular with young listeners. CONTROVERSY 12. Stephen William Hawking got more ___recognition___ for his research and discoveries through his print and TV interviews. RECOGNINZE III. Indicate the correct answer to complete each of the following questions. 1. At his first school, Mark Zuckerberg ___ in all subjects and worked hard throughout his classes. A. interested B. excelled C. engrossed D. involved 2. His incredible performance during high school ___ him admission to Harvard University. A. earned B. attained C. resorted D. applied 3. Mother Teresa suffered various health problems, but nothing could ___ her from fulfilling her mission of serving the poor and needy. A. persuade B. warn C. appoint D. dissuade 4. In 1979, Mother Teresa was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for work undertaken in the ___ to overcome poverty and distress.
6. A. battle B. struggle C. movement D. proposal 5. At the age of 18, Mother Teresa was ___ permission to join a group of nuns in Ireland. A. required B. sought C. obtained D. given 6. Nelson Mandela was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1993 for his work in helping to end racial ___ in South Africa A. integration B. segregation C. achievement D. exploitation 7. Princess Diana fought for her children on any level so they could reach their full ___ as human beings and in their public duties. A. requirement B. condition C. capacity D. potential 8. Meeting my favorite celebrity at the airport was certainly a ___ of luck that wouldn't have happened if I'd arrived five minutes later. A. number B. piece C. stroke D. name 9. Steve Jobs might hardly imagine that only a year later the company ___ impressive victory with Apple II, one of the first highly successful ___ personal computer. A. attain / massly-produced B. see / mass-produced C. taste / massive produced D. achieve / mass-producing 10. Ms. May, 59 years old, is the country's longest-serving home secretary in half a century, with a ___ for seriousness, hard work and above all, determination. A. fame B. reputation C. achievement D. maintenance 11. Theresa May is one of a growing number of women in traditionally ___ British politics rising to the upper position of leadership. A. male-dominated B. man-domination C. male-dominating D. man-dominatedly 12. Marilyn Monroe is widely ___ as one of most influential figures in American culture. A. classified B. depicted C. admired D. regarded 13. May's sports hero was Geoffrey Boycott, a solid, stubborn cricketer who ___ in playing the long game. A. qualified B. specialized C. engrossed D. indulged 14. Like many other Britain's prime ministers, May ___ a place at Oxford. A. admitted B. permitted C. won D. constituted 15. She has been quite critical ___ the media focusing on her fashion instead of her achievement as a politician. A. with B. for C. of D. in 16. Marilyn Monroe was ___ for Golden Globe Best Actress Award for Bus Stop (1956). A. offered B. nominated C. awarded D. rewarded 17. Marilyn Monroe ___ to a heavy drug use, which had a damaging impact ___ both her mental and physical health. A. resorted - on B. abused - in C. overexploited - to D. related - for 18. Their family were wealthy but they encouraged their children to work hard and take nothing ___. A. for sure B. for good C. for granted D. for charge 19. When Bill Gates saw an opportunity to found his own company, he dropped ___ Harvard without finishing his course. A. into B. by C. around D. out of 20. Despite the pervasive press intrusions into her private life, Princess Diana remained very popular because people could identify ___ her. A. in B. for C. with D. as 21. Elvis was ___ shy and as a youngster was not keen on performing in public. A. relatively B. respectively C. virtually D. almost 22. As a teenager, he was uninterested in school - but became ___ in music, listening to a huge ___ of contemporary American music.
7. A. bored - amount B. reluctant - diversity C. reckless - type D. absorbed - range 23. Elvis Presley was ___ for the idea that rock 'n' roll music was having a negative effect on American teenagers. A. accused B. convicted C. criticized D. charged 24. If Presley was considered a controversial and a rebellious ___, it just made him more popular with young listeners. A. creator B. figure C. character D. celebration 25. Darwin was ___ a place on the HMS Beagle to act as a natural scientist on a voyage to the coast of South America. A. won B. gained C. offered D. admitted 26. Influenced by the work of Malthus, Darwin came ___ a theory of natural selection and gradual evolution over time. A. off B. into C. out D. up with 27. In the struggle for survival, the fittest win out at the ___ of their rivals because they succeed in adapting themselves best ___ their environment A. expense - to B. cost - for C. expenditure - of D. stake - to 28. Van Gogh played a ___ role in the development of modern art. A. worthless B. valueless C. key D. minor 29. Van Gogh was ___ to a lunatic asylum where he would spend time on and off until his death in 1890. A. related B. referred C. adapted D. committed 30. Oprah Winfrey has played a key role in modern American life, shaping cultural ___ and promoting various liberal causes. A. values B. trends C. potentials D. prosperity IV. Indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions. 1. His early death only cemented his legendary status, and Elvis Presley has become deeply ingrained in popular culture. A. engrossed B. indulged C. deep-rooted D. supreme 2. A distinctive feature of Trump's business and real estate ventures has been the prominent use of his own name. A. characteristic B. general C. common D. superficial 3. Mother Teresa was a Roman Catholic nun who devoted her life to serving the poor and destitute around the world. A. committed B. dedicated C. committed D. attended 4. Marilyn Monroe has become an iconic representative of fame and female beauty. A. figure B. image C. typical D. idol 5. Marilyn Monroe was an epitome of sensuality, beauty and effervescence and was naturally photogenic. A. frame B. indicator C. instructor D. figure 6. Despite the media often being dismissive of Monroe's potential, her efforts to improve acting paid off. A. failed B. broke down C. managed D. met with success 7. Margaret Thatcher was known for her tough uncompromising conservative political views, and became dubbed as ‘The Iron Lady’. A. reserved B. inflexible C. narrow-minded D. compatible 8. He is commonly referred to as the "The King of Rock 'n' Roll" and epitomizes the post-war pop generation A. be representative of B. leads C. elaborates D. expands on 9. Leonardo da Vinci created rare masterpieces of art such as The Mona Lisa' and ‘The Last Supper’. A. worthless works of art B. invaluable property C. excellent qualifications D. excellent works of art
8. 10. Da Vinci studied all aspects of life and his far-reaching investigations and discoveries sought to show an underlying unity of the universe. A. insignificant B. finite C. extensive D. excessive V. Indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions. 1. Da Vinci from an early age began to display his remarkable academic and artistic talents. A. striking B. extraordinary C. run-of-the-mill D. exceptional 2. Joachim Lafosse confirms his exceptional talent with "Free Student", a film that is more conventional in its form. A. out of the ordinary B. abnormal C. usual D. odd 3. Van Gogh became one of the most celebrated artists of the twentieth century. A. admired B. honored C. acclaimed D. obscure 4. Michael stood out for his exceptional enthusiasm and soft, infectious musical voice. A. attract attention B. be inconspicuous C. be conspicuous D. stick out a mile 5. In recent years, Madonna has continued to tour, release albums and engage in humanitarian work. A. throw oneself into B. become uninvolved in C. have a hand in D. take part in 6. Henry VIII was equally notorious for his six marriages and several scandalous love affairs. A. anonymous B. infamous C. celebrated D. ill-famed 7. The works Da Vinci did finish were often spectacular masterpieces, such as his paintings The Last Supper and The Mona Lisa. A. magnificent B. out of this world C. unimpressive D. remarkable 8. The death of Diana princess had a profound impact on the British public and those in other countries. A. far-reaching B. superficial C. deep-seated D. heartfelt VI. Put the verb in the past simple tense or the past continuous. 1. When I (arrive) ___arrived___ at this house, he still (sleep) ___was still sleeping___. 2. The light (go) ___went___ out while we (have) ___were having___ dinner. 3. Bill (have) ___was having___ breakfast when I (stop) ___stopped___ at this house this morning. 4. She (wash) ___was washing___ up when Tam (arrive) ___arrived___ at this house. 5. As we (cross) ___were crossing___ the Street, we (see) ___saw___ an accident. 6. Tom (see) ___saw___ a serious accident while he (stand) ___was standing___ at the bus stop. 7. The children (play) ___were playing___ football when their mother (come) ___came___ back home. 8. The bell (ring) ___rang___ while Tom (take) ___was taking___ a bath. 9. He (sit) ___was sitting___ in a car when I (see) ___saw___ him. 10. We (clean) ___were cleaning___ the house when she (come) ___came___ yesterday. VII. Add "A/ AN/ THE/ X" to each of the following sentences. 1. He made his first attempt to engage in sporting activities four years ago with __the__ support of his family. 2. He was __the__ most talented football player that our school had produced in years. His talent for ___x___ football was great. 3. He did __the__ Black Mountain hike with his friends, but had to check his blood glucose levels every four hours. 4. Do you know Professor Phan Huy Le whose great achievement was his books on ___ the ___ history of Viet Nam in ___ the ___ 19th century? 5. ___ the ___ following year, he took part in ___ the __ Melbourne Sunset run to raise funds for __ an ___ orphanage. 6. He wishes to straighten up and lead ___a___ respectable life. He would like to be socially acceptable due to his good behavior. 7. He had to brake hard to avoid hitting ___ the ___ truck in front.
9. 8. Doing things with generosity will give us ___x___ true happiness. ___ the ___ more we give away, ___ the ___ happier we are. 9. His career as ___a___ journalist was full of distinguished achievements. He was __a_ respected and admired journalist. 10. Five years ago, when Edward was 35 years old, he was diagnosed with ___x___ diabetes. VIII. Choose the best answer A, B, C or D to complete the sentences. 1. She has read ___ interesting book. A. a B. an C. the D. X 2. You'll get ___ shock if you touch ___ live wire with that screwdriver. A. an/ the B. x/ the C. a/ a D. an/ the 3. Mr. Smith is ___ old customer and ___ honest man. A. An/ the B. the/ an C. an/ an D. the/ the 4. I first met her four years ago when we ___ at a middle school. A. had been studying B. are studying C. have been studying D. were studying 5. This school has an excellent ___ in the community. A. image B. reputation C. name D. opinion 6. ___ youngest boy has just started going to ___ school. A. a/ x B. x/ the C. an/ x D. the/ x 7. Do you go to ___ prison to visit him? A. the B. a C. x D. an 8. The boys broke a window when they ___ football. A. played B. were playing C. half played D. are playing 9. In spite of having a peasant ___, Nguyen Hue had proved that he was really an excellent general, only gained victories. A. situation B. experience C. condition D. background 10. As well as being a successful actor, Clint Eastwood is a ___ film director. A. talent B. talented C. distinguish D. respectful 11. I ___ about him when suddenly he came in. A. talk B. talked C. am talking D. was talking 12. At first, Microsoft had ___ hyphen in the name "Micro-soft", ___ combination of microcomputer and ___ software. A. a - the - a B. a - a - X C. the - the - X D. X - a - the 13. Le Loi used the ___ war, moving from little to large scale. A. mid-term B. short-term C. long-term D. half term 14. Last night at this time, they ___ the same thing. She ___ and he ___ the newspaper. A. are doing/ is cooking/ is reading B. were doing/ was cooking/ was reading C. was doing/ has cooked/ is reading D. had done/ was cooking/ read 15. When Carol ___ last night, I ___ my favorite show on television. A. was calling/ watched C. called/ was watching B. called/ have watched D. had called/ watched IX. Choose the word or phrase among A, B, C or D that needs correction. 1. The shortage of cooking gas in North Korea raised prices: an example of how the law of supply and demand also apply to planned economies. A. The shortage of B. raised C. an example of D. apply 2. In the latter half of the nineteenth century, physical techniques making it possible to determine the chemical constitution of stars. A. latter half B. making it C. to determine D. of stars
10. 3. In 1997, molecular biologist L. Mark Lagrimini of Ohio State University cloned the gene in that codes for a type of peroxidase found in tobacco plants. A. In B. in that C. a type of D. found 4. Alpine Sainte nards are too good at following the scent of humans, even in snow, that they are used by ski patrols as rescue dogs. A. too B. following C. used D. as 5. Booker T. Washington, head of the first industrial school for African Americans, was as popular with Southerners than he was with Northerners. A. first industrial B. was C. popular with D. than he X. Indicate the correct response to each of the following exchanges. 1. "How do you like your steak done?" – “___.” A. I don't like it B. Very little C. Well done D. Very much 2. "Oops! I'm sorry for stepping on your foot" – “___.” A. Never mind B. You don't mind C. You're welcome D. That's fine 3. Anne: "Fancy a bite to eat?" - Barbara: “___” A. No thanks, I've just had some. B. No thanks, I've just had something. C. No thanks, I'm not neatly very thirsty. D. No thanks, I'm trying to give up. 4. Receptionist: "Good morning." - Chris: "Good morning. I've come to ___ Mrs. Dabria." A. see B. visit C. do business with D. hold a talk with 5. Arm and Mary are studying in their classroom. Ann: "Can I borrow your dictionary?" – Mary: “___” A. I'm afraid I can't B. Here you are! C. I think so. D. It doesn't matter. 6. Jack and Joe are discussing how to make salad for dinner. Jack: “___” - Joe: “How about putting some grapes in it, instead?” A. We could fry some onions with it too. B. I'd rather just have some bread, thanks. C. Let's put some pieces of apple in the salad. D. Good idea! I'll go and make one. 7. - Would you mind lending me you bike?" – “___.” A. Yes. Here it is B. Not at all C. Great D. Yes, let's 8. Havy: "Thanks for your help, Judy." - Judy: “___.” A. With all my heart B. Never remind me C. It's my pleasure D. Wish you C. READING I. Choose the word or phrase from the box that best fits the blank space in the following passage. milestones prolific like won funded breakthroughs making revolutionary Elon Musk is one of the greatest and most (1) ___ prolific ___ modern inventors and is responsible for monumental advancements in futuristic technology (2) ___ like ___ renewable energy and space travel. Many of his innovations seem to be right out of a science-fiction movie, but throughout his career he has brought about huge scientific (3) ___ breakthroughs ___. After (4) ___ making ___ his first fortune from the internet payment service 'PayPal', he invested $100 million in his space travel company, 'SpaceX' and began building satellites, launch vehicles and other spacecraft both for NASA and for his own company, creating new (5) ___ milestones ___ with his privately (6) ___ funded ___ spacecraft. Many of his (7) ___ revolutionary ___ ideas and inventions focus on space travel, renewable energy, commercial electric cars and other technologies, that look to a future where fossil fuels and other resources may be in shorter supply. His futuristic and visionary ideas have (8) ___ won ___ him both scientific and philanthropic recognition and awards. II. Choose the word or phrase among A, B, C or D that best fits the blank space in the following passage. Gia Long was the first emperor of the Nguyen dynasty as well as the (1) ___ father of the modern nation of Vietnam. Born as Nguyen Phuc Anh, he was the nephew of the last Nguyen lord who ruled over
11. southern Vietnam. (2) ___ being born into a royal family, he had to (3) ___ many difficulties in his early life as he became the (4) ___ of rival groups who attempted to (5) ___ the Nguyen clan completely. After the deaths of his father and uncle at the hands of the rival leaders, Nguyen Phuc Anh fled to the southern coastal tip of Vietnam where (6) ___ he met a French priest, Pigneau de Behaine, who would (7) ___ become his trusted adviser and play a major role in his (8) ___ to power. He escaped with the help of the priest and later on sought aid from the French in his struggle (9) ___ his rivals. (10) ___ the help of the French, and equipped with (11) ___ European armaments, he was (12) ___ in securing victories over his rivals. 1. A. found B. founded C. founding D. founder 2. A. Because of B. In view of C. Despite of D. In spite of 3. A. encounter B. face up C. manage D. get by 4. A. shield B. target C. purpose D. destination 5. A. wipe off B. wipe out C. kill up D. destroy 6. A. by chance B. on occasion C. on purpose D. at stake 7. A. at last B. especially C. specially D. eventually 8. A. raise B. arise C. rise D. rising 9. A. for B. against C. off D. at 10. A. With B. Without C. But for D. Thanks 11. A. advance B. advances C. advanced D. advancing 12. A. engaged B. involved C. successful D. attended III. Read the passage, and choose the correct answer A, B, C or D for each question. William Sydney Porter (1862-1910), who wrote under the pseudonym of O. Henry, was born in North Carolina. His only formal education was to attend his Aunt Lina's school until the age of fifteen, where he developed his lifelong love of books. By 1881 he was a licensed pharmacist. However, within a year, on the recommendation of a medical colleague of his Father's, Porter moved to La Salle County in Texas for two years herding sheep. During this time, Webster's Unabridged Dictionary was his constant companion, and Porter gained a knowledge of ranch life that he later incorporated into many of his short stories. He then moved to Austin for three years, and during this time the first recorded use of his pseudonym appeared, allegedly derived from his habit of calling "Oh, Henry' to a family cat. In 1887, Porter man Athol Estes. He worked as a draftsman, then as a bank teller for the First National Bank. In 1894 Porter founded his own humor weekly, the "Rolling Stone", a venture that failed within a year, and later wrote a column for the Houston Daily Post. In the meantime, the First National Bank was examined, and the subsequent indictment of 1886 stated that Porter had embezzled funds. Porter then fled to New Orleans, and later to Honduras, leaving his wife and child in Austin. He returned in 1897 because of his wife's continued ill-health, however she died six months later. Then, in 1898 Porter was found guilty and sentenced to five years imprisonment in Ohio. At the age of thirty five, he entered prison as a defeated man; he had lost his job, his home, his wife, and finally his freedom. He emerged from prison three years later, reborn as O. Henry, the pseudonym he now used to hide his true identity. He wrote at least twelve stories in jail, and after re-gaining his freedom, went to New York City, where he published more than 300 stories and gained fame as America's favorite short Story writer. Porter married again in 1907, but after months of poor health, he died in New York City at the age of forty-eight in 1910. O. Henry's stories have been translated all over the world. 1. According to the passage, Porter's Father was ___. A. the person who gave him a life-long love of books B. a medical doctor C. a licensed pharmacist D. responsible for his move to La Salle County in Texas 2. Why did the author write the passage? A. to outline the career of a famous American B. because of his fame as America's favorite short story writer
12. C. because it is a tragic story of a gifted writer D. to outline the influences on O. Henry's writing 3. The word "imprisonment" in paragraph 2 is closet in meaning to ___. A. captivity B. escape C. insult D. punishment 4. What is the passage primarily about? A. The life and career of William Sydney Porter B. The way to adopt a nickname. C. O. Henry's influence on American literature. D. The adventures of O. Henry. 5. The author implies which of the following is true? A. Porter's wife might have lived longer if he had not left her in Austin when he fled. B. Porter was in poor health throughout his life. C. O. Henry is as popular in many other countries as he is in America D. Porter would probably have written less stories if he had not been in prison for three years. 6. Which of the following is true, according to the passage? A. Porter left school at 15 to become a pharmacist B. Porter wrote a column for the Houston Daily Post called "Rolling Stone". C. The first recorded use of his pseudonym was in Austin D. Both of Porter's wives died before he died 7. The word "pseudonym" in the passage refers to ___. A. William Sydney Porter B. O. Henry C. Athol Estes D. the Aunt Lina IV. Read the passage, and choose the correct answer A, B, C or D for each question. A large number of inventions require years of arduous research and development before they are perfected. For instance, Thomas Edison had to make more than 1,000 attempts to invent the incandescent light bulb before he finally succeeded. History is replete with numerous other examples of people trying, yet failing to make inventions before they eventually succeeded. Yet some inventions have come about not through hard work but simply by accident in most cases, when someone unintentionally invented something, the inventor was attempting to create something else. For example, in the 1930s, chemist Roy Plunkett was attempting to make a new substance that could be used to refrigerate items. He mixed some chemicals together. Then, he put them into a pressurized container and cooled the mixture. By the time his experiment was complete, he had a new invention. It was not a new substance that could be used for refrigeration though. Instead, he had invented Teflon, which is today most commonly used to make nonstick pots and pans. Similarly, decades earlier, John Pemberton was a pharmacist in Atlanta, Georgia. He was attempting to create a tonic that people could use whenever they had headaches. While he was not successful in that endeavor, he managed to invent Coca-Cola, the world - famous carbonated soft drink. Scientists have also made crucial discoveries by accident when they were conducting experiments. In 1928, Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin, an antibiotic in this manner. He discovered some mold growing in a dish with some bacteria. He noticed that the bacteria seemed to be avoiding the mold. When he investigated further, he determined some of the many useful properties of penicillin, which has saved millions of lives over the past few decades. Likewise, in 1946, scientist Percy Spencer was conducting an experiment with microwaves. He had a candy bar in his pocket, and he noticed that it suddenly melted. He investigated and learned the reason why that had happened. Soon afterward, he built a device that could utilize microwaves to heat food, the microwave oven. 1: Which title best summarizes the main idea of the passage ___. A. History's Most Important Inventions B. Accidental Inventions and Discoveries C. How to Become a Great Inventor D. You Don't Always Get What You Want 2: In paragraph 1, the word "arduous" is closest in meaning to ___. A. detailed B. tough C. specific D. constant 3: In paragraph 2, the word "endeavor" is closest in meaning to ___. A. research B. dream C. request D. attempt
13. 4: What does the author say about Teflon? A. People first used it as a refrigeration device. B. It was created many years before Coca-Cola. C. The man who made it was a pharmacist. D. It is used for kitchenware nowadays. 5: Who was John Pemberton? A. The person who made Teflon B. The creator of Coca-Cola C. The man who discovered penicillin D. The inventor of the microwave 6: The author uses Alexander Fleming as an example of ___. A. one of the most famous inventors in history B. a person who made an accidental scientific discovery C. someone who became a millionaire from his invention D. a man who dedicated his life to medical science 7: What does the author imply about penicillin? A. Doctors seldom use it nowadays. B. Some people are not affected by it. C. It is an invaluable medical supply. D. Mold combines with bacteria to make it. D. WRITING I. Indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions. 1. Only with careful environmental planning can we protect the world in which we live. A. Careful environmental planning protects the world we live in. B. Planning the environment carefully, we can protect the world in which we live. C. Protecting the world we live in, we plan the environment carefully. D. We can protect the world we live in only with careful environmental planning. 2. You should take regular exercises instead of sitting in front of the television all day. A. Taking regular exercises is better than sitting in front of the television all day. B. Sitting in front of the television all day helps you take regular exercises. C. Sitting in front of the television all day and taking exercises are advisable. D. Don't take regular exercises, just sit in front of the television all day. 3. Wouldn't it be better to let them know about the alternations to the plan? A. Why haven't they have been informed about the new development? B. Shouldn't they have been consulted before the scheme was changed? C. Don't they think they should be informed about the changes in the plan? D. We'd better ask them to change the plan, hadn't we? 4. Don't take any notice of all his complaints about his health; there's nothing wrong with him. A. You can ignore all his talk of being ill; he's actually perfectly healthy. B. Try to avoid the subject of his health as I am tired of hearing all about his complaints. C. Don't listen to him talking about his health; it's his favorite subject. D. If you let him, he would talk only about his ill-health though actually he is quite healthy. 5. We had planned to walk right round the lake, but the heavy rain made this impossible. A. In spite of the heavy rain we managed to walk half way round the lake as planned. B. The heavy rain nearly prevented us from walking right round the lake. C. We would have walked right round the lake even if it had rained heavily. D. If it hadn't rained so heavily, we would have walked right round the lake. 6. There won't be peace in the conflict if both sides do not really desire it. A. It is only if both sides actually want the conflict to end peacefully that it will happen. B. As both sides in the conflict apparently desire peace, it is likely that there will be peace soon. C. The main problem in the conflict seems to be that neither side really desires peace. D. There has been a lot of fighting in the conflict because both sides seem to want it that way.
14. 7. The accident happened as a result of the driver's not paying attention to the road. A. If the driver would have paid attention to the road, the accident hadn't happened. B. Had the driver been paid attention to the road, the accident wouldn't have happened. C. If the driver had been paying attention to the road, the accident wouldn't have happened. D. Had the accident not happened, the driver would not have had to pay attention to the road. 8. "Shall I help you do the dishes, Carlo?" said Robert. A. Robert suggested helping Carlo with the dishes. B. Robert suggested to help Carlo do the dishes. C. Robert offered Carlo to help do the dishes. D. Robert offered to help Carlo do the dishes. 9. If I hadn't had so much work to do I would have gone to the movies. A. Because I had to do so much work I couldn't go to the movies. B. I would go to the movies when I had done so much work. C. A lot of work couldn't prevent me from going to the movies. D. I never go to the movies if I have work to do. 10. "Why don't you get your hair cut, Gavin?" said Adam. A. Adam advised Gavin to cut his hair. B. Gavin was suggested to have a hair cut. C. It was suggested that Adam get Gavin's haircut. D. Adam suggested that Gavin should have his hair cut. II. Indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of the following sentences. 1. He did not remember the meeting. He went out for a coffee with his friends then. A. Not remember the meeting, he went out for a coffee with his friends. B. Not to remember the meeting, he went out for a coffee with his friends. C. Not remembered the meeting, he went out for a coffee with his friends. D. Not remembering the meeting, he went out for a coffee with his friends. 2. They left their home early. They didn't want to miss the first train. A. They left their home early so as to not miss the first train. B. They left their home early for fear that they wouldn't miss the first train. C. They left their home early so as not to miss the first train. D. They left their home early in order that not to miss the first train. 3. The traffic is so heavy. It will take us at least an hour to get there. A. Unless the traffic is heavy, it will take us at least an hour to get there. B. As the traffic is so heavy, it will take us at least an hour to get there. C. The traffic was so heavy that it took us an hour to get there. D. We will spend more than an hour to get there to avoid heavy traffic. 4. There was no poor performance. Moreover, that of the Russian dancers was certainly the best. A. The best performance was the one of the Russians while some of the others were poor. B. The Russian dancers were well-worth watching but the others weren't. C. All the dancers but the Russian performed poorly. D. They all danced well, but the Russian did the best. 5. I started training to be an accountant six months ago. I've got more months to go and then I have to take exams. A. By the time I've taken my exam, I will have started training to be an accountant for a year. B. By the time I take my exam, I will have been in training to be an accountant for a year. C. By the time I took my exam, I would have trained to be an accountant for a year. D. By the time I've taken my exam, I will be training for a year. 6. Why did Danny decide to enter the marathon? Danny's totally unfit.
15. A. Why did Danny decide to enter the marathon who's totally unfit? B. Why did Danny, whose totally unfit, decide to enter the marathon? C. Why did Danny decide to enter the marathon, who's totally unfit? D. Why did Danny, who's totally unfit, decide to enter the marathon? PART 3: TEST YOURSELF I. Find the word which has a different sound in the part underlined. 1. A. candy B. sandy C. many D. handy 2. A. earning B. learning C. searching D. clearing 3. A. waited B. mended C. naked D. faced 4. A. given B. risen C. ridden D. whiten 5. A. cough B. tough C. rough D. enough II. Choose the word which has a different stress pattern from the others. 1. A. designer B. origin C. history D. quality 2. A. capital B. construction C. announcement D. eventful 3. A. apartment B. tradition C. different D. expensive 4. A. monitor B. organize C. following D. inviting 5. A. accurate B. discussion C. sentiment D. industry III. Choose the correct words in the box to complete the sentences. gained patriotism favourable talented celebrated leadership 1. Her mother is always the first reader of her books, and she creates the most ___ favourable ___ conditions for her daughter to work. 2. Nguyen Dinh Chieu was a Vietnamese poet who was known for his ___ patriotism ___ and anti-colonial writings against the French 3. The work, Luc Van Tien, remains one of the most ___ celebrated ___ works in Vietnamese literature. 4. He was the most ___ talented ___ football player that our school had produced in years. His talent for football was great. 5. Nguyen Hue, with his genius ___ leadership ___, created a people's army, no matter small or large. 6. Nguyen Binh Khiem ___ gained ___ a reputation as someone who could foretell the future. IV. Indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions. 1. The impact of the assembly line helped Ford become the dominant firm in the motorcar industry. A. most influential B. subservient C. best-selling D. depressive 2. They all encouraged my creativity and inspired me in many ways. A. overlooked B. motivated C. rejected D. disappointed 3. She idolizes her artist mother, Ingrid, who is as strong and dangerous as she is beautiful. A. impresses B. detests C. worships D. hates 4. Clara did not care how low the Phineas fortune had fallen; no proper respectable girl would allow herself to be a maid. A. disreputable B. unworthy C. paltry D. reputable 5. He was by nature a reserved man but not a cold one. A. shy B. easygoing C. sociable D. lavish 6. She was brought up in a well-off family. She can't understand the problems we are facing. A. poor B. broke C. wealthy D. kind V. Indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions. 1. P.G. Wodehouse's broadcasts attracted the strongest criticism from countrymen who felt it appeared he was indifferent to the war.
16. A. attentive B. regardless C. unresponsive D. apathetic 2. Although many criticized his seemingly over-generous pay. Henry Ford also pointed out that the high wage helped the workers to be able to afford the cars. A. lavish B. open-handed C. big-hearted D. mean 3. Annie ran Tobin's Café on the Quay for some 30 years where she was known to be a very generous and charitable lady. A. free-handed B. generous C. non-profit-making D. penny-pinching 4. Rich, worldly and sophisticated, he could have been the ideal husband for Gwendolyn but feels compelled to crush her independent spirit and mold her into his perfect wife. A. elegant B. naive C. knowledgeable D. worldly-wise 5. There has been insufficient rainfall over the past two years, and fanners are having trouble. A. abundant B. adequate C. unsatisfactory D. dominant 6. We strongly believe that he's innocent of the crime. We do not think that he did it A. crimeless B. skillful C. clean D. guilty 7. The situation seems to be changing minute by minute. A. from time to time B. time after time C. again and again D. very slowly 8. Jose had a hard time comparing the iPhone to the Samsung phone because to him they were apples and oranges. A. containing too many technical details B. very similar C. completely different D. very complicated VI. Indicate the correct answer to complete each of the following questions. 1. Hawking was honored with many ___ awards like the Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society. A. exceptional B. imperative C. indispensible D. prestigious 2. Her range of media enterprises has made Oprah one of the richest ___ women. A. ready-made B. self-made C. tailor-made D. independent-made 3. When I ___ home last night, I ___ that Jane ___ a beautiful candle light dinner. A. had arrived/discovered/preparing B. was arriving/has discovered/was preparing C. have arrived/was discovering/had prepared D. arrived/discovered/was preparing 4. Tran Hung Dao was a great ___ to lure the enemy to enter deeply into his land, then attacked to destroy them. A. strategy B. strategist C. soldier D. king 5. ___ Emperor Quang Trung was ___ second emperor of ___ Tay Son Dynasty, reigning from 1788 to 1792. A. The - a - the B. X - a - the C. X - the - the D. X – the - X 6. While I ___ TV last night, a mouse ran across the floor. A. watch B. watched C. was watching D. am watching 7. When it began to rain, they ___ in the yard. A. played B. had played C. were playing D. have played 8. Liz and Laura is going shopping together. Liz: "Look! This sweater is beautiful." - Laura:"___?" A. Why not trying it on B. Why not trying on it C. Why not try it on D. Why not try on it 9. Anna is seeing Bill off at the airport. Anna: “___” - Bill: "I will." A. I'll miss you much. B. Give my best wishes to your parents. C. Have a nice trip! D. Wish you a happy journey. 10. When I woke up this morning, it ___. A. rained B. was raining C. has rained D. is raining
17. 11. Her ___ to medicine was so great that she had little time for anything else. A. importance B. dedication C. emphasis D. reputation 12. Bill Gates was ___ middle child of William H. Gates II, ___ prominent Seattle Lawyer, and Mary Gates, who worked as teacher before she had children. A. the / a / a B. a / a / a C. the / the / a D. the / the / the 13. While Tom ___ tennis, Ann ___ a shower. A. played / took B. playing / taking C. was playing / was taking D. was play / was take 14. When they ___ in the garden, the phone ___. A. worked / was ringing B. were working / rang C. worked / rang D. work / rings 15. Oprah Winfrey has been an important role model for black American women, breaking down many invisible ___. A. trends B. gaps C. obstacles D. barriers 16. It was on Oprah that Armstrong finally made a dramatic ___ that he had used performance-enhancing drugs during his cycling career. A. encouragement B. confession C. receipt D. acceptance 17. In 2004, Barack Obama was elected to the US Senate where he ___ a reputation as one of rising stars in the Democrat Party. A. acquired B. refrained C. gained D. highlighted 18. Michael Porter has ___ as the strategic adviser to many successful U.S. companies and other international companies. A. served B. employed C. described D. appointed 19. Gia Long had to ___ many difficulties in his early life, as he became the target of rival groups attempting to wipe out the Nguyen clan completely A. deal B. cope C. encounter D. surpass 20. A year into his presidency, Barack Obama was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize (2009) ___ his promise to promote world peace. A. about B. for C. with D. on 21. George VI ___ royal duties such as representing his father at coalmines, factories, and rail yards. A. paid off B. got over C. gave in D. took up 22. Nelson Mandela is one of the most ___ political leaders of the Twentieth and Twenty-First Century. A. admired B. perfect C. talent D. skilled 23. Emergency crews are ___ progress in fixing the broken levees, but they are in a desperate race to stop the flooding. A. making B. doing C. getting D. becoming 24. The dream of a successful Scotland is capable of ___. A. effort B. achievement C. performance D. realization 25. If necessary, part of the responsibility is ___ by the internal security troops. A. taken on B. taken over C. taken in D. taken up 26. She is a ___ example of what people with disabilities can achieve. A. shining B. brightening C. glamorous D. gloomy 27. He is a captain who leads ___. A. by instance B. by mirror C. by example D. by sample 28. Japan is often quoted as the prime ___ of a modern industrial nation. A. example B. performer C. instructor D. pioneer 29. Some argue that the intellectual life of Bulgarians in the nineteenth century was ___ influenced by Russian culture. A. superficially B. mightily C. terribly D. strongly 30. Peter is an artist himself and has some of his own very interesting ___ on sale in the shop.
18. A. create B. creators C. creations D. creativity 31. We must continually evaluate the ___ of each change on the product as a whole. A. performing B. possibility C. impact D. affect 32. A couple who gave their 50th blood ___ were presented with awards to mark their achievement. A. deficiency B. adequacy C. plenty D. donation VII. Choose the word or phrase among A, B, C or D that needs correction. 1. Only after Theodore Roosevelt became president did conservation developed into a major environmental issue in the United States A. Only after B. developed C. into D. environmental 2. Contemporary poet James Merrill writes autobiographical verse that building on remembrances of his childhood. A. Contemporary B. writes C. building on D. his 3. Together Rogers and Hammerstein wrote nine musicals, the first of whose was Oklahoma (1943). A. Together B. musicals C. first D. whose 4. Benjamin Franklin was the editor of the largest newspaper in the colonies, a diplomatic representative to France and later to England, and he invented many useful devices A. was B. the largest C. he invented D. many 5. Albert Einstein was such brilliant a scientist that many of his colleagues had to study for several years in order to form opinions about his theories. A. such brilliant a scientist B. many of his colleagues C. study D. about VIII. Choose the word or phrase from the box that best fits the blank space in the following passage. earned took based regard examples saw rest by Jack Ma is one of the world's greatest living (1) ___ examples ___ of entrepreneurship today. Once a poor lad who survived (2) ___by___ guiding tourists, Ma left no stone unturned to rise above his humble condition and achieve success. One of the first steps he (3) ___took___ in this (4) ___ regard ___ was to improve his communication skills by learning English. Jack was one of the first few individuals who (5) ___saw___ Internet as a business opportunity even at a time when the (6) ___rest__ of the world didn't believe in his thoughts. After starting his first venture using a mere $20000, the entrepreneur (7) __ earned ___ around $800,000 in a matter of just three years. However, it is the e-commerce (8) ___ based ___ venture, 'Alibaba', which he founded in the early 2000s that catapulted this entrepreneur to global fame. IX. Choose the word or phrase among A, B, C or D that best fits the blank Spare the following passage. Donald John Trump is the 45th President of the United States, in office since January 20, 2017. (1) ___ to being a politician, he is a successful business magnate and television personality as well. The son of a wealthy real estate developer, Trump attended the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania before taking (2) ___ of his family's business. He owned several beauty (3) ___ and ventured into (4) ___ television as well. Expanding the (5) ___ of his ambitions, he entered national politics in the early 2000s and (6) ___ his eyes on the presidential office. As a politician, his career was marred by allegations of sexual (7) ___ and he also earned much (8) ___ for his extravagant lifestyle and (9) ___ comments on immigrants from Islamic nations. (10) ___ the controversies surrounding him, Trump (11) ___ for the 2016 presidential election as a Republican and (12) ___ Democratic candidate Hillary Clinton in a surprise victory. Donald Trump is the first person to assume presidency without prior military or government service and at 70, he is also the oldest one to assume the office. 1. A. In addition B. In contrast C. Apart D. Other 2. A. steps B. charge C. measures D. advantages 3. A. pageants B. competitions C. tests D. examinations 4. A. realistic B. true C. actual D. reality 5. A. scale B. scope C. horizons D. amount
19. 6. A. put B. set C. lay D. lain 7. A. abuse B. prejudices C. misconduct D. mistakes 8. A. criticism B. accusation C. blame D. conviction 9. A. burning B. confusing C. respectful D. controversial 10. A. Thanks to B. Other than C. Despite D. With 11. A. went B. applied C. ran D. struggled 12. A. won B. defeated C. suggested D. appointed X. Read the passage and choose the correct answer A, B, C or D for each question. Joyce Carol Oates published her first collection of short stories, By The North Gate, in 1963, two years after she had received her master's degree from the University of Wisconsin and become an instructor of English at the University of Detroit. Her productivity since then has been prodigious, accumulating in less than two decades to nearly thirty titles, including novels, collections of short stories and verse, play and literary criticism. In the meantime, she has continued to teach, moving in 1967 from the University of Detroit to the University of Windsor, in Ontario, and, in 1978, to Princeton University Reviewers have admired her enormous energy, but find a productivity of such magnitude difficult to assess. In a period characterized by the abandonment of so much of the realistic tradition by authors such as John Barth, Donald Barthelme, and Thomas Pynchon, Joyce Carol Oates has seemed at times determinedly old- fashioned in her insistence on the essentially mimetic quality other fiction. Hers is a world of violence, insanity, Fractured love, and hopeless loneliness. Although some of it appears to come from her own direct observations, her dreams, and her fears, much more is clearly from the experiences of others. Her first novel With Shuddering Fall (1964), dealt with stock car racing, though she had never seen a race. In Them (1969) she focused on Detroit from the Depression through the riots of 1967, drawing much of her material from the deep impression made on her by the problems of one of her students. Whatever the source and however shocking the events or the motivations, however, her fictive world remains strikingly akin to that real one reflected in the daily newspapers, the television news and talk shows, and popular magazines of our day. 1. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To review Oates' By the North Gate B. To compare some modern writers C. To outline Oates career D. To describe Oates' childhood 2. Which of the following does the passage indicate about Joyce Carol Oates' first publication? A. It was not successful B. It was a volume of short fiction C. It was part of her master's thesis. D. It was about an English instructor in Detroit 3. Which of the following does the passage suggest about Joyce Carol Oates in terms of her writing career? A. Most of her work is based on personal experience. B. Her style is imitative of other contemporary authors. C. She has produced a surprising amount of fictions in a relative short time. D. She has experienced long nonproductive periods in her writing. 4. The word "fictive" in the passage is closest in meaning to ___. A. imaginary B. attractive C. helpful D. impressive 5. What was the subject of Joyce Carol Oates' first novel? A. Loneliness B. Racing C. Teaching D. Insanity 6. Why does the author mention Oates' book Them? A. It is her best piece of nonfiction B. It is an autobiography C. It is a typical novel of the 1960's. D. It is a fictional work based on another person's experiences. 7. Which of the following would Joyce Carol Oates be most likely to write? A. A romance novel set in the nineteenth century B. A story with an unhappy ending C. A dialogue for a talk show D. A science fiction novel
20. XI. Read the passage, and choose the correct answer A, B, C or D for each question. Any list of the greatest thinkers in history contains the name of the brilliant physicist Albert Einstein. His theories of relativity led to entirely new ways of thinking about time, space, matter, energy and gravity. Einstein's work led to such scientific advances as the control of atomic energy, even television as a practical application of Einstein's work. In 1902 Einstein became an examiner in the Swiss patent office at Bern. In 1905, at age 26, he published the first of five major research papers. The first one provided a theory explaining Brownian movement, the zig- zag motion of microscopic particles in suspension. The second paper laid the foundation for the photon, or quantum, theory of light. In it he proposed that light is composed of separate packets of energy, called quanta or photons, that have some of the properties of particles and some of the properties of waves. A third paper contained the "special theory of relativity" which showed that time and motion are relative to the observer, if the speed of light is constant and the natural laws are the same everywhere in the universe. The fourth paper was a mathematical addition to the special theory of relativity. Here Einstein presented his famous formula, E = m(cc), known as the energy mass equivalence. In 1916, Einstein published his general theory of relativity. In it he proposed that gravity is not a force, but a curve in the space-time continuum, created by the presence of mass. Einstein spoke out frequently against nationalism, the exalting of one nation above all others. He opposed war and violence and supported Zionism, the movement to establish a Jewish homeland in Palestine. When the Nazis came to power in 1933, they denounced his ideas. He then moved to the United States. In 1939 Einstein learned that two German chemists had split the uranium atom. Einstein wrote to President Franklind. Roosevelt warning him that this scientific knowledge could lead to Germany developing an atomic bomb. He suggested the United States begin its own atomic bomb research. 1. According to the passage I, Einstein's primary work was in the area of ___. A. chemistry B. biology C. physics D. math 2. Which of the following inventions is mentioned in the passage as a practical application of Einstein's discoveries? A. Radio B. Television C. Automobiles D. Computer 3. According to the passage, Einstein supported all of the following except ___. A. nationalism B. the establishment of a Jewish homeland in Palestine C. atomic bomb research in the United States D. the defeat of the Nazis 4. According to the passage in which country did Einstein live in 1930s? A. Switzerland B. the United States C. Germany D. Israel 5. The word "exalting" in the passage is closest in meaning to ___. A. criticism B. elimination C. support D. elevation 6. It is clear from the tone of the passage that the author feels ___. A. Einstein's work in physics was somewhat tarnished by his conservative political views. B. Einstein's work in physics, though theoretically impressive, led to few practical applications. C. Albert Einstein was one of the most brilliant thinkers in history. D. Einstein's theories have been consistently proven incorrect. 7. According to Einstein, light is composed of separate packets of energy called ___. A. electrons B. photoelectrons C. gamma rays D. quanta XII. Indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions. 1. Even if the job market is not stable, those who persist will be able to land jobs eventually. A. When it's hard to find a job, jobs on land are even harder. B. Patient people will secure jobs even in an instable job market. C. Only persistent job seekers can find jobs. D. In land jobs are only available to persistent jobs applicants.
21. 2. Only their own mother can tell Simon and Mike apart. A. No one other than their own mother can separate Simon and Mike. B. Simon and Mike bear some resemblance to each other. C. It's very difficult to distinguish Simon and Mike. D. Except for their own mother, no one can talk to Simon and Mike. 3. "How beautiful is the dress you have just bought!" Peter said to Mary. A. Peter promised to buy Mary a beautiful dress. B. Peter said thanks to Mary for her beautiful dress. C. Peter asked Mary how she had just bought her beautiful dress. D. Peter complimented Mary on her beautiful dress. 4. Those who are riding a motorbike are not allowed to take off their helmet. A. People must never take their helmet off while they are riding a motorbike. B. Those who are wearing a helmet are not allowed to ride a motorbike. C. It is the helmet that one needn't wear when he is riding a motorbike. D. You should not wear a helmet when you are riding a motorbike. XIII. Indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of the following sentences. 1. The soccer team knew they lost the match. They soon started to blame each other. A. Not only did the soccer team lose the match but they blamed each other as well. B. No sooner had the soccer team started to blame each other than they knew they lost the match. C. As soon as they blamed each other, the soccer team knew they lost the match. D. Hardly had the soccer team known they lost the match when they started to blame each other. 2. We have been friends for years. It is quite easy to share secrets between us. A. Being friends for years, we find it quite easy to share secrets. B. We find it quite easy to share secrets, being friends for years. C. We have been friends so that it is quite easy to share secrets between us. D. Having been friends for years, we find it quite easy to share secrets between us. 3. The government knows the extent of the problem. The government needs to take action soon. A. Knowing the extent of the problem, the government needs to take action soon. B. The government knows the extent of the problem whereas it needs to take action soon. C. The government knows the extent of the problem so that it needs to take action soon. D. The government knows the extent of the problem or else it needs to take action soon. 4. He didn't notice anything. We might have been in trouble otherwise. A. If he noticed anything, we would be in trouble. B. If he hadn't noticed anything, we couldn't have been in trouble. C. If he had noticed anything, we could have been in trouble. D. If he noticed anything, we could have been in trouble.