Nội dung ôn tập học kỳ I - Môn Toán 7

Nội dung text: Nội dung ôn tập học kỳ I - Môn Toán 7

1. NQi dung 6n tQp HKI Ndm hgc 2018 - 2019 NQI DUNC O^I TAP HgC rcY I -TU6ru TOAN 7 A. LY THUYET I/ Dai s6: Ciu 1: Thd nio td s6 hfru ti duong? Sd hfru ti am? Gi6 trf tuyQt d6i cria s6 hiru ti x dugc x6c dfnh nhu th6 ndo? Ciu 2z Vi6t c6c c6ng thric: nhdn, chia hai lfly thua ctng co t6. tty thira cria: lf,y thria, mQt tich, mQt thuong. Cf,u 3: Ti 10 thric ld gi? Tinh chAt co b6n cria ti lQ thirc. Vitit c6ng thric tinh chAt cria ddy ti sO Uang nhau. Cffu 4: Dinh nghia cdn b{c hai ctra mQt s61,h6ng 6m? Cho vi dp. Cflu 5: Khi ndo thi hai d4i luqng y vd x ti lQ thuan v6i nhau? Tinh ch6t cria hai dai luqng ti lp thuen? Cffu 6: Khi ndo thi hai d4i luqng y vi x ti l0 nghich vcyi nhau? Tinh chdt ctra hai dai luqng ti lQ nghich? Ciu 7: DO thi hdm s6 y : f(x) li gi? EO thi cria him s6 y : u (a* 0) c6 dang nhu th6 nio? IV llinh hoc: Cffu 1: Ph6t bidu dinh nghia, dinh lf vd hai g6c ddi dinh. Ph6t bidu dinh nghia hai duirng thing vu6ng g6c ? Dinh nghia duong trung truc cira doan thing. Cia 2z Ph6t bidu dinh ly vd d0u hi€n nhQn bidt hai ducrng thing song song ? Dinh lf vd tinh chat hai duong thing song song . Ciu 3: Ph6t bidu tiOn dd dctit. Phdt bidu c6c dinh lf vd quan hQ gifia tinh vu6ng g6c vdi tinh song song. Dinh ly vd ba dudng thing song song. Cffu 4: Phdt bidu dinh ty vd tdng ba g6c cria mQt tam gi6c ? Tinh chat g6c ngoii cria tam gi6c. Cffu 5: Thd ndo ld hai tam gi6c bang nhau. Ph6t bidu ba truirng hqp bing nhau cira hai tam gi6c vd c6c hQ qui (Ve hinh, ghi gii thidt, kdt luQn) B - BAI TAP V D4i sd Dane,l; Thuc hiAn phdp tinh(Tinh hgp l! ndu c6 thA): ut zz!.2- rg1 4'7 I at ( p?-.1) [o.r-1']' c\ rc! fl) +zs?,1 -' 4's ' '(- 3 4)\' 4) 7 (.s/ 7 s a>(z',+-+l .(e)" e) 1'f-1-1)*1'[-'-, ) "'(." '1-rl t-"9-r, "'(5,,") fl) -!,+, " s'[ts oJ' s'( r 'fi)' h)rr.ir 10.^6:0rrv'1"'"^'1 .-ly- t J\a'3J4s -Ilq' l\2r?: 4tr ^'("n(zl*E!) ,( -qL*r!)+z!' 9 6' " 12t1, 63.102 3'- 2)'\ .- 6'- 7 )' 2 il *r .z;-Q^,t o#.r'(L*,2),+ [rs Y),1^;-J-ux*ue] a * (-l ,1*sf, +,2) , (3.+-#)'(+-+.;) Dang 2: Tim x, y,z: Bni 1.' Tim x bidt: q a) l*1 :2x=-5 at(*-l)fr*1)=o lr+!l-1= 4 3 '\ 4)\ 2) "l'l sl 2 10 , Jm( Ji*.,ffi)=* ,l*"n*r ,S-I=* s)28. -223*-16=0
2. NQi dung 6n tQp HKl Ndm hgc 2018 - 2019 h) (x - L)'=25 ,l [,r*l)'=1 k) l2x - 1l = lx - 2l '\. 2) 25 Biri 2: Tim \ !, z bidt : a) x: !:z=5:3:4vix +y -z=-12 b) 3x =2y iJy=szvdx+ y *z=92 c) 2x- 3y=5zvix+y- z=95 d) x: y: z=3:4:5vi 2x2+2y2-3*=-100 )c+y x-y . *r+l 1! t .-=: :v+2 z-l vdx+y-z=50- vdx.y=250 e) 340'73' il:: !- l. HgcsinhthOitOpTdEquy€ng6pdugcs5s6chnQpchothuviQn. Lop7Ac637 hgcsinh, lopTBc6 37 hgc sinh, 16p 7C c6 40 hgc sinh, 16p 7D c6 36 hgc sinh. H6i m6i to'p quy6n g6p du-o. c bao nhiOu quy6n s6ch ct. ni6t rang s6 s6ch quyOn g6p dugc ti lQ voi sO hgc sinh cria m5i top vd lop 7C g6p nhiAu hon lorp 7D ld8 quyOn s6ch. 2. Ba dQi m6y cly, cdy tr€n ba c6ch ddng nhu nhau. DQi thf nhdt hoin thenh cOng vi0c trong 4 ngiy, dQi hai hoin thinh trong 6 ngiy vd dQi thua ba hoan thenh trong 8 ngey. H6i m6i dQi c6 bao nhiOu mdy ciy, bidt dgi thf nha't c6 nhidu hcrn dqi thrl hai ld 2 mdy ciy vi cOng sudt c:iua cdc mdy li nhu nhau? 3. Cho bi6t 56 c6ng nh6n hoan thanh mQt c6ng viQc trong 2l ngity. H6i phii tdng thOm bao nhiOu c6ng r a, , a t \ / Y A' i: nhdn nfra- d0-l hoan thanh c6ng viQc d6 trong 14 ngiy (ndng su6t m6i c6ng^ nh6n ld nhu nhau). 4. Tffi chu vi ctra mqt hinh chfi nhat, bidt ti sd hai c4nh kd cfia n6 ld} : 5 vi diQn t(ch bing 40m2. 5. Ba td hqc sinh trdng dux,I79 cAy xung quanh tnr&rg. SO cay td 1 ftdng so v6i td Z Uing 6 : 11. So cay t6 1 tdng so v6i td 3 bing 7 : 1O.H6i m6i td trohg dugc bao ntrieu cAy. 1) 6. BakhoA,B, Cchrlag4o,ndunhflpviokhoAthCm isdg4octran5.Xuat&khoBdi 1 sdgaocita 7 "' 7 n6 thi khi d6 sd gao 3 kho bang nhau. Tinh xem hic ddu & m5i kho c6 bao nhi0u tAn gao. Bidt rang kho B chrla nhidu hon kho A li 21 tan. Dane 4.' Hd.m sd - Dd thi hdm sd: Bii L: Cho him s6 y'5 =!* a) VC dd thi him sd b) Tim gi6 tri cria him sd tai x = -1 ; x =0 c) Tim didm trOn dd thi c6 tung dQ 11 4. X6c dinh tga dQ didm d6. Bii 2: Cho him s6 '5y = 2* a) VE dd thi him s6 b) Trong c6c didm sau dAy thi didm ndo thuoc d6 thi him sd d6: M (-5 ;2); N (0 ; 3); P tl ; -f . ll5' Bii 3: Didm B (2;-1) thuQc dd thi him s6 Y = ax. a)Xdc dinh a b) Ve dd thi him sd vDa tim duo.c Dans 5: Cdc bdi tud.n ndng cao: BiiI: Tim GTLN, GTNN.' 1) Tim gi6 tri nh6 nhat cta bidu thrlc: A=312x- 1l -5 B=x2+3ly- 2l+l 2) Tim gi6 tri l6n nhdt cria bidu thrlc: C= 10 -5lx-21 D=5 -(2x-l)2 Bii 2: So sdnh: 2
3. NQi dung 6n tQp HKl Ndm hgc 2018 - 2019 a) Z,o, vd 32oo c) 9920 vI 999910 b)32r yd.Z3r d) S= l+2+22 +23 + + zt0oydztol Bii 3; Cho tt lQ thitc: +:bd + CMR: 'lc2 a), 5a +3b 5c +3d -,, 7o' +3ab - +3cd salb= tr-, "' rro2 -Bb'- rF -gP Bii 4: Cho b6n s5 a, b, c, d thoi mdn di0u kiQn b2 : ac; c2 :bd. chrmgminh: "1^*4*cr=9 b'+c'+d' b IU llinh hoc Bii L: Cho AABC (3 g6c nhqn).TrOn tia Ax song song vdi BC ldy AD = BC (AD, BC cing thuQc nta mit phing bd li ducrng thing AB). Chung minh: a) AADC = ACBA b) G6c BAD = g6c BCD c) AB llDC Bii 2:. Cho AABC vu6ng t4i A c6 g6c B :300. a) Tinh sd do g6c C. b) VC tia phdn gi6c cria g6c C cat cqnh AB tai D. Trdn canh CB l6y di6m M sao cho CM : CA. Chrmg minh: AACD: AMCD. c) Qua C vE dulng thdng xy vu6ng g6c CA. Ttr A k6 duong th6ng song song vcvi CD c6t xy o K. Chrmg minh:AK = CD. d) Tinh sO do g6c AKC. Bii 3:. Cho g5c xOy. TrCn tia Ox ldy hai didm A vi B, trOn tia Oy tay didm C vi D sao cho OA = OC; AB = CD. Chung minh: a) BC=AD b) Gqi I ti giao cira BC vi AD. Chrrng minh rang: AAIB = ACID c) OI ti phAn gi6c cira g6c xOy d) OI vu6ng g6c v6i BD Bii 4: Cho tam gi6cABC. Gqi Eld trung didm AC , F ld trung didm AB. TrOn tia ddi cira EB lay didm M sao cho EM = MB. TrOn tia ddi ctra FC ldy didm N sao cho FN = FC. Chung minh: a) AAME = ACBE b) AM = BC vi AM //BC c)AM=AN d)M,A,Nthinghdng Bii 5: Cho tam gi6c ABC (AB < AC) kB phan gidc AD. LifyEthuQc AC sao cho AB = AE; Ldy F thu6c tia ddi cira tia BA sao cho BF = EC. Chung minh: a) AABD = AAED b)DF=DC c)F,D,Ethfnghlng d)ADTFC Bii 6: Cho tam gi6c ABC. Ggi M li trung didm cira BC ; N li trung didm cira AC. Ldy E thuQc tia ddi cira NM sao cho NM ='NE. Chung minh: a) AE = MC suy ra AE // MC b) AMEA = AABM c) MN ll AB