Đề thi đề nghị môn: Tiếng Anh khối 10 - Đề 5

Nội dung text: Đề thi đề nghị môn: Tiếng Anh khối 10 - Đề 5

1. SỞ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO CÀ MAU KỲ THI OLYMPIC TRUYỀN THỐNG 30/4 TRƯỜNG THPT CHUYÊN PHAN NGỌC HIỂN LẦN THỨ XXIV NĂM 2018 ĐỀ THI ĐỀ NGHỊ MÔN TIẾNG ANH LỚP 10 A. MULTIPLE CHOICE (40 pts) I. WORD CHOICE (10 pts) Choose the best options to complete the following sentences. 1. The sky darkened and there was a distant ___ of thunder. A. clap B. clang C. groan D. flash 2. Vietnam ___ war against French colonial empire has gone down in history as one of the most epic, destroying the harrowing shackles of tyranny after nearly a century. A. emancipation B. remission C. liberation D. salvation 3. Everyone was shocked to hear that a politician of his ___ would stoop so low. A. credence B. stature C. guile D. affinity 4. A new treatment ___, it became less prohibitive and more effective to deal with patients infected with tuberculosis. A. tainted B. assorted C. repudiated D. effected 5. On 6th August 1945, an atomic bomb was dropped on Hiroshima, killing thousands of citizens and almost ___ the city. A. overruling B. annulling C. eradicating D. annihilating 6. His smirk suggested some vicious ___, which terrified everyone at the meeting. A. subtleties B. allusions C. insinuations D. inertia 7. She was ___ with guilt when she realized that the accident had been her fault. A. consumed B. ravaged C. devoured D. dazzled 8. That my brother ___ boasts about his achievements is absolutely annoying! A. inexorably B. incessantly C. intricately D. intrepidly 9. She lifted it over the fence and set off across the little meadow, ___ speed and thoroughly enjoying it. A. gathering B. collecting C. consuming D. firing 10. One of Kim’s secretarial works include taking the ___ of the meeting. A. gist B. crux C. minutes D. fundamentals ANSWER KEYS: 1.A 2.C 3.B 4.D 5.D 6.C 7.A 8.B 9.A 10.C II. GRAMMAR AND STRUCTURES (10 pts) Choose the best options to complete the following sentences. 1. Everything looks very positive for the company, ___ the current investors do not default on their agreements. A. assuming that B. whether C. whereas D. as if 2. Probably no man had more effect on the daily lives of most people in the United States ___. A. as Henry Ford, a pioneer in automobile production. B. rather than Henry Ford, a pioneer in automobile production. C. than did Henry Ford, a pioneer in automobile production. D. more than Henry Ford, a pioneer in automobile production. 3. the invention of the steam engine, most forms of transport were horse- drawn. A. With reference B. Akin C. Prior to D. In addition to 4. Suppose she ___ that outrageous story circulating around the office; she’d be furious!” A. has heard B. were heard C. would hear D. had heard 5. I’d rather you ___ a noise last night; I couldn’t get to sleep. A. wouldn’t make B. didn’t make C. haven’t made D. hadn’t made 6. A new generation of performers, ___ those who by now had become household name, honed their skills before following the same path onto television. A. no less talented than B. together with talented with
2. C. along with talented with D. having been more talented than 7. We all wished to be treated ___. A. as equal B. as equally C. as equals D. as equal as 8. ___ the US superiority at that time, it was probable that any threatened US response would have deterred the Soviet Union. A. If B. Given C. Although D. Since 9. Business has been thriving in the past year. Long ___ it continue to do so. A. could B. does C. may D. might 10. The man ___ of carrying out the burglary was released ___ by police. A. to be suspected - following questioning B. having been suspected - following questioned C. suspected - following questioning D. being suspected - following questioned ANSWER KEYS: 1. A 2.C 3. C 4. D 5. D 6.A 7. C 8. B 9.C 10. C III. PHRASAL VERB AND PREPOSITIONS (10 pts) 1. The love of life shone___the author’s book, giving me as much inspiration as I could ever ask for. A. through B. over C. into D. upon 2. You shouldn’t take ___ more than you can handle, otherwise you’ll suffer from stress. A. on B. over C. out D. away 3. He’s so stubborn and stupid. I just couldn’t get ___ him that she can never make money from gambling. A. over B. out of C. across to D. out of 4. The success of our project hinges ___ Mike’s ability persuade the locals to move to the renewal quarter. A. in B. on C. about D. over 5. The government’s plans to reduce crime came ___ for a lot of criticism from freedom groups. A. across B. around C.in D. with 6. Before they open the new factory, a lot of the young people round here were ___ the dole. A. on B. in C. over D. above 7. The two countries met at the conference to iron ___ their differences. A. on B. out C. over D. into 8. He tried to paper ___ the country’s deep-seated problems. A. over B. with C. into D. down 9. Linda chats so much; she could talk the hind leg ___ a donkey. A. up to B. over C. off D. under 10. I’m going to put my head ___ for a while as I feel very tired. A. down B. over C. up D. through ANSWER KEYS 1. A 2. A 3. C 4. B 5. C 6.A 7. B 8. A 9.C 10. A IV. COLLOCATION AND IDIOMS (10PTS) Choose the best options to complete the following sentences. 1. I had to get through a lot of___tape, but I finally got the documents I needed.
3. A. red B. blue C. link D. yellow 2. The hospital staff pulled out all the ___ to make sure the children had a wonderful day. A. roadblocks B. barricades C. plugs D. stops 3. Neither side is prepared to ___ an inch in the negotiations. A. stir B. budge C. push D. bend 4. Congressman Saunders fired the opening ___ during a heated debate on capital punishment. A. salvo B. barrage C. cannonade D. burst 5. I like the way people here always queue up. Back home we just push and shove, and the devil take the ___! A. outermost B. foremost C. hindmost D. utmost 6. The manager attached himself to the luncheon club and became a ___ fixture there. A. perennial B. enduring C. stable D. permanent 7. I was so hungry, and that meal was absolutely delicious! It was just what the ___ ordered. A. scientist B. doctor C. expert D. healer 8. Although the Government has increased allocations to the social sector by as much as 40 per cent, State funding still falls ___ short of needs. A. well B. totally C. severely D. abjectly 9. Last week’s violence was ___ condemned by foreign governments. A. grimly B. roundly C. roughly D. bitingly 10. She hasn’t had an accident yet but she has had a number of . Shavers. A. narrow B. near C. close D. tiny ANSWER KEYS 1.A 2.D 3.B 4.A 5.B 6.D 7.B 8.A 9.B 10.C V.READING COMPREHENSION (20 pts) Read the texts below and choose the best answer to each question. PASSAGE A Questions 1-10. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer to each of the following questions. Color in textiles is produced by dyeing, by printing, or by painting. Until the nineteenth century, all dyes were derived from vegetable or, more rarely, animal or mineral sources, Since madder plants could be grown practically everywhere, the roots of some species of the madder plant family were used from the earliest period to produce a whole range of reds. Red animal dyes, derived! from certain species of scale insects, were also highly valued from ancient times through the Middle Ages. Blues were obtained from indigo, which was widely .cultivated in India and exported from there, and from woad, a plant common in Europe and also used in the Near East from the beginning of the Christian era. Before the first, nonfading "solid" green was invented in the early nineteenth century; greens were achieved by the overdyeing or overprinting of yellow and blue. However, yellow dyes± whether from weld or some other plant source such as saffron or turmeric, invariably fade or disappear. This accounts for the bluish tinge of what were once bright greens in, for example, woven tapestry. The range of natural colors was hugely expanded and, indeed, superseded by the chemical dyes developed during the eighteen hundreds. By 1900 a complete range of synthetic colors had been evolved, many of them reaching a standard of resistance to fading from exposure to light and to washing that greatly exceeded that of natural dyestuffs. Since then, the petroleum industry has added many new chemicals, and from these other types of dyestuffs have been developed. Much of the research in dyes was stimulated by the peculiarities of some of the new synthetic fibers- Acetate rayon, for example, seemed at first to have no affinity for dyes and a new range of dyes had to be developed; nylon and Terylene presented similar problems. The printing of textiles has involved a number of distinct methods. With the
4. exception of printing patterns directly onto the cloth, whether by block, roller, or screen, all of these are based on dyeing; that is, the immersion of the fabric in a dye bath. 1. The passage mainly discusses the ___ . A. Development of synthetic colors for texiles during the nineteenth century. B. Advantages of chemical dyes over dyes derived from plants and animals C. Differences between dyeing texibles and printing items D. History of the use of natural and chemical dyes to colour textile. 2. According to the passage, what was the source of most textile dyes that were used before the nineteenth century? A. Animals B. Minerals C. Plants D. Chemicals 3. What was the advantage of using madder plants for different shades of red? A. It was possible to cultivate madder plants in almost every location. B. Madder plants produced brighter colors than other plant sources. C. Plant sources produced more lasting colors than other plant sources. D. Dyes derived from the madder plants were easier to work with than other dyes 4. One disadvantage of green dyes before the nineteenth century was ___. A. The yellow dyes were expensive B. They lost their original color C. The blue dyes involved lost their color D. The final color varied 5. The green areas in women tapestries developed a bluish tinge because ___. A. A darker color, like blue, dominates a light color, like yellow B. Light changed some of the green dye used in the tapestries to blue C. The yellow dye that was used in the tapestries had faded D. The dyes used to color woven tapestries were made from minerals 6. Red dyes came mostly from ___. A. Animals B. Plants and insects C. Indigo D. Minerals 7. How did chemical dyes compare to natural dyes? A. The chemical dyes had less attractive colors. B. The chemical dyes were less easy to use C. The chemical dyes lost their brightness more quickly when exposed to light. D. The chemical dyes held up better after washing. 8. The chemical dyes keep color because they are less prone to ___. A. sunshine B. wind C. restriction D. wear 9. According to the passage, what problem led to the development of the new dyes after 1900? A. Previously developed dyes did not work on new types of fibers B. Dyes derived from petroleum caused damage to new synthetic fibers C. New synthetic fibers lost required brighter colors than natural fibers did. D. New fabrics easily lost their colors when washed. 10. What does the author mean by “block, roller, or screen”? A. To give examples of textile printing techniques that are based on dyeing. B. To argue that all methods printing patterns onto textiles involve dyeing. C. To emphasize the variety of special tools used the process of dyeing textiles. D. To give examples of textile printing techniques that do not involve dyeing.
5. KEY: 1.D 2.C 3.A 4.B 5.C 6.B 7.D 8.A 9.A 10.D PASSAGE B: More good than evil? It is a commonly held belief that today’s teens are in trouble. They spend hours communicating via social network sites instead of socializing in person and send countless text messages that are in a virtually unrecognizable language. In a study analyzing today’s youth in the digital world, renowned scientist, Susan Greenfield, laments: “We are raising a generation of children who are shallow, thrill-seeking and in danger of detaching themselves from reality.” In spite of such pessimistic beliefs, recent research seems to indicate that social network sites may not be as detrimental as some may think. A crucial point is that we need to maintain a broader perspective. New technologies have always provoked generational panic, which usually has more to do with adult fears than any real harm they may do. In the 1930s, parents worried that radio was taking over the lives of their children. In the 60s, the great danger was the television and then in the 80s, the Sony Walkman was claimed to be turning teens into mindless zombies. In fact, social scientists who study young people have found that technology and the digital world can essentially benefit today's youth. It seems that if teens use a lot of social media, it has no negative effect on their engaging in face-to-face contact. Actually, the evidence suggests that the most avid texters are also the kids most likely to spend time with friends in person. One form of socializing doesn’t replace the other. It augments it. Then, as the young get older and are given more freedom, they often ease up on social networking. Early on, the web is their own personal space, but by their late teens, it is replaced as they acquire greater independence. But isn’t all this short-form writing eroding language skills? Studies of first-year college papers from 1917 is show that this is not the case. The rates of grammar and vocabulary errors by these freshmen in their compositions were the same as in the ones written by their modern counterparts. There is one essential difference, however. Student essays have blossomed in size and complexity. They are now six times longer and offer arguments supported by a wealth of evidence. Why? Because computers have vastly increased the ability of students to gather research, consider different points of view and write more analytically. If truth be told, the online world also offers kids remarkable opportunities to become literate and creative because young people can now publish ideas not just to their circle of friends, but to the whole world. And it turns out that when they write for strangers, it makes them work harder, push themselves further, and create powerful new communicative forms. 1. What is meant by the phrase virtually unrecognizable in the first paragraph? A.Teenagers use foreign languages when they speak or write. B.Teenagers are very creative when they communicate with one another. C.Teenagers enjoy taking on a different identity when they communicate. D.The language used in text messages has been greatly altered. 2. Why is Susan Greenfield quoted in the first paragraph? A.She has teenage children who use computers. B.She strongly contradicts what society believes. C.Her research supports that teens are negatively affected by today’s technology. D.She believes more information is needed to draw conclusions. 3.According to Susan Greenfield, what may be a consequence of teens using technology? A.They may become overly cynical about their lives. B.They may not be connected to what is happening around them. C.They may not find pleasure in exciting activities. D.They may not grow up into mature adults. 4. Why does the author use examples from past decades?
6. A.to prove that technology has always been harmful B.to argue that new inventions always seem suspicious C.to show that teenagers will never obey their parents D.to present a trend that is getting more dangerous 5. The author implies that a teen who uses a cell phone frequently is ___ A.less athletic B. a poor student C. highly introverted D. more sociable 6.The word augments in the third paragraph is closest in meaning to___ A. substitutes for B. adds to C. explains D. decreases 7. What happens when teenagers get older? A.They don’t need personal space anymore. B.Their studies become more important to them than their social lives. C.The digital world becomes increasingly important to them. D.They do not participate in social networks as much. 8. What does the word counterparts in the fourth paragraph refer to? A. compositions B. first-year college students C. grammar and vocabulary errors D. language skills 9. How does a modern college freshman’s paper compare to one from 1917? A. It has almost no linguistic errors. B. It has the same amount of content. C. It has a less complicated writing style. D. It is based on more information. 10. What is the author’s view of social networks? A.Their access must be strictly controlled by parents. B.They play a positive role in young people’s lives. C.They are detrimental to young people’s relationships. D.They have evolved faster than most people realize. ANSWER KEYS: 1.D 2.C 3.B 4.B 5.D 6.B 7.D 8.B 9.D 10.B VI.GUIDED CLOZED TEST (20PTS) Passage 1 Read the passage carefully and choose the answer (A, B, C or D) that best fits each space. It only requires the completion of the reconstruction of the human genetic map for a whole host of hereditary disease to be ___ (1). Originally, it was forecast that the venture would take until the beginning of the 21st century to be ___ (2). At present, it is clear that the task can be finished much earlier. Hundreds of scholars have gone to ___ (3) to help unravel the mystery of the human genetic structure with an ardent hope for ___(4) mankind from disorders such as cancer, cystic fibrosis or arthritis. The progress in this incredible undertaking is conditioned by an accurate interpretation of the information contained in the chromosomes forming the trillions of the cells in the human body. Locating and characterizing every single gene may ___(5) implausible an assignment, but very considerable ___(6) has already been made. What will you know my now is that the hereditary code is assembled in DNA, some of which may be diseased and ___ (7) to the uncontrollable transmission of the damaged code from parents to their children? Whereas work at the completion of the human genome may last for a few years more, notions like gene therapy or genetic engineering don't ___ (8) much surprise any longer. Their potential application has already been ___ (9) in the effective struggle against many viruses or in the genetic treatment of blood disorders. The hopes are, then, that hundreds of maladies that humanity is ___ (10) with at the present might eventually cease to exist in the not too distant future. 1. A. terminated B. interfered C. eradicated D. disrupted 2. A. accomplished B. discharged C. dismantled D. exterminated 3. A. maximum B. utmost C. supreme D. extremes 4. A. liberating B. surviving C. insulating D. averting 5. A. sound B. hear C. voice D. perceive 6. A. headline B. heading C. headway D. headship 7. A. amiable B. conceivable C. evocative D. conducive
7. 8. A. evoke B. institute C. discharge D. encourage 9. A. examined B. inquired C. accounted D. corroborated 10. A. aggravated B. teased C. persecuted D. plagued ANSWER KEYS: 1.C 2.A 3.D 4.A 5.A 6.C 7.D 8.A 9.A 10.D Passage 2 Very few of us would admit putting much trust in horoscopes and the fact that the movements of astronomical bodies ___ (1) to earthly occurrences affecting peoples' everyday lives. We all know about the zodiac signs which reflect the position of the sun, the moon and the planets at the moment of a man's birth and about the peculiar characteristics ___ (2) to them by astrologers. We say we will take these phenomena with a pinch of salt while we keep ___ (3) our eyes over them in every tabloid we lay our hands on. Most frequently, we expect horoscopes to predict the future, to ___ (4) our optimistic mood with a piece of comforting information or to ___ (5) our ego by confirming the superlative features that we tend to attribute to our zodiacs. However, there's no scientific evidence to ___ (6) the assumption that human existence is so closely ___ (7) with the parameters of the celestial bodies. Our curiosity in horoscopes may, then, ___(8) our sheer fascination with the unexplained or the unpredictable as well as in the enticing insight into the future that the horoscopes offer, thus establishing the sense of our ___ (9) an extreme power over our own lives. An additional explanation is that humans tend to have a soft ___ (10) for any form of flattery, which is the fact to which astrologers and the horoscope writers seem to attach the greatest deal of weight. 1. A. rely B. correspond C. match D. compare 2. A. identified B. associated C. incorporated D. ascribed 3. A. running B. sending C. fixing D. putting 4. A. restore B. adjust C. upgrade D. reassure 5. A. boost B. escalate C. revitalize D. improve 6. A. conclude B. concede C. corroborate D. confound 7. A. fused B. adhered C. coalesced D. intertwined 8. A. stem B. crop C. rear D. dawn 9. A. disposing B. wielding C. effecting D. committing 10. A. pit B. dot C. spot D. nick ANSWER KEYS: 1.B 2.D 3.A 4.A 5.A 6.C 7.D 8.A 9.B 10.C B.WRITTEN TEST (70 pts) I. OPEN CLOZE TEST (20 pts) Read the texts below and think of the word which best fits each space. Use only ONE WORD for each space. Passage A Read the text below and think of the word which best fits each gap. Use only ONE word in each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0) INDOOR AIR POLUTION The citizens (0) of four major European countries think the (1) of climate change such as severe floods and storms are already affecting them, according to a major new polling study.The research dispels the idea that global warming is widely seen as a future problem, and also shows strong support for action to tackle global warming, (2) subsidies for clean energy and big financial penalties for nations that refuse to be part of the international climate deal signed in Paris in 2015 – (3) US president Donald Trump has threatened. There was also strong support for giving financial (4) to developing nations to cope with the impacts of climate change.Renewable energy was viewed very positively in all nations, but fracking had little support, with just 20% of people seeing it positively in the UK, 15% in Germany and 9% in France. Nuclear
8. power was also unpopular: only 23% of those in France,(5) it supplies the vast majority of electricity, have a favourable opinion. Overwhelming majorities of people in the UK, Germany, France and Norway said climate change was at (6) partly caused by human activities, such as burning fossil fuels. But only a third thought the vast majority of scientists agreed with this, despite about 97% of climate scientists doing so.“It is encouraging to see that most people in this very large study recognise that climate change is happening, and that support for the need to tackle it remains high (7) the people we surveyed,” said Prof Nick Pidgeon at Cardiff University, who led the international project.He said the firm backing of the public could be important in the light of Trump’s opposition to climate action: “ (8) the recently shifting political mood in some countries, climate policy is now entering a critical phase. It is therefore even (9) . important that the public’s clear support for the Paris agreement is carried (10) by policymakers Europe and worldwide.” KEY: 1. impacts/effect 2. including 3. as 4. aid/ support 5. where 6. least 7. among/amongst 8. with 9. more 10. through Passage B THE TRIUNE BRAIN The first of our three brains to evolve is what scientists call the reptilian cortex. This brain sustains the elementary activities of animal (1) . such as respiration, adequate rest and a beating heart. We are not (2) to consciously “think” about these activities. The reptilian cortex also houses the “startle centre”, a mechanism that facilitates swift (3) to unexpected occurrences in our surroundings. That panicked lurch you experience when a door slams shut somewhere in the house, or the heightened awareness you feel when a twig cracks in a nearby bush while out on an evening stroll are both examples of the reptilian cortex at work. When it comes to our interaction with others, the reptilian brain offers up only the most basic impulses: aggression, mating, and territorial defence. There is no great difference, in this (4) , between a crocodile defending its spot along the river and a turf war between two urban gangs.(5) the lizard may stake a claim to its habitat, it exerts total indifference toward the well-being of its young. Listen to the anguished squeal of a dolphin separated from its pod or witness the sight of elephants mourning their dead, however, and it is clear that a new development is at play. Scientists have identified this as the limbic cortex. Unique (6) mammals, the limbic cortex impels creatures to nurture their offspring by (7) feelings of tenderness and warmth to the parent when children are nearby. These same sensations also cause mammals to develop various types of social relations and (8) networks. When we are with others of “our kind” – be it at soccer practice, church, school or a nightclub – we (9) . positive sensations of togetherness, solidarity and comfort. If we spend too long away from these networks, then loneliness (10) . in and encourages us to seek companionship. ANSWER KEYS: 1. survival 2. required 3. reactions 4. sense 5.although 6. to 7. delivering 8. kinship 9. experience 10. sets II. WORD FORMATION (20 pts) Part 1: Complete each sentence, using the correct form of the word in parentheses. 1. I'm not against___, but obviously we all want to avoid animals suffering unnecessarily. (SECTION) 2. The administration announced that the U.S. would no longer produce ___ landmines or acquire new ones, including replacing expiring munitions in its stockpile. (PERSON) 3. And lastly, it provided the authorities with an opportunity to dispose of troublesome true believers or neighborhood ___ (CONTENT) 4. She hopes to ___ her success as a model into an acting career. (LAY)
9. 5. Mohammed Zardah, 26, a slim, ___ man with an academic mien, studied computer engineering in Damascus, he says. (SPECTACLE) 6. Hunger and a ___ meal did not sit happily side by side.(SLAP) 7. The machine must be ___, executing as fast as a mower is able to cut.(EXPEDITE) 8. ___ are medicines that lower the chance of blood clotting. (COAGULATE) 9. With the great achievement of U-23 Vietnam team, many international newspapers wrote ___ praising our heroes.( COME) 10.In the countryside, farmers try to ___ their land with a view to keeping out their neighbours’ cattle.(MARKER) ANSWER KEYS 1. vivisection 2. antipersonnel 3. malcontents 4. parlay 5.bespectacled 6. slap-up 7. expeditious 8.anticoagulants 9.encomia 10.demarcate Part 2: Complete the passage with appropriate forms from the words given in the box. PRODUCE UTILE REPLACE INFECT DEPEND LUMINAIRE EXTRACT TEMPORATE ORIENT RESPECT The natural uses of bioluminescence vary widely, and organisms have learnt to be very creative with its use. Fireflies employ bioluminescence primarily for (1) means - their flashing patterns advertise a firefly's readiness to breed. Some fish use it as a handy spotlight to help them locate prey. Others use it as a lure; the anglerfish, for example, dangles a (2) . flare that draws in gullible, smaller fishes which get snapped up by the anglerfish in an automated reflex. Sometimes, bioluminescence is used to resist predators. Vampire squids eject a thick cloud of glowing liquid from the tip of its arms when threatened, which can be(3) Other species use a single, bright flash to(4) blind their attacker, with an effect similar to that of an oncoming car which has not dipped its headlights. Humans have captured and (5) bioluminescence by developing, over the last decade, a technology known as Bioluminescence Imaging (BLI). BLI involves the of a DNA protein from a bioluminescent organism, and then the integration of this protein into a laboratory animal through transgeneticism. Researchers have been able to use aluminized pathogens and cancer cell lines to track the (6) spread of (7) .and cancers. Through BLI, cancers and infections can be observed without intervening in a way that affects their (8) .development. In other words, while an ultra-sensitive camera and bioluminescent proteins add a visual element, they do not disrupt or mutate the natural processes. As a result, when testing drugs and treatments, researchers are permitted a single perspective of a therapy's progression. Once scientists learn how to engineer bioluminescence and keep it stable in large quantities, a number of other human uses for it will become available. Glowing trees have been proposed as (9) for electric lighting along busy roads, for example, which would reduce our dependence on (10) energy sources. ANSWER KEYS: 1. REPRODUCTIVE 2. LUMINESCENT 3. DISORIENTING 4. TEMPORARILY 5. UTILISED 6. RESPECTIVE 7. INFECTIONS 8. INDEPENDENT 9. REPLACEMENTS
10. 10.NON-RENEWABLE III. ERROR CORRECTION (10 pts) The following passage contains 10 errors. Identify and correct them. It is not easy to have a rational discussion with people about the nature of their language. They feel that the language belongs to them, and they are entitled to hold cut and dry opinions about it. And when opinions differ, emotions run high. Arguments can easily stem from minor points of usage as from major education policies. In English, the origin of many popular misconceptions lies in the work of the linguists of the eighteenth century who first attempted to codify the English grammar. Unfortunately, they worked under the premise that English grammar is derived from Latin grammar and that the rules of the latter are to determine the former. It was this fundamentally misunderstanding that resulted in the absurd but time-honored 'never-end-a-sentence-with-a- preposition' type of rule that many people still cling to. These days, many people complain that the Internet is the source of much unforgivable distortion of English, and such the ease and speed of email communication engenders a lazy approach to writing. This is possibly a short-sighted view: perhaps we should be more broad-minded and view such changes as potential enrichment other than corruption of the language. Perhaps those who argue it is only the latter are guilty of stick-in-the- sand mentality which is often not confined to their own language. The American linguist Leonard Bloomfield tells the story of a doctor who was so firm in his view that the American language Chippewa had only few hundred words. When Bloomfield tried to dispute the point, the doctor had no thoughts of losing down. He turned away and refused to listen. ANSWER KEYS: ERRORS CORRECTIONS hot and dry hot and dried education educational fundamentally fundamental under on cling to cling other rather such that sand mud few a few loosing down backing down IV. SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION (20PTS) For each of the sentences below, write a new sentence as similar as possible in meaning to the original one, using the word given. 1. Going to and fro with all the cases is what I can’t stand about holidays. It’s all 2. The village shop is now being managed by a national supermarket chain. A national supermarket chain has taken 3. This door is an emergency exit and must never be locked for any reason. → On be locked because it is an emergency exit. 4. Yolanda’s family persuaded her to enter the competition. → Yolanda was talked the competition by her family. 5. So many people were really delighted when the government lost the election. (JUBILATION) 6. The board had a secret meeting in order to discuss changes in company policy. (DOORS) -> . 7. Peter was in trouble with his boss because he didn’t finish an important project by the deadline. (HOT) -> 8. She told everyone that she had been fired by the company. (SACK)
11. She let 9. Should there be a problem, contact us at all costs. (LINE) ->In the 10. Although the manager is sluggish, he is a smooth speaker. (GIFT) ->Sluggish ANSWER KEYS: 1. It’s all toing and froing with all the cases that I can’t stand about holidays. 2. A national supermarket chain has taken charge over the management. 3. On no account must this door ever be locked because it is an emergency exit. 4. Yolanda was talked into entering the competition by her family. 5. There was much JUBILATION when the government lost the election. 6. The board met behind the closed door in order to discuss changes in company policy. 7. Peter was in hot water because he didn’t finish an important project by the deadline. 8. She let it be known that she had been given the sack by the company. 9. In the event of a problem, drop a line at all costs. 10. Sluggish as the manager is, he has the gift of the gab