Tiếng Anh 9 - Đảo ngữ (inversion)

Nội dung text: Tiếng Anh 9 - Đảo ngữ (inversion)

1. ĐẢO NGỮ (INVERSION) I. Đảo ngữ là gì? Hiện tượng đảo ngữ là hiện tượng đảo ngược vị trí động từ hoặc trợ động từ lên trước chủ ngữ nhằm mục đích nhấn mạnh. Ví dụ: - She never goes out on Sunday. (câu thường) => Never does she go out on Sunday (câu đảo ngữ – người viết/nói muốn nhấn mạnh đến việc không bao giờ của cô ấy) (Cô ấy không bao giờ ra ngoài vào Chủ nhật.) II. Các cấu trúc của câu đảo ngữ 1, Đảo ngữ với các trạng từ tần suất (thường là các trạng từ mang nghĩa phủ định) Never/ Rarely/ Seldom /Little/ Hardly ever + trợ động từ + S + V (không bao giờ/hiếm khi ai đó làm gì.) Ví dụ: Peter rarely studies hard. => Rarely does Peter study hard. (Hiếm khi Peter học hành chăm chỉ.) 2, Đảo ngữ với câu điều kiện * Câu điều kiện loại 1: Should + S + V, S + will/should/may/shall + V (Nếu như thì ) Ví dụ: If the weather is nice tomorrow, we will go camping. => Should the weather be nice tommorrow, we will go camping. (Nếu ngày mai thời tiết đẹp thì chúng ta sẽ đi cắm trại.) * Câu điều kiện loại 2: Were S + to V/ Were S, S + would/could/might + V (Nếu như . thì ) Ví dụ: If I had money, I would buy that car. => Were I to have money, I would buy that car. (Nếu tôi có tiền thì tôi đã mua chiếc ô tô đó.) If I were you, I would work harder. => Were I you, I would work harder. (Nếu tôi là bạn, tôi sẽ làm việc chăm chỉ hơn.) * Câu điều kiện loại 3: Had + S + PII, S + would/should/might have PII (Nếu như thì ) Ví dụ: If she hadn’t eaten this cake, she wouldn’t have had stomachache. => Had she not eaten this cake, she wouldn’t have had stomachache. (Nếu cô ấy không ăn chiếc bánh ấy thì cô ấy sẽ không bị đau bụng.) Chú ý: Đảo ngữ của câu điều kiện thì chỉ đảo ở mệnh đề if, mệnh đề sau giữ nguyên.
2. 3. Đảo ngữ miêu tả 2 hành động cùng xảy ra sát và kế tiếp nhau sau 1 lúc No sooner than Scarely when . + had + S + PII + S + Ved Scarely when (ngay sau khi ) Hardly when Ví dụ: No sooner had he come than she left. => Hardly had he come when she left. (Ngay sau khi anh ấy đến thì cô ấy rời đi.) 4, Đảo ngữ với until It was not until that : mãi cho đến khi => Not until + trợ động từ + S + V + that + Ví dụ: It was not I became a mother that I knew how my mother loved me. => Not until did I become a mother that I knew how my mother loved me. (Mãi cho đến khi tôi làm mẹ tôi mới biết mẹ yêu tôi đến nhường nào.) 6. Hình thức đảo ngữ với phó từ chỉ cách thức (trạng từ) Phó từ + trợ động từ + S + V Ví dụ: Beautifully did she sing. (Cô ấy đã hát rất hay.) 7. Hình thức đảo ngữ với phó từ chỉ thời gian (With adverbs of time): Phó từ + trợ động từ + S + V Ví dụ: Very often have we tried to do it but we fail. (Chúng tôi đã cố gắng làm rất nhiều lần nhưng đều thất bại.) 8, Hình thức đảo ngữ với phó từ chỉ nơi chốn (With adverbs of place): Phó từ + V + S Ví dụ: Here comes the fall. (Mùa thu đã tới đây.) 9, Hình thức đảo ngữ với now, thus, then, here, there - Chỉ được đảo ngữ khi chủ ngữ là danh từ, không hoán chuyển khi chủ ngữ là đại từ.
3. Ví dụ: There comes the bus. = There it comes. (Xe buýt đã tới rồi.) 10, Đảo ngữ với so that và such . that So adj/adv + trợ động từ + S + that (đến nỗi mà) Ví dụ: This book is so interesting that I’ve read it many times. => So interesting is this book that I’ve read it many times. (Cuốn sách này thú vị đến nỗi mà tôi đọc nó rất nhiều lần.) SUCH + BE(chia) (+ A/AN) + N + THAT + S + V + O Hoặc: SUCH (+ A/AN) + N + BE + S + THAT + S + V + O Vd: - Such is a beautiful girl that all boys love her (1 cô gái quá đẹp đến nỗi bọn con trai đều thích) hoặc - Such a beautiful girl is she that all boys love her. 11, Hình thức đảo ngữ với NO và NOT No+ N + trợ động từ + S + Verb(inf) Not any + N+ trợ động từ + S+ verb(inf) Ví dụ: No books shall I lend you from now on. = Not any money shall I lend you from now on. (Từ bây giờ tôi sẽ không cho bạn mượn bất cứ quyển sách nào nữa.) 12, Hình thức đảo ngữ với ONLY Only one: chỉ một Only later: chỉ sau khi Only in this way: chỉ bằng cách này Only in that way: chỉ bằng cách kia Only then + trợ động từ+ S+ V: chỉ sau khi Only after+ N: chỉ sau khi Only by V_ing / N: chỉ bằng cách này/ việc này Only when + clause: chỉ khi Only with + N: chỉ với
4. Only if+ clause: chỉ nếu như Only in adv of time/ place: chỉ lúc/ở Only . + trợ động từ + S + V (câu 1 mệnh đề) hoặc Only + S + V + trợ động từ + S + V (câu 2 mệnh đề) Ví dụ: Only one time did I meet Obama (Tôi chỉ được gặp Obama mỗi một lần.) Only when I talked to her did I like her. (Chỉ khi tôi nói chuyện với cô ấy thì tôi mới quý cô ấy.) 12, Hình thức đảo ngữ với các cụm từ có No At no time: không một lúc nào On no condition: không với điều kiện nào On no account : Không một lí do nào Under/ in no circumstances: không một trường hợp nào For no searson: không một lý do nào In no way: không một cách nào No longer: bây giờ không còn nữa No where: không một nơi nào Ví dụ: Under no case should you leave here. Trong bất cứ trường hợp nào bạn cũng không nên rời khỏi đây. No longer does he live next to me. Bây giờ anh ấy không còn là hàng xóm của tôi nữa. 13, Hình thức đảo ngữ với Not only but also . Not only + trợ động từ + S + V + but also . (không những mà còn) Ví dụ: Not only is he good at History but he also sings very beautifully. (Không những anh ấy giỏi lịch sử mà còn hát rất hay.)
5. 14. Hình thức đảo ngữ Nhấn mạnh tính từ: Trong tiếng Anh có thể đảo tính từ, cụm tính ngữ làm C (bổ ngữ) của “to be” ra trước để nhấn mạnh, đồng thời đảo “to be” ra trước S (chủ ngữ). Ví dụ: The probem is easy. => Easy is the problem. (Vấn đề này rất đơn giản.) 15. Hình thức đảo ngữ Nhấn mạnh động từ. Trong tiếng Anh có thể nhấn mạnh động từ ở thì hiện tại đơn và quá khứ đơn bằng cách thêm trợ động từ ở dạng tương ứng với thì . Ví dụ: I stayed at home yesterday. => I did stay at home yesterday. (Tôi đã ở nhà cả ngày hôm qua) BÀI TẬP Bài 1. Chuyển sang dạng Đảo Ngữ: 1. He is so gentle that he never scolds anyone. => So 2. He hardly bought a new bike when he had an accident. (1) => Hardly (2) => No sooner 3. The thief ran away. => Away 4. I could drive a car only when I reached 30. => Only when 5. If he goes to school, he will have money. => Should 6. The man not only beat the child but also took all her money. => Not only 7. She will never accept his proposal. => At no time 8. Mr. Bean rarely showed his intelligence. => Rarely 9. I phone him as soon as I went home.
6. (1) => No sooner (2) => Scarcely 10. If you had followed the advice, you would have succeeded. => Had 11. He dived into the sea. => Into 12. If he had money, he would travel. => Were 13. She is such a gentle girl that she speaks very softly. => Such 14. The girl lay on the bed. => On 15. It was not until she was 18 that she went abroad. => Not until 16. We can only improve our skills by training hard. => Only 17. They are here. => Here 18. He no longer drinks coffee. => No 19. He stood outside the door. => Outside 20. It was not until they were robbed of money that they became more careful. => Not until Bài 2. Dùng NEVER viết lại câu với hình thức đảo ngữ 1. She had never been so happy before. => Never before
7. 2. I have never heard such nonsense! => Never 3. I have never seen such a mess in my life. => Never in my life 4. Our profits have never been higher than they are this year. => Never 5. The film had never before laid on such a sumptuous celebration. =>Never 6. I've never come across such a horrifying film. => Never 7. I've never been so moved by a Shakespeare production. => Never 8. I have never seen anyone in my life drink as much as you. => Never 9. I'll never forget you. => Never Bài 3. Dùng RARELY, SELDOM hoặc LITTLE viết lại câu với hình thức đảo ngữ 1. One rarely finds good service these days. =>Rarely 2. She has rarely travelled more than fifty miles from her village. => Rarely 3. Public borrowing has seldom been so high. => Seldom 4. They had seldom participated in such a fascinating ceremony. => Seldom 5. They little suspected that the musical was going to be a runaway success. => Little
8. 6. The embassy staff little realized that Ted was a secret agent => Little 7. He has seldom seen anything stranger => Seldom Bài 4. Rewrite these sentences, using inversion with NOT. 1. He is my friend as well as yours. => Not only 2. He not only spent all his money but also borrowed some from me. => Not only 3. Harry not only broke his leg but also injured his shoulder. => Not only 4. He is both intelligent and handsome. => Not only . 5. She is impatient and dishonest. => Not only 6. The bus not only crashed into a tree, but it also ran over a cat. => Not 7. She not only wrote the text but also selected the illustrations. => Not 8. She is not only beautiful but also attractive. => Not 9. He translated not only fast but also correctly. => Not 10. They are not only good at mathematics but also at science. => Not 11. She not only sings but also dances. => Not
9. Bài 5. Rewrite each of the following sentences with the given words in such a way that it means the same as the sentence printed above it. 1. He had hardly left the office when the telephone rang. => No sooner ___ ___ 2. I had only just put the phone down when the boss rang back. => Hardly ___ ___ 3. He didn’t finish his work until the bell rang. => Not until ___ ___ 4. We only began to see the symptoms of the disease after several months. => Only ___ ___ 5. A sleeping dog was lying under the table. => Under the table ___ 6. His brother had rarely been more excited. => Rarely___ ___ 7. The facts were not all made public until later. => Only___ ___ 8. If I had realized what would happen, I wouldn’t have accepted the job. => Had___ ___ Bài 6. Rewrite each of the following sentences with the given words in such a way that it means the same as the sentence printed above it. 1.He only thought about having a holiday abroad after he retired. => Only ___. 2. I only realized how dangerous the situation had been when I got home. => Only ___. 3. It wasn’t until last week that the Agriculture Minister admitted defeat. => Only ___. 4. I understood Hamlet only after seeing it on the stage. => Only ___.
10. 5. They didn’t get round to business until they had finished eating. => Only ___. 6. They had to wait for twelve hours before their flight left. => Only ___. 7. I didn’t realize who he was until later. => Only ___. 8. The door could not be opened without using force. => Only ___. 9. I won’t agree until Tom’s apologized. => Only ___. 10.The only way you can become a good athlete is by training hard every day. => Only ___. Bài 7. Rewrite these sentences, using inversion with SHOULD. 1. If the Government are forced into another election, it will be the favorite to win. => Should___. 2. If you want to make an appointment to see Dr Simons, she is free after 9. A.M => Should___. 3. If you have further problems with your printer, contact your dealer for advice. => Should___. 4. If you decide to accept the post, you will be expected to start work on 1st April. => Should___. 5. If we hear any further news, we will be in touch immediately. => Should___. 6. If you wish to take advantage of the offer, kindly tick the box on your order form. => Should___. 7. If you change your mind, there will always be a job for you here. => Should___. Bài 8. Rewrite these sentences, using inversion with WERE OR HAD
11. 1. If the salary were high, the job would be worth doing. => Were ___. 2. Would you visit me if I were sent to prison? => Were ___. 3. I didn’t see the signal, so I didn’t stop. => Had___. 4. If I were rich, I could afford to buy an expensive car. => Were ___. 5. If I were you, I would tell him the truth. => Were ___. 6. If he weren’t busy right now, he could help them. => Were ___. 7. If she had said sorry, he wouldn’t have been angry. => Had___. 8. If the computer hadn’t broken down and I wouldn’t have had to stop my work. => Had___. 9. If he hadn’t been angry, I would have said something. => Had___. 10. If his friends hadn’t been late, they wouldn’t have missed the train. => Had___. Bài 9. Rewrite these sentences, using inversion with SO OR SUCH. 1. The weather is so beautiful that we decided to go to the beach. => So___. 2. He is so strong that he can lift the box. => So___. 3. He is such a lazy boy that no one likes him. => Such___. 4. He ate so much food that he became ill.
12. => So___. 5. It is such hot coffee that I can't drink it. => Such___. 6. He bought so many books that he didn't know where to put them. => So___. 7. She has such a soft voice that everyone likes her. => Such___. 8. This book is so boring that I couldn’t finish it => So___. 9. He was such a fast speaker that we couldn’t understand him. => Such___. 10. She was so tired that she fell asleep in the armchair. => So___. 11. It was such a foggy day that we couldn’t see the road. => Such___. 12. This tea is so good that I’ll have another cup. => So___. Bài 10. Rewrite each of the following sentences with the given words in such a way that it means the same as the sentence printed above it. 1. He spent all his money. He even borrowed some from me. => Not only___ 2. He had hardly left the office when the telephone rang. => No sooner ___ 3. I had only just put the phone down when the boss rang back. => Hardly ___ 4. He didn’t finish his work until the bell rang. => Not until ___ 5. We only began to see the symptoms of the disease after several months.
13. => Only ___ 6. I have never seen anyone in my life drink as much as you. => Never ___ 7. A sleeping dog was lying under the table. => Under the table ___ 8. His brother had rarely been more excited. => Rarely___ 9. The facts were not all made public until later. => Only___ 10. If I had realized what would happen, I wouldn’t have accepted the job. => Had___ 11. The response to our appeal was so great that we has to take on more staff. => Such___ 12. Harry broke his leg, and also injured his shoulder. => Not only ___ 13. The police didn’t at all suspect that the judge was the murderer. => Little ___ 14. If you do happen to see Helen, could you ask her to call me? => Should___ 15. The bus driver cannot be blamed for the accident in any way. => In ___ 16. The snowfall was so heavy that all the trains had to be cancelled. => So ___ 17. If the government raised interest rates. They would lose the election. => Were___ 18. As soon as I got into the bath, someone knocked at the door. => No sooner ___
14. 19. There was so much uncertainty that the financial markets remained closed. => Such___ 20. It’s not common for there to be so much rain in March. => Seldom___ 21. You won’t allowed in until your identify has been checked. => Only___ 22. Just after the play started there was a power failure. => Hardly___ 23. The Prime Minister has hardly ever made a speech as inept as this. => Rarely___ 24. We had only just arrived home when the police called. => Scarcely___. 25. Press photographers are banned from taking photographs backstage. => On no___. 26. The way so much money has been spent to so little purpose must be a record. => Never before___. 27. The judge was taken ill just after the trial proceedings began. => Barely___. 28. She seldom misses a lecture. => Seldom___. 29. As soon as we had come home, it started to rain => No sooner___. 30. As soon as we had turned on the TV, the electricity went out. => Hardly ___. 31. I have never been embarrassed like that! => Never ___. 32. She had never experienced this exhilarating emotion in her life. => Never ___.
15. 33. He has seldom seen anything stranger => Seldom___. 34. I have seldom seen him looking so miserable. => Seldom___. 35. As soon as I had got out of the bed, the phone rang. => Scarcely ___. 36. As soon as he had finished dinner, she walked in the door. => No sooner ___. 37. I only understood the problem then. => Only ___. 38. We will be only able to accomplish this great task by working hard. => Only ___. 39. You can only pass this exam by studying hard. => Only ___. 40. You can only understand it when you grow up. => Only ___. 41. I can only forgive you if you tell me the truth. => Only ___. 42. I only realized that I'd seen it before after the film started. => Only ___. 43. The situation was so strange that I couldn’t sleep. => So ___. 44. The test is so difficult that students need three months to prepare. => So ___. 45. The exercise is so easy that every students can do it easily. => So ___. 46. He not only studies well, but also he sings well. => Not only ___.
16. 47. If you meet her, please call me! => Should ___. 48. If you had obeyed orders this disaster would not have happened => Had___ ___ Exercise 1 1. Never ___ me again. a. will be she love b. she loves c. she won't love d. she will love 2. Not only___ but she is also very intelligent a. she is beautiful b. beautiful she is c. is she beautiful d. beautiful is she 3. No sooner___ out that it rained. a. did I go b. I went c. had I gone d. I had gone 4. Seldom___ the guitar. a. he plays b. does he playc. he doesn't play d. he does play 5. Hardly___a word whether son came back. a. couldn't she say b. she could say c. she couldn't say d. could she say 6. Often___ a meeting. a. do we have b. we do have c. have we d. we have 7. Many a time___ he wants to marry me a. said he b. he said c. has he said d. he has said 8. Only at weekend___ my kids to Water Park a. I don't take b. do I take c. I take d. I do take 9. So old ___ that she couldn't dance. a. She wasn't b. she was d. wasn't she d. was he 10. ___ here yesterday, you would have met me. a. Were you b. you were c. Had you been d. You had been 11. On the battle field___ a. the tanks did lie b. the tanks lay c. did the tanks lie d. lay the tanks
17. 12. At no time___ greater opportunities. a. did women had b. has women had c. does women have d. have women had 13. Not once___ into her eyes. a. he looked b. does he looked c. did he look d. looked he 14. ___ has the work bee so easy. a. Never b. only by c. When d. For 15. Now here___ such cooperative staff. a. you can findb. you found c. you could find d. can you find 16. Never before___ in an carnest attempt to resolve their differences. a. have the leaders of these two countries met b. the leaders of these two countries have met c. have the leaders of these two countries meet d. met the leaders of these two countries 17. Not only the child, but also the grandparents___ a. is joining b. joins c. were joining d. has joined 18. Seldom___ a newspaper. a. buys Anna b. does Anna buy c. bought Anna d. Anna does buy 19. Not only___ at the post office, ___ at the grocery store. a. does Mary work/but she also works b. works Mary/but she also works c. does Mary work/but does she also work d. had entered she 20. No sooner___ the house than the phone started to ring. a. had she entered b. she had entered c. entered she d. had entered she Exercise 2 1. Only by saving money___ a house. a. he buys b. he can buy c. can he buy d. buy she 2. Not even once___ the truth a. he tells b. he tell c. tells he d. has she told
18. 3. Choose the correct inverted form. a. Into the room came the teachers b. Not only lazy she is but she is naughty c. No sooner had he drunk a cup of coffee than he asked another. d. A and C are correct 4. Not only___ beautiful but she is graceful as well. a. did she b. she was c. is she d. she is 5. No sooner___ than he begins to be washed. a. is a human being born b. was a human being born c. a human being born d. a human being had been born 6. Seldom___ treated like that. a. I have been b. am I c. I am d. I had been 7. Over there___ the shop that sells souvenirs. a. is b. are c. has d. have 8. Never before___ such a disaster. a. they suffer b. they have suffered c. had they suffered d. they had suffered 9. Only if I had known the difference___ the more expensive car. a. would I bought b. I would have bought c. would I buy d. would I have bought 10. Neither Mary nor her friends___ going to the party. a. is b. are c. was d. a or b 11. Only once a day___ home. a. does Mary leave b. left Mary c. Mary leaves d. will Mary left 12. Only once a day___ home. a. we can speak b. can we speak c. we speak d. we cannot speak 13. Many a time___ this mistake.
19. a. he makes b. he has made c. did he make d. will he make 14. Never___ the exact cause of earthquakes. a. scientists discovered b. did scientists discovered c. do scientists discover d. have scientists discovered 15. Nowhere else___ a. they can go b. can they go c. they can't go d. can't they go 16. Only when at home___ her children a. does she scold b. she scolds c. has she scolded d. she has scolded 17. Not a penny___ me. a. did he give b. he gave c. he has givend. he has gave 18. No longer___ women bear a lot of children. a. does b. did c. doing d. do 19. Among them___ several sacks of white flour. a. were b. is c. be d. are 20. On a hill in front of them___ a great castle. a. standing b. stand c. to stand d. stood Exercise 3 1. "This store has such high prices". "I agree. Never again___ here". a. I wll shop b. will I shop c. I do shop d. shop I 2. "Is this machine often in need of repair?" "No, ___ problems to arise". a. Seldom don't we expect b. We expect seldom c. Seldom we expect d. Seldom do we expect 3. "I can't see the stage very well from here". "___" a. Neither can't I b. Neither I can c. I can't neither d. Neither can I
20. 4. Not until the early 1900s___ to vote in the United States. a. women were allowed b. were women allowed c. they allowed women d. when women were allowd 5. Only recently___ a favourite sport in the United States. a. has jogging becomeb. has become jogging c. when jogging became d. as jogging has become 6. "This is one of the oldest trees in the world" "___ such a big tree". a. Never I have seen b. I haven't never seen c. Never have I seen d. I have seen never 7. "What happened to jean' new car?" "No sooner___ it than someone ran into her" a. had she bought b. she bought c. did she bought d. she ad bought 8. "I would like to apply for the sales position you advertised" "I'm sorry. No longer___ applications for that position". a. are taking we b. we are taking c. are we taking d. we taking 9. Amoebas reproduce by dividing___ a. and other protozoans b. as do other protozonas c. other protozonas do too d. we taking 10. ___ a higher concentration of people than in Tokyo and Mexico City. a. nowhere there is b. Nowhere is c. Nowhere is there d. Nowhere there ins't 11. "Did you like your trip Niagara Falls?" "It was beautiful. Hardly ever ___ such a spectacular sight". a. can see you b. can you see c. see you d. you can see 12. "Can children swim in this pool?" "Yes. However, at no time___ alone". a. shouldn't they swim b. they should swim
21. c. should swim they d. should they swim 13. Only during the early twentieth century___ in the United States. a. liquor was prohibited then b. that liquor was prohibited c. when liquor was prohibited d. was liquor prohibited 14. "I don't like this tossed salad very well". "Nor ___" a. I do b. I do either c. do I d. I like it either 15. Not only___, but he also plays the piano and writes his own songs. a. does Billy Joel sing b. Billy Joel sings c. If Billy Joel sings d. what Billy Joel sings 16. Nowhere___ more prevalent than in warm, swampy places. a. mosquitoes are b. mosquitoes is c. are mosquitoes d. is mosquitoes 17. Only when the ground is kept moist___ germinate. a. grass seeds will b. will grass seeds c. grass seeds does d. does grass seeds 18. Not until Columbs discovered America___ to Europe. a. was bananas brought b. bananas were brought c. were bananas brought d. bananas was brought 19. Never gain___ Greta Garbo appear in films after he retirement in the forties. a. was b. do c. is d. did 20. Rarely___ professional boxers remain active beyond the age thirty-five. a. do b. did c. are d. were