Tiếng Anh lớp 12 - Vocabulary

Nội dung text: Tiếng Anh lớp 12 - Vocabulary

1. CONTENTS GRADE 12 Unit 1: Life stories 2 Unit 2: Urbanization . .11 Unit 3: The green movement 22 Unit 4: The mass media . .32 Unit 5: Cultural diversity 43 Unit 6: Endangered species 52 Unit 7: Artificial intelligence. . .61 Unit 8: The world of work . .72 Unit 9: Choosing a career. . 83 Unit 10: Lifelong learning 94 1
2. Unit 1: Life stories Nouns 1.innovation /ɪnəˈveɪʃn/ Sự đổi mới 2.creativity Sự sỏng tạo /kriːeɪˈtɪvəti/ 3.achievement Thành tựu 4.resistance Sự chống lại /əˈtʃiːvmənt/ /rɪˈzɪstəns/ 5.willingness /ˈwɪlɪŋnəs/ Sự sẵn lũng 6.example/ɪɡˈzɑːmpl/ Tấm gương để học tập 7. mission /ˈmɪʃn/ Sứ mệnh 8.generosity Sự hào /dʒenəˈrɒsəti/ phúng 9.dedication /dedɪˈkeɪʃn/ Sự cống hiến 10.hero /ˈhɪərəʊ/ Người anh hựng 11.tragedy /ˈtrổdʒədi/ bi kịch 12.misfortune Sự bất hạnh /mɪsˈfɔːtʃuːn/ 13.hardship /ˈhɑːdʃɪp/ Sự gian nan 14.period /ˈpɪəriəd/ Giai đoạn 15.ambition /ổmˈbɪʃn/ Tham vọng 16.reputation Uy tớn /repjuˈteɪʃn/ 17.scholar /ˈskɒlə(r)/ Học giả 18.strategist Chiến lược /ˈstrổtədʒɪst/ gia 19.commitment Sự cam kết 20.tension /ˈtenʃn/ Sự căng /kəˈmɪtmənt/ thẳng Verbs 1.decide /dɪˈsaɪd/ Quyết định 2.admire /ədˈmaɪə(r)/ Ngưỡng mộ 3.stimulate /ˈstɪmjuleɪt/ Kớch thớch 4.inspire /ɪnˈspaɪə(r)/ Truyền cảm hứng 5.request /rɪˈkwest/ Yờu cầu 6. regard (as)/rɪˈɡɑːd/ Coi như 7.influence ˈɪnfluəns/ ảnh hưởng 8.criticize /ˈkrɪtɪsaɪz/ Chỉ trớch 2
3. 9.slander /ˈslɑːndə(r)/ Vu khống 10.defeat /dɪˈfiːt/ Đỏnh bại 11.defend /dɪˈfend/ Bảo vệ 12. devote (to) Cống hiến /dɪˈvəʊt/ Adjectives 1.talented /ˈtổləntɪd/ Tài năng 2.influential Cú ảnh /ɪnfluˈenʃl/ hưởng 3.gifted/ˈɡɪftɪd/ Cú năng khiếu 4.determined Quyết tõm /dɪˈtɜːmɪnd/ 5.acceptable/əkˈseptəbl/ Chấp nhận 6.prominent Nổi bật được /ˈprɒmɪnənt/ 7.remarkable /rɪˈmɑːkəbl/ Đỏng chỳ ý 8.dominant Chiếm ưu /ˈdɒmɪnənt/ thế 9.distinguished Nổi tiếng 10.extraordinary Phi thường /dɪˈstɪŋɡwɪʃt/ /ɪkˈstrɔːdnri/ Phrases 1.musical instrument Nhạc cụ 2.well-paid job /wel Cụng việc /ˈmjuːzɪkl ˈɪnstrəmənt/ ˈpeɪd dʒɒb/ được trả lương cao 3.Mediterranean Sea Biển Địa 4.traffic congestion Tắc nghẽn /medɪtəˈreɪniən siː/ Trung Hải /ˈtrổfɪk kənˈdʒestʃən/ giao thụng 5.annual event /ˈổnjuəl Sự kiện 6. take advantage of Tận dụng ɪˈvent/ thường niờn /teɪk ədˈvɑːntɪdʒ əv/ 7.private life /ˈpraɪvət laɪf/ Đời sống 8.historical figure Nhõn vật lịch riờng tư /hɪˈstɒrɪkl ˈfɪɡə(r)/ sử 9.have impact on /həv Tỏc động tới 10.moral standard Chuẩn về ˈɪmpổkt ɒn/ /ˈmɒrəl /ˈstổndəd/ đạo đức Ex I: Find the word which has a different sound in the part underlined 1. A. innovation B. hero C. commitment D. congestion 2. A. archery B. achievement C. scholar D. cheating 3. A. resistance B. dedication C. reputation D. request 3
4. 4. A. willingness B. standard C. dominant D. annual 5. A. generosity B. strategist C. tragedy D. disagree 6. A. ambition B. slander C. acceptable D. traffic 7. A. decision B. tension C. revision D. provision 8. A. stimulate B. cucumber C. mutual D. instrument 9. A. influenced B. contributed C. impacted D. regarded 10. A. figures B. discoveries C. advantages D. worries Ex II: Circle the word with a different stress pattern from the others 1. A. talented B. instrument C. principle D. essential 2. A. generous B. ensure C. intelligent D. historical 3. A. prominent B. dedicated C. remarkable D. willing 4. A. request B. hardship C. defend D. produce 5. A. acceptable B. defeat C. advantage D. private 6. A. strategy B. examine C. devotion D. commitment 7. A. secretary B. challenge C. engineer D. dominant 8. A. mission B. ambition C. influence D. question 9. A. creative B. industry C. geology D. financial 10. A. investment B. misfortune C. development D. dedication Ex III: Odd one out 1. A. distinguished B. timeline C. prominent D. devoted 2. A. defeat B. private C. national D. economic 4
5. 3. A. destroy B. conserve C. precede D. influential 4. A. standard B. method C. neutral D. period 5. A. extraordinary B. geography C. identity D. priority 6. A. stimulate B. recommend C. determined D. combine 7. A. distinguished B. valuable C. gifted D. talented 8. A. advance B. innovation C. adaptation D. outdated 9. A. moral B. physical C. intellectual D. harmful 10. A. transfer B. inspiration C. criticize D. preserve Ex IV: Choose the best answer 1. Watching his video clips my creativity and innovation while his music inspires me to learn to play a musical instrument. A. encourages B. stimulates C. makes D. reminds 2. It is absolutely amazing to watch this talented chef use the kitchen tools and delicious dishes. A. prepare B. perform C. display D. wash 3. This doctor who had a successful career in medicine had .all his life to the poor and sick people. A. given B. lived C. brought D. devoted 4. Hardship is something that has been by hard work, ability or effort. A. done B. taken C. obtained D. received 5
6. 5. After graduating from a famous university, my sister got a well .job in a non-governmental organization. A. paid B. offered C. promoted D. applied 6. Farmers in this region take of the available natural resources to grow crops successfully. A. benefit B. strength C. advantage D. use 7. Alex has got in many community projects when he first moved to this area last summer. A. participated B. involved C. interested D. excited 8. She is now working for a organization that helps people with disabilities in the Northern region of the country. A. charity B. rescue C. donation D. charitable 9. Hard-working and talented students should also be given greater opportunities to their skills and strengths. A. develop B. create C. inspire D. stimulate 10. The boy was .up in a poor family in a remote area. However, he has tried his best to overcome hardships. A. grown B. taught C. brought D. educated Ex V: Match the words with their meanings 1.creativity a. more important, powerful or easy to notice than other things 2. remarkable b. something that you want to do or achieve very much 6
7. 3. dominant c. to protect somebody or something from attack 4. influential d. a situation that is difficult or unpleasant because you do not have enough money, food, clothes, . 5. standard e. the use of skill and imagination to produce something new or produce art 6. ambition f. to give somebody the desire, confidence, enthusiasm to do something well 7. hardship g. a level of quality, especially one that people think is acceptable 8. stimulate h. unusual or surprising in a way that causes people to take notice 9. defend i.to make something develop or become more active 10. inspire j. having a lot of influence on somebody or something Ex VI: Do the following crossword puzzle 6 8 1 2 5 3 7 4 ACROSS 1. a promise to do something or to behave in a particular way 7
8. 2. a person who is admired by many people for doing something brave or good 3. to give most of your time, energy, attention to somebody or something 4. having made a definite decision to do something and not letting anyone prevent you DOWN 5. to respect somebody for what they have done or respect their qualities 6. to succeed in dealing with or controlling a problem that has been preventing you from achieving something 7. more important, powerful or easy to notice than other things 8. having a natural ability to do something well Ex VII: Match the verbs in column A with those in column B A B 1.play a. the patients’ pain 2.use b. a program 3.hold c. a balance 4.relieve d. a lot of people’s lives 5.launch e. some musical instruments 6. save f. hardships 7.make g. annual events 8.keep h. great success 9.overcome i. all the kitchen tools 10.achieve j. judgements Ex VIII: Circle the best word 8
9. 1. Reading a person’s life story critically means doing/making judgements while reading it. 2. He told his own life story to encourage other people to try/give something new and challenging. 3. Her brother graduated/completed secondary education and passed a difficult entrance exam to a famous university but he was unable to pay the tuition fees. 4. My uncle did odd jobs to earn a living such as selling lottery tickets, washing dishes or even doing/making babysitting when he was small. 5. She was unfortunate to grow up in a very poor family but she didn’t let/make poverty defeat her and destroy her hope for a better life. 6. I am strongly inspired/influenced by my mother who is a well-educated and strict woman. 7. After winning the Master Chef competition, he gained a(an) reputation/achievement as a first-class cook in the US. 8. Knowing where we come from helps us understand who we are in the past and what/where we are going in the future. 9. By preserving the past, we can create a valuable legacy to release/pass down from generations to generations. 10. Empowering women is one of the ways we lift families out of extreme/absolute poverty in this area. Ex IX: Fill in the gap with a suitable word/phrase given sacrifice influential manuscript nutritious independence research diversity connected campaign failures 1. Understanding our history gives us a sense of belonging as we feel to the places, people and events of the past. 9
10. 2. When she discovered that her daughter was malnourished, she gave her enough food to feed her two meals per day for an entire month. 3. My friend and I participated in a fun run to raise money for breast cancer and patients with fatal diseases. 4. The story looks at themes of love and ., wealth and poverty and the nature of true beauty. 5. Some famous authors worked multiple jobs, faced multiple to share their interesting stories with the world. 6. The writer of Harry Porter finished the .which was immediately rejected by twelve publishers. 7. Described as one of the authors, he wrote a number of short stories and plays and is said to be at the origin of liberty movement in Vietnam. 8. If we could name one historical figure who made Vietnam what it is today, it would be “Uncle Ho” who had devoted his life to the fight for of the country. 9. She is one of the key authors in French literature during the second half of the twentieth century thanks to the , modernity and the new romantic genre of her work. 10. He is one of the famous leaders who launched a against organized crime and corruption. Ex X: Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the word in brackets 1. While the population of Europe and American is growing older, those in countries are becoming younger. (DEVELOP) 2. Pop music has a .appeal and is driven by pop music stations like MTV and others. (UNIVERSE) 10
11. 3. Thanks to the development of information technology, youngsters nowadays can communicate online with their friends and relatives in .places. (DISTANCE) 4. After World War II, the European Coal and Steel community began to unite European countries and politically in order to secure long lasting peace. (ECONOMY) 5. The EU, a family of democratic European countries, committed to working together for peace and (PROSPER) 6. The European Council, also known as the Council of Ministers, is the main making body of the EU. (DECIDE) 7. The organization promotes the integration of Europe through a common currency, the freedom of .between member states. (MOVE) 8. The suspect was released because there is a lack of .against him. (EVIDENT) 9. The government attempted to reduce .in this city by increasing more police patrols at night. (VIOLENT) 10. My private doctor advised me to do exercise more in order to .my muscles. (STRONG) Unit 2: Urbanization 11
12. Nouns 1.urbanization Sự đụ thị húa 2.content /ˈkɒntent/ Nội dung /ɜːbənaɪˈzeɪʃn/ 3.definition /defɪˈnɪʃn/ Định nghĩa 4.resource /rɪˈsɔːs/ Tài nguyờn 5.advantage /ədˈvɑːntɪdʒ/ Thuận lợi 6.attention /əˈtenʃn/ Sự chỳ ý 7.disadvantage Bất lợi 8.initiative /ɪˈnɪʃətɪv/ Sỏng kiến /dɪsədˈvɑːntɪdʒ/ 9.industrialization Sự cụng 10.impact /ˈɪmpổkt/ Tỏc động /ɪndʌstriəlaɪˈzeɪʃn/ nghiệp húa 11.revolution /revəˈluːʃn/ Cuộc cỏch 12.transformation Sự biến đổi mạng /trổnsfəˈmeɪʃn/ 13.shift /ʃɪft/ Sự dịch 14.prospect Triển vọng chuyển /ˈprɒspekt/ 15.majority /məˈdʒɒrəti/ Đại đa số 16.regulation Quy định /reɡjuˈleɪʃn/ 17.wealth /welθ/ Sự giàu cú 18.fortune /ˈfɔːtʃuːn/ Vận may 19.population Dõn số 20.sanitation Vệ sinh mụi /pɒpjuˈleɪʃn/ /sổnɪˈteɪʃn/ trường 21.mindset /ˈmaɪndset/ Tư duy 22.shortage (of) Sự thiếu hụt /ˈʃɔːtɪdʒ/ 23.accommodation Chỗ ở 24.income /ˈɪnkʌm/ Thu nhập /əˌkɒməˈdeɪʃn/ 25.statistic /stəˈtɪstɪk/ Số liệu 25. lack (of) /lổk/ Sự thiếu hụt Verbs 2.finalize /ˈfaɪnəlaɪz/ Chốt 2.provide /prəˈvaɪd/ Cung cấp 3.illustrate /ˈɪləstreɪt/ Minh họa 4. mention /ˈmenʃn/ Đề cập 5.propose /prəˈpəʊz/ Đề xuất 6.overload/əʊvəˈləʊd/ Quỏ tải 7.summarize /ˈsʌməraɪz/ Túm tắt 8. recommend Gợi ý /rekəˈmend/ 9.demand /dɪˈmɑːnd/ Yờu cầu 10.insist /ɪnˈsɪst/ Năn nỉ 11. replace /rɪˈpleɪs/ Thay thế 12.urge /ɜːdʒ/ Thỳc giục 13.waste /weɪst/ Làm lóng phớ 14.occur /əˈkɜː(r)/ Xảy ra 15.expand /ɪkˈspổnd/ Mở rộng 16.migrate/maɪˈɡreɪt/ Di cư 17.upgrade /ʌpˈɡreɪd/ Nõng cấp 18.fluctuate Giao động /ˈflʌktʃueɪt/ 19.generate /ˈdʒenəreɪt/ Sản sinh 20.control /kənˈtrəʊl/ Kiểm soỏt 12
13. Adjectives 1.rural /ˈrʊərəl/ Thuộc về nụng 2.thought-provoking Kớch thớch thụn /θɔːt prəˈvəʊk ɪŋ/ suy nghĩ 3.familiar /fəˈmɪliə(r)/ Quen thuộc 4.agricultural Thuộc về /ổɡrɪˈkʌltʃərəl/ nụng nghiệp 5.vital /ˈvaɪtl/ Quan trọng 6. crucial /ˈkruːʃl/ Quan trọng 7.essential /ɪˈsenʃl/ Cần thiết 8. imperative Bắt buộc /ɪmˈperətɪv/ 9.rapid /ˈrổpɪd/ Nhanh chúng 10.progressive Cấp tiến /prəˈɡresɪv/ 11.stable /ˈsteɪbl/ ổn định 12.pretigious Cú danh /preˈstɪdʒəs/ tiếng Phrases 1.industrial zone Khu cụng 2.look down on /lʊk Coi thường /ɪnˈdʌstriəl zəʊn/ nghiệp daʊn ɒn/ 3.settle down /ˈsetl daʊn/ ổn định 4.residential area Khu dõn cư /ˌrezɪˈdenʃl ˈeəriə/ 5.massive scale /ˈmổsɪv Quy mụ lớn 6.push factor /pʊʃ Yếu tố thỳc skeɪl/ ˈfổktə(r)/ đẩy 7. living standard /ˈlɪvɪŋ Mức sống 8.take place /teɪk Diễn ra ˈstổndəd/ pleɪs/ 9.employment Cơ hội việc 10. cost of living Chi phớ sinh opportunity làm /kɒst əv ˈlɪvɪŋ/ hoạt /ɪmˈplɔɪməntˌɒpəˈtjuːnəti/ 11.racial discrimination Phõn biệt 12.health care /helθ Chăm súc /ˈreɪʃl dɪˌskrɪmɪˈneɪʃn/ chủng tộc keə(r)/ sức khỏe 13.economic crisis Khủng hoảng 14.excessive Khai thỏc vụ /iːkəˈnɒmɪk ˈkraɪsɪs/ kinh tế exploitation /ɪkˈsesɪv độ /eksplɔɪˈteɪʃn/ 15.domestic product Sản phẩm nội 16.take measure Đưa ra giải /dəˈmestɪk ˈprɒdʌkt/ địa /teɪk ˈmeʒə(r)/ phỏp Ex I: Find the word which has a different sound in the part underlined 13
14. 1. A. preserved B. distinguished C. accessed D. stretched 2. A. regulation B. industrial C. population D. accumulate 3. A. wealthy B. smoothly C. healthy D. southern 4. A. attention B. disadvantage C. majority D. sanitation 5. A. accommodation B. fluctuate C. resource D. economic 6. A. discrimination B. finalize C. migrant D. provide 7. A. insist B. propose C. domestic D. standard 8. A. replace B. expansion C. exploitation D. essential 9. A. control B. coincidence C. employer D. moment 10. A. measures B. products C. inhabitants D. attacks Ex II: Circle the word with a different stress pattern from the others 1. A. wasteful B. massive C. residential D. summarize 2. A. prestigious B. generate C. domestic D. economy 3. A. industry B. agriculture C. measure D. exploit 4. A. crisis B. excessive C. expansion D. replace 5. A. urban B. standard C. stable D. progressive 6. A. crucial B. upgrade C. develop D. conserve 7. A. prospect B. resource C. investment D. financial 8. A. recommend B. employment C. residential D. opportunity 9. A. demand B. fluctuate C. insist D. migrate 10. A. political B. imperative C. transform D. illustrate 14