Từ vựng - Ngữ pháp - Bài tập tiếng Anh 11 (theo Unit hệ 10 năm)

Nội dung text: Từ vựng - Ngữ pháp - Bài tập tiếng Anh 11 (theo Unit hệ 10 năm)

1. Unit 1. THE GENERATION GAP - KEY PART 1: VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR REVIEW A. VOCABULARY afford /ə'fɔ:d/ (v.) cú khả năng chi trả attitude /'ổtɪtju:d/ (n.) thỏi độ burden /'bɜ:dn/ (n.) gỏnh nặng casual /'kổʒuəl/ (adj.) bỡnh thường, thường ngày comfortable /'kʌmftəbl/ (adj.) thoải mỏi, dễ chịu compare /kəm'peə(r)/ (v.) so sỏnh conflict / kɒnflɪkt/ (n.) cuộc xung đột control /kən'trəʊl/ (v.) điểu khiển, chỉ đạo curfew /'kə:fju:/ (n.) lệnh giới nghiờm dye /daɪ/ (v.) nhuộm elegant /'elɪgənt/ (adj.) thanh lịch, tao nhó flashy /'flổʃi/ (adj.) diện, hào nhoỏng forbid /fə'bɪd/ (v.) cấm, ngăn cấm force /fɔ:s/ (v.) bắt buộc frustrating /frʌs'treɪtɪŋ/ (adj.) khú chịu, bực mỡnh interact /ˌɪntə'rổkt/ (v.) tương tỏc, giao tiếp judge /dʒʌdʒ/ (v.) phỏn xột, đỏnh giỏ mature /mə'tʃʊə(r)/ (adj.) trưởng thành, chớn chắn norm /nɔ:m/ (n.) chuẩn mực obey /ə'beɪ/ (v.) võng lời, tuõn thủ pierce /pɪəs/ (v.) xấu khuyờn (tai, mũi ) rude /ru:d/ (adj.) thụ lỗ, lỗ móng sibling /'sɪblɪŋ/ (n.) anh/ chị/ em ruột skinny /skɪni/ (adj.) bú sỏt, ụm sỏt spit /spɪt/ (v.) khạc nhổ swear /sweə(r)/ (v) thề, chửi thề tight /taɪt/ (adj.) bú sỏt, chật trend /trend/ (n.) xu hướng trivial /'trɪviəl/ (adj.) nhỏ nhặt/ lặt vặt value /'vổlju:/ (n.) giỏ trị brand name /brổnd neɪm/ (compound n.) nhón hiệu, thương hiệu bridge the gap /brɪdʒ ðə gổp/ (idiom) giảm thiểu sự khỏc biệt change one's mind /tʃeɪndʒ wʌnz maɪnd/ (idiom) thay đổi quan điểm childcare /'tʃaɪldkeə(r)/ (compound n.) việc chăm súc con cỏi conservative /kən'sɜ:vətɪv/ (adj.) bảo thủ disapproval /ˌdɪsə'pru:vəl/ (n.) sự phản đối, khụng tỏn thành disrespect /ˌdɪsrɪ'spekt/ (v) khụng tụn trọng experienced /ɪk'spɪəriənst/ (adj.) cú kinh nghiệm extended family /ɪk'stendɪd 'fổməli/ (compound n.) gia đỡnh đa thế hệ extracurricular activity /ˌekstrəkə'rɪkjələr ổk' tɪvəti/ (compound n.) hoạt động ngoại khúa fashionable /'fổʃənəbəl/ (adj.) hợp thời trang, theo mốt financial burden /faɪ'nổnʃ1 'bɜ:dən/ (compound n.) gỏnh nặng tài chớnh follow in one's footsteps /'fɒləʊ ɪn wʌnz 'fʊtsteps/ (idiom) theo bước, nối nghiệp generation gap /ˌdʒenəˈreɪʃən ɡổp/ (compound n.) khoảng cỏch giữa cỏc thế hệ
2. homestay /'həʊmsteɪ/ (n) du lịch nghỉ tại nhà dõn impose (on sb) /ɪm'pəʊz/ (v. phr.) ỏp đặt cỏi gỡ vào ai junk food /ˈdʒʌŋk ˌfuːd/ (compound n.) đồ ăn vặt multi-generational /ˈmʌlti ˌdʒenəˈreɪʃənl/ (adj.) đa thế hệ, nhiều thế hệ nuclear family /ˈnjuːkliə ˈfổməli/ (compound n.) gia đỡnh hạt nhõn objection /əbˈdʒekʃən/ (n.) sự phản khỏng open-minded /ˈəʊpən ˈmaɪndɪd/ (adj.) cởi mở outweigh /ˌaʊtˈweɪ/ (v) vượt trội, nhiều hơn perception /pəˈsepʃən/ (n.) nhận thức perspective /pəˈspektɪv/ (n.) gúc nhỡn/ quan điểm privacy /ˈprɪvəsi/ (n.) sự riờng tư relaxation /ˌri:lổkˈseɪʃən/ (n.) thư gión, giải trớ responsible /rɪˈspɒnsəbəl/ (adj.) cú trỏch nhiệm, chịu trỏch nhiệm state-owned /steɪt əʊnd/ (adj.) thuộc về nhà nước soft drink /ˌsɒft ˈdrɪŋk/ (n.) nước ngọt, đồ uống cú ga table manners /ˈteɪbəl ˈmổnərz/ (compound n.) cung cỏch ứng xử tại bàn ăn taste in /teɪst ɪn / (n. phr.) thị hiếu về, khiếu thẩm mỹ về viewpoint /ˈvjuːpɔɪnt/ (n.) quan điểm work out /wɜ:k aʊt/ (phr. v.) tỡm ra B. GRAMMAR REVIEW Modal Verbs: Must vs. Have to, Should vs. Ought to I. Giới thiệu chung về động từ khuyết thiếu 1. Cỏch sử dụng Động từ khuyết thiếu được dựng để nờu lờn khả năng thực hiện hành động, sự bắt buộc, khả năng xảy ra của sự việc, vv. 2. Hỡnh thức - Theo sau chủ ngữ và đứng trước động từ nguyờn thể khụng cú “to” - Khụng chia theo chủ ngữ (trừ trường hợp “have to”) - Thờm “not” phớa sau khi ở dạng phủ định (trừ trường hợp “have to”) Vớ dụ: I must go. (Tụi phải đi rồi.) He should not disturb her now. (Anh ta khụng nờn làm phiền cụ ấy lỳc này.) II. So sỏnh must và have to 1. Dạng khẳng định  Must: Diễn tả sự cần thiết hay bắt buộc mang tớnh chủ quan (do người núi quyết định) S+ must + V Vớ dụ: I must finish the exercises. (Tụi phải hoàn thành bài tập.) Tỡnh huống: Im going to have a party. (Tụi cú ý định đi dự tiệc.)  Have to: Diễn tả ý bắt buộc mang tớnh khỏch quan (do luật lệ, quy tắc hay người khỏc quyết định) S+ have to/ has to/ had to/ + V Vớ dụ: I have to finish the exercises. (Tụi phải hoàn thành bài tập.) Tỡnh huống: Tomorrow is the deadline. (Ngày mai là hạn cuối.) 2. Dạng phủ định  Must not: Diễn tả ý cấm đoỏn S+ must not (mustn't) + V Vớ dụ: You must not eat that. (Bạn khụng được phộp ăn cỏi đú.) Tỡnh huống: It's already stale. (Nú đó bị thiu rồi.)  Not have to: Diễn tả ý khụng cần phải làm gỡ
3. S+ do not (don't)/ does not (doesn't) did not (didn't)/ will not (won't)/ + have to + V Vớ dụ: You do not have to eat that. (Bạn khụng cần phải ăn thứ đú.) Tỡnh huống: I can see you dislike that. (Mỡnh cú thể thấy rằng bạn khụng thớch nú.) III. So sỏnh should và ought to 1. Dạng thức 1.1 Dạng khẳng định: S+ should + V S+ ought to + V Vớ dụ: You should see a doctor if your cough gets worse. (ễng nờn đi khỏm bỏc sĩ nếu bị ho nặng hơn.) You ought to see a doctor if your cough gets worse. (ễng nờn đi khỏm bỏc sĩ nếu bị ho nặng hơn.) 1.2 Dạng phủ định: S+ should not (shouldn't) + V S+ ought not to (oughtn't to) + V Vớ dụ: Mrs. Smith shouldn't keep complaining. (Bà Smith khụng nờn tiếp tục phàn nàn nữa.) Mrs. Smith oughtn't to keep complaining. (Bà Smith khụng nờn tiếp tục phàn nàn nữa.) Lưu ý: Dạng thức phủ định của “ought to” khụng được sử dụng phổ biến bằng dạng thức phủ định của “should” 1.3 Dạng nghi vấn: Should +S+V Ought + S + to + V Vớ dụ: Should we care about the environment? (Chỳng ta cú nờn quan tõm tới mụi trường khụng?) Ought we to care about the environment? (Chỳng ta cú nờn quan tõm tới mụi trường khụng?) Lưu ý: Dạng thức nghi vấn của “ought to” khụng được sử dụng phổ biến bằng dạng thức nghi vấn của “should” 2. Cỏch sử dụng 2.1 Điểm giống: Cả “should” và “ought to” được sử dụng khi hỏi và đưa ra lời khuyờn hoặc gợi ý. Vớ dụ: You should learn English every day. (Bạn nờn học tiếng Anh hàng ngày.) You ought to learn English every day. (Bạn nờn học tiếng Anh hàng ngày.) 2.2 Điểm khỏc: Giữa “should” và “ought to” cú sự khỏc biệt nhỏ trong sắc thỏi của lời khuyờn. Should Ought to Dựng cho lời khuyến mang tớnh chủ quan, thể hiện Dựng với những lời khuyờn mang yếu tố khỏch quan, quan điểm cỏ nhõn của người núi tức là cú sự tỏc động của ngoại cảnh như luật lệ, bổn phận hay quy tắc Vớ dụ: Linda should go to bed early. Vớ dụ: Emily ought to finish the report by 10 a.m. (Linda nờn đi ngủ sớm.) (Emily nờn hoàn thành bản bỏo cỏo trước 10 giờ sỏng.) PART 2: EXERCISES A. PHONETICS I. Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from that of the others in each group. 1. A. bought B. daughter C. cough D. sight 2. A. sure B. soup C. sugar D. machine 3. A. but B. bury C. nut D. young 4. A. measure B. decision C. permission D. pleasure 5. A. dose B. chose C. close D. lose 6. A. position B. oasis C. desert D. resort 7. A. stone B. zone C. phone D. none 8. A. give B. five C. hive D. dive 9. A. switch B. stomach C. match D. catch 10. A. study B. ready C. puppy D. occupy
4. II. Pick out the words whose main stressed syllable is different from the rest. 1. A. facility B. characterize C. irrational D. variety 2. A. agreement B. elephant C. mineral D. violent 3. A. professor B. typical C. accountant D. develop 4. A. electrician B. majority C. appropriate D. traditional 5. A. decay B. vanish C. attack D. depend B. VOCABUALRY AND GRAMMAR I. Choose the odd one out. 1. trend sibling prayer afford 2. casual rude conflict studious 3. sibling obey norm attitude 4. elegant comfortable frustrating trend 5. trivial dye browse afford 6. conflict burden norm mature 7. rude skinny tight pierce 8. curfew flashy value trend 9. attitude tight skinny rude 10. interact swear spit studious II. Complete the sentences using the given words. mustn't don't have to should ought 1. You ___ don't have to ___ type your essay but if you want, you can do it. 2. I ___ mustn't___ go home too late. My parents are very strict. 3. She is an expert adviser; thus, I think you ___ ought ___ to ask her for some advice. 4. You ___ should ___ ask your teacher if you don't understand the lesson. shouldn't have to ought not must 5. I ___ have to ___ finish homework before going to class. My teacher is rather strict. 6. We ___ must ___ show respect to our parents. 7. I think you ___ shouldn't ___ stay up late because it is not good for your health. 8. If you want to help your friend, you ___ ought not ___ to do her homework. Instead, you should show her how to do it by herself. III. Choose one of the two bold words which best completes the sentences. 1. It's cold. You should/shouldn't turn on the fan. 2. You ought not to/ought to do homework before you go out with your friends. 3. You should/shouldn't eat plenty of fruit or vegetables every day in order to keep healthy. 4. You must/mustn't eat in the class. 5. You ought to/ought not to drink a lot of water every day. 6. I must/have to submit my homework before 12 o'clock because the deadline is 12 o'clock. 7. I must/have to stay at home to take care of my children. 8. My friend says: "You don't have to/mustn't drink champagne. You can have a coke or fruit juice instead. 9. You don't have to/mustn't drink if you're going to drive afterwards. 10. You don't have to/mustn't pick up Tom at the airport because Judy will pick him up. IV. Fill in the gaps with "must" and "have to". Use the negative form if necessary. 1. Tomorrow is Mai's birthday. I ___ must ___ buy a present for her. 2. We might ___ have to ___ leave earlier than we expected. 3. If you feel better, you ___ don't have to ___ take medicine any more. 4. I ___ have to ___ leave home at 6:00 because I have an appointment at 7:00. 5. You ___ must not___ eat a lot before doing the exercise. If you do, you might get into some trouble with your stomach.
5. 6. We couldn't find a better present so we ___had to___ choose this one. 7. If you are a member of the club, you ___do not have to___ pay to use these facilities because they are included in the membership fee. 8. I had the flu, so I ___had to___ stay in the bed for two days. 9. If you are under 18 years old, you ___mustn’t ___ ride a motorbike. 10. All students ___have to___ wear uniforms on Mondays. V. Choose the best options to fill in the blanks. 1. You will get into trouble if you come back home after the ___. A. norm B. curfew C. value 2. She doesn't want to waste her money on clothes, so she ignores the ___ fashion trend. A. comfortable B. current C. mature 3. When you ride a motorbike, you must ___ the general road rules. A. judge B. force C. obey 4. I decided to get my nose ___ last week. A. pierced B. forbade C. afforded 5. Instead of ___ someone by their appearance, you should get to know them better. A. swearing B. judging C. controlling 6. Having two children in a family is becoming the ___ in some Asian countries. A. norm B. privacy C. conflict 7. For a change, why don't you ___ your hair red? A. control B. force C. dye 8. My parents do not want me to wear ___ dresses because they think that they aren't suitable for my age. A. tight B. casual C. rude 9. I don't understand why you like ___ clothes. They are too bright and young for your age. A. flashy B. fashionable C. comfortable 10. She whispered a ___ that her sibling wouldn't die. A. sibiling B. burden C. prayer VI. Complete the following sentences using the given words. elegant trivial compared forbid frustrating afford conflict interacts 1. His conservative character would frequently bring him into ___ conflict ___ with others. 2. She is really beautiful in that ___ elegant ___ dress. 3. The challenges I must face were nothing ___ compared ___ to yours. 4. It is ___ frustrating ___ that I must be responsible for all what they did. 5. I have no time to care about such ___ trivial ___ things. 6. My parents ___ forbid ___ me to be rude to others. 7. It is really interesting to see how everyone ___ interacts ___ in the party. 8. It's hard to believe that she can ___ afford___ a new house on her salary. VII. Match each phrase on the left with its definition on the right. 1. Extended family A A. A big family that includes not only the parents and children, but also grandparents, uncles, aunts and cousins, all living under the same roof. 2. Generation gap C B. A family that consists of parents and children. 3. Nuclear family B C. The difference in attitudes or behaviors between younger and older age groups, which can cause a lack of understanding. 4. Extracurricular activity D. The rules of behavior that are typically accepted while people are eating at the E table.
6. 5. Viewpoint F E. An activity that can be done by students but not a part of school or college course. 6. Table manners D F. A person's opinion about the subjects. VIII. Fill in each blank with the correct form of the words in brackets. 1. The elderly are more ___CONSERVATIVE___ about their eating habit. (CONSERVATIVELY) 2. They raised serious ___ OBJECTIONS___ to the proposal. (OBJECT) 3. Thanks to his ___ OPEN-MINDEDNESS ___, every misunderstanding is cleared up. (OPEN MINDED) 4. He shouldn't treat his parents ___ DISRESPECTFULLY___. (DISRESPECT) 5. My wife is ___RESPONSIBLE___ for cooking meals. (RESPONSIBILITY) 6. Teenagers like catching up with ___ FASHIONNABLE___ clothes, which puts a financial burden on their parents. (FASHION) 7. We are in need of ___ EXPERIENCED___ professionals for this subject. (EXPERIENCE) 8. There are at least three ___GENERATIONS__ living under the same roof in my family. (GENERATIONAL) IX. Complete the following sentences using the given words. change your mind impose good taste in bridge the gap follows in 1. If you want to succeed in that aspect, you must ___ change your mind ___. 2. I don't want to ___ impose ___ my decisions on my children. 3. Open communication can ___ bridge the gap ___ between parents and children. 4. She ___ follows in ___ her mother's footsteps, becoming a doctor. 5. The fashion designer has exercised ___ good taste in ___ her use of various colors and patterns. state-owned open-minded work out financial burden homestay 6. She must shoulder the ___ financial burden ___ after her husband's death. 7. Scientists are discussing to ___ work out ___ the best solution to this problem. 8. We recommend ___ homestay ___ for students who want to live with local families. 9. Parents tend to be more ___ open-minded ___ about the children's hairstyles. 10. After graduating from his university, he wants to have a job in a ___ state-owned ___ company. X. Choose the best options to fill in the blanks. 1. This plan can't be carried out because of the widespread public ___. A. relaxation B. disapproval C. perception 2. It is not ___ to wear these trousers at the moment. A. experienced B. fashionable C. conservative 3. You should weigh up the pros and cons of the ___ living. A. objection B. responsible C. multi-generational 4. It is important for parents to respect children's ___. A. privacy B. relaxation C. rudeness 5. The advantages of this plan ___ its disadvantages. A. disrespect B. outweigh C. work out C. READING I. Read and do the tasks below. The generation gap, which refers to a broad difference between one generation and another, especially between young people and their parents, usually leads to numerous conflicts. Such family conflicts can seriously threaten the relationship between parents and children at times. It goes without saying that, however old their children are, parents still regard them as small kids and keep in mind that their offspring are too young to protect themselves cautiously or have wise choices. Therefore, they tend to make a great attempt to help their children to discover the outside world. Nevertheless,
7. they forget that as children grow up, they want to be more independent and develop their own identity by creating their own opinions, thoughts, styles and values about life. One common issue that drives conflicts is the clothes of teenagers. While teens are keen on wearing fashionable clothes which try to catch up with the youth trends, parents who value traditional clothes believe that those kinds of attire violate the rules and the norms of the society. It becomes worse when the expensive brand name clothes teens choose seem to be beyond the financial capacity of parents. Another reason contributing to conflicts is the interest in choosing a career path or education between parents and teenagers. Young people are told that they have the world at their feet and that dazzling future opportunities are just waiting for them to seize. However, their parents try to impose their choices of university or career on them regardless of their children's preference. Indeed, conflicts between parents and children are the everlasting family phenomena. It seems that the best way to solve the matter is open communication to create mutual trust and understanding. Task 1. Decide whether the following statements are True, False or Not Given. 1. According to the passage, the relationship between parents and children is False not easily destroyed by the family conflicts. 2. As children get older, parents let them live on their own way and do what False they are interested in. 3. Teenagers try to please their parents by wearing traditional clothes. Not Given 4. Parents want children to follow their wishes in deciding the education and True future jobs. 5. Some parents indulge their children with expensive brand name clothes. Not Given 6. In order to bridge the gap between the old generation and the younger one, True open communication to promote mutual understanding is the vital key. Task 2. Choose the best answers for the following questions. 1. Why do most parents still treat their teenage children like small kids? A. Because children usually make mistakes B. Because they think that children are too young to live independently. C. Because they think that children can't protect themselves well. 2. The word "offspring" in the second paragraph refers to ___. A. parents B. children C. mind 3. What do parents usually do to help their children as they are young? A. They prepare everything for their children. B. They take care of their children carefully. C. They encourage their children to explore the outside world. 4. Which kinds of clothes do teenagers want to wear? A. latest fashionable clothes B. casual clothes C. shiny trousers and tight tops 5. According to the passage, what are parents' viewpoints about the teenagers' clothes? A. Teenagers' clothes get the latest teen fashion trends. B. Teenagers' clothes are too short and ripped. C. Teenagers' clothes are contrary to the accepted standards and values of the society. 6. Why do teenagers want to choose their university or career? A. They want to explore the world on their own. B. They want to decide their future by themselves. C. Both A and B are correct. 7. The word "seize" in the fourth paragraph is closest in meaning to ___. A. catch B. choose C. find 8. Which can be the best title for the passage? A. Where do parent-child conflicts come from?
8. B. How are children different from their parents? C. How do we bridge the generation gap? II. Read Lan's letter about her family rules and select the best option for each blank. do morning exercise keep my room tidy help around respect swear go out 88 Lang Street Hanoi, Vietnam June 12th, 2017 Dear Sam, Hi! How are you? I'm overjoyed that you're going to stay with my family in one month. In the previous letter, you asked me about our family rules and now, I will tell you about them. Each family has its own rules and mine has a few. Here are some rules of my family. My parents want me to (1.) ___ help around ___ with the housework and other home duties as they think that all family members should share housework. What's more, they tell me to take my studies seriously. They said that learning is very important and it has great influence on my future. Other rules in my family are that I should (2.) ___ do morning exercise __ every day to stay fit and healthy and always (3.) ___ keep my room tidy ___. Apart from these, I am not allowed to (4.) ___ go out ___ late in the evening because this is dangerous. Last but not least, they ask me to (5.) ___ respect ___ elderly and forbid me to (6.) ___ swear ___. I think that family rules play an integral role in helping family members understand one another and improve their own behaviors. If you have any questions, please let me know. I hope you will enjoy your time in Vietnam. I'm looking forward to meeting you. Lots of love, Lan III. Fill in each blank with one suitable word. by differences generational younger comparison history because to A generation gap A generation gap is a popular term used to describe big (1) ___ differences ___ between people of a younger generation and their elders. This can be defined as occurring "when older and (2) ___ younger ___ people do not understand each other (3) ___ because ___ of their different experiences, opinions, habits and behavior." Although some (4) ___ generational ___ differences have existed throughout (5) ___ history ___, during this era differences between the two generations grew significantly in (6) ___ comparison ___ with previous times, particularly with respect (7) ___to___ such matters as musical tastes, fashion, drug use, culture and politics. This may have been magnified (8) ___by___ the unprecedented size of the young Baby Boomer generation, which gave it unprecedented power, influence, and willingness to rebel against social norms. D. WRITING I. Complete the sentences without changing the meaning. 1. They think that it is a good idea for me to do voluntary work. (I) They think that I should do voluntary work / ought to do voluntary work. 2. They insist that I should come home at 9 o'clock every night. (make) They make me come home at 9 o'clock every night. 3. It is very important for us to do well at school. (must) We must do well at school. 4. It is not necessary for me to agree with everything my parents say. (not have) I don’t have to agree with everything my parents say. 5. My parents never let me forget to do my homework. (remind) My parents always remind me to do my homework.
9. 6. They always refuse to allow me to stay overnight at my friend's house. (never let) They never let me stay overnight at my friend's house. 7. My mother expects me to work as a teacher like her. (It is my mother's wish) It is my mother's wish that I should work as a teacher like her. 8. I can go out with my friends at the weekend. (allow) I am allowed to go out with my friends at the weekend. II. Rewrite each sentence using the word(s) in the brackets, without changing its meaning. 1. If I were you, I would spend more time talking with my children. (should) You should spend more time talking with your children. 2. John doesn't get permission to use that computer. (mustn't) John mustn’t use that computer. 3. It is necessary that people who work here leave by 6 p.m. (must) People who work here must leave by 6 p.m. 4. Every staff isn't allowed to smoke or eat in the office. (mustn't) Every staff mustn't smoke or eat in the office. 5. Customers are advised to check their luggage before leaving the airport. (ought to) Customers ought to check their luggage before leaving the airport. 6. It is forbidden for students to cheat in the exam. (mustn't) Students mustn't cheat in the exam. 7. Ms. Ly is in charge of cleaning the floor every day. (has to) Ms. Ly has to clear the floor every day. 8. You are not allowed to take photographs in the museum. (mustn't) You mustn't take photographs in the museum. 9. It would be a good idea for you to share the housework with your mother. (ought to) You ought to share the housework with your mother. 10. It is not necessary for Jack to call Ben today. (doesn't have to) Jack doesn't have to call Ben today. PART 3: TEST YOURSELF A. PHONETICS I. Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from that of the others in each group. 1. A. adopt B. involve C. stroll D. follow 2. A. exist B. mind C. inspire D. provide 3. A. refusal B. music C. student D. studying 4. A. lecturer B. medium C. inventor D. president 5. A. teach B. cheer C. characterize D. watch II. Pick out the words whose main stressed syllable is different from the rest. 1. A. actor B. commit C. fashion D. motion 2. A. education B. industrial C. intelligent D. traditional 3. A. industry B. refugee C. magazine D. Japanese 4. A. freedom B. contact C. furnish D. disturb 5. A. independence B. impractical C. education D. entertainment B. VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR I. Fill in each blank with the given word. nuclear family generation gap hairstyle school children junk food 1. Why is there a ___ generation gap ___ between parents and children? 2. Why are soft drinks and ___ junk food ___ not good for our health?
10. 3. Do you think ___ school children ___ should wear uniforms? 4. Is the ___ nuclear family ___ the perfect type of family? 5. Have your parents ever complained about your ___ hairstyle ___? II. Complete the following sentences. Use affirmative or negative of "must". 1. You ___must___ study harder to get better marks. 2. The boy is only twelve years old. He ___ must not ___ ride a motorbike. 3. Jimmy, you ___ must not ___ bite nails. 4. My classmate is very ill. She ___ must ___ see a doctor as soon as possible. 5. Your hands are dirty. You ___ must ___ wash them before meal. 6. We ___ must ___ brush our teeth at least once a day. 7. Children ___ must not ___ play with dangerous objects like knives and matches. 8. Students ___ must not ___ use mobile phones during the test. 9. Babies ___ must ___ go to bed early. 10. You ___ must not ___ be impolite to elderly people. III. Complete the following sentences. Use affirmative or negative of "have to". 1. Secretaries ___ have to ___ answer the phone. That is a part of their job. 2. Jason and Linda are on holiday. They ___do not have to___ go to school today 3. He ___doesn’t have to___ come if he doesn't want to join with us. 4. You ___ doesn’t have to ___ worry about me! I am ok now. 5. Lam ___has to___ leave her house at 6.30 a.m. in order to get to her school at 7 a.m. 6. All the students ___ have to ___ obey the school rules. 7. Today she doesn't have the literature lesson, so she ___ doesn’t have to ___ bring her literature book. 8. I ___ have to ___ take these books back to the school library on time or I will get a fine. 9. There is a lift in this building, so we ___ do not have to ___ climb the stairs. 10. Susan doesn't like her new job. Sometimes she ___has to___ work at weekends. IV. Complete the following sentences. Use affirmative or negative of "ought to". 1. You ___ ought to ___ study harder to get better marks. 2. They ___ought not to___ be angry. It isn't good for their health. 3. A: It's so cold. B: You ___ ought to ___ put on your thick coat before going out. 4. If somebody steals your wallet, you ___ ought to ___ tell the police. 5. You ___ ought not to ___ buy that meat. It doesn't look fresh enough. 6. She ___ ought not to ___ stay up too late at night as she may feel tired in the morning. 7. Candidates ___ ought not to ___ wear shorts and a T-shirt to a job interview. 8. It's raining. If you don't want your dress to get wet, you ___ ought to ___ take an umbrella. 9. You are driving too fast. You ___ ought to ___ slow down. 10. Lisa ___ ought not to ___ treat her younger sister badly. It makes her very unhappy. V. Choose the incorrect underlined part in the following sentences. 1. You (A) have to (B) made sure that children (C) don't play outside alone. 2. You (A) mustn't (B) uses the motorbike without a driver's license. It's (C) against the law. 3. Drivers (A) haven't (B) to stop at (C) yellow traffic lights. 4. You (A) ought (B) to taking him (C) to the emergency room. 5. During the lesson, (A) does you (B) have (C) to listen to your teacher carefully and take notes quickly. 6. Students (A) don't have to (B) consume (C) food or drink in the class or in the library. 7. Get out of the grass! (A) You (B) must walk on the grass (C) here. 8. The baby (A) is sleeping. (B) You (C) don't have to shout. 9. Lien, we (A) must (B) are (C) quicker or we will miss the last train to Hai Phong city. 10. You (A) have to (B) feed the dog. (C) I've already fed it.
11. VI. Cross out the wrong part in the following sentences. 1. You don't have to/ must eat anything you don't like. 2. If you don't want to have a sore throat, you don't have to/ oughtn't to drink too much iced water. 3. Flight attendants have to/ mustn't take care of passengers on the plane. 4. During the lesson, students don't have to/ mustn't leave class without the teacher's permission. 5. Her mother cooks for her, so she herself doesn't have to/mustn't cook. 6. Smokers don't have to/ mustn't smoke in public places. This is stated in a new law. 7. Drinks are free for today. It means that you don't have to/mustn't pay money for drinks today. 8. Kelvin won the lottery last year, so he doesn't have to/mustn't work now. 9. According to the company regulations, staff have to/ must finish their work with highest efficiency. 10. To be healthy, we mustn't/ ought to eat healthful food and do the exercise regularly. C. READING I. Read the text and do the following task. Types of Families A family is a group of people that have a common ancestor. They usually live together in the same house. Although it is a fact that not all families are the same, they can be categorized into different types. A nuclear family consists of parents and their children living together. In many countries in Europe and North American this is the most common form of family. There are three types of nuclear families. In the first type the father works and the mother cares for the children. In the second type, the mother works and the father stays at home with the children. In the third type of family, both parents work. This last type of family is the most common in the USA and Canada. In an extended family, different family members such as grandparents, aunts, uncles and cousins live together. In many areas of the world, such as Asia, the Middle East, Africa, Latin America, and Southern Europe, this type of family is common. Recently in some countries, couples are choosing to have only one child. These types of families are called single child families. Some people believe that children raised in these kinds of families are spoilt, selfish and lonely. But research doesn't support this. Some families have no children at all. The couples that make up these families sometimes make the choice not to have children because they want to have more free time. Some couples choose not to have children for financial reasons. Families with only one parent are called single parent families. There are several causes of these types of families. The first reason is divorce. Another reason is that the one of the parent dies, leaving the surviving parent widowed. Additionally, some parents never get married in the first place. When the husband or wife in a marriage brings children with them from a past marriage, this is called a blended or reconstituted family. This type of family has become more common due to the increase in divorces. For some children this kind of family can be good because there are two parents, instead of just one. But there can also be some difficulties as the two new families try to become one. As the basis of all societies, families of all types are very important. This is true now and will be true in the future as well. Match each description of a family on the left with a type of family on the right. 1. Two years ago Darrel and Tanya got married. Before they got married Childless Family 4 Darrel had three sons and Tanya had a daughter. Now they all live together. 2. Hiroshi's wife died several years ago of cancer. He now raises his two sons Blended Family 1 Tomo and Taiki by himself. 3. Jose and Maria live with their 3 children. They also live with their parents, Single Child Family 5 an uncle and an aunt.
12. 4. Husband and wife Dalee and Meegung have been married for two years. Nuclear Family 6 They are both very successful business people and don't have any children. 5. Harry and his wife Jane have been married for six years. They have one Extended Family 3 daughter named Melissa. 6. Jack and Betty, who have been married for over 15 years, have two children Single Parent Family 2 named Daniel and Chirstine. II. Read the text and answer the questions. Teenagers today are undergoing lots of changes. They are between the ages of 13 to 19. Many of them are undergoing physical and emotional changes. These are the stages in the teenagers that are unavoidable. The teenage life is full of happiness, sadness, enjoyment and it can be interesting too. This is because in the teenage life that a teenager is subjected to physical growth, hormonal changes and even dilemmas. They may be in a stage of conflict like undergoing puppy love. This is only a normal part of life. Making friends is part and parcel of a teenager's life. The teenager should enjoy life by making friends with peers and participate in healthy activities such as camping, picnic, kayaking, swimming and so on. Through friends, a teenager learns to joke, laugh and play to release stress and tension. By making friends, the teenager learns to sweeten his or her joys and even eases the bitterness of life's downtime. Many teenagers are very conscious of their physical outlook. It is at this part of their life that beauty strikes as the main self-image. They love to follow up with the latest trends for dressing, hairstyle and even look good with their physical image. Some girls and boys go on a crash diet to slim down in order to look attractive. Others may suffer from acne and pimples that may scar their external beauty. Another stage in a teenager is the teenager's love life. There are chemical changes in the body and so the teenager tends to have a sense of feelings for the opposite sex. They will experience love and rejection. These sometimes will affect their studies. Parents tend to play a role in a teenager's life. Parents today are overly concern over their children's well- being. They like to control their freedom and have a say what the teenagers do. Hence, we have cases of disagreements, disputes, quarrels and even runaways from homes among some teenage girls. There are also negative problems that may pop out during a teenage life. A teenager is not well guided may fall into the wrong path. Some teenagers are involved in drugs trafflicking, smoking, drinking and smuggling of illegal products into the country. Others tend to vent their anger by vandalizing public property. We have those with no regard and respect for the elders. The mass media has an influence over the lives of many teenagers. Violent action movies, obscene shows and pornography surfed from the Internet can bring a disastrous effect on a teenager's life. There will be more harm than good if nothing is done. 1. From paragraph 1 (a) What is the age range of a teenager? (b) What are the changes that a teenager undergoes? (a) In the 13 to 19 age range. (b) Physical and emotional changes. 2. From paragraph 2 (a) Why is it that a teenage life is full of ups and downs? (b) What kind of conflict does a teenage face? (a) A teenager is subjected to physical growth, hormonal changes and even dilemmas. (b) The teenager undergoes puppy love. 3. From paragraph 3 List activities that a teenager can get involved in. Camping, picnic, kayaking and swimming. 4. From paragraph 4
13. What are the things that a teenager likes to keep up to date with? Dressing, hairstyle, physical image. 5. From paragraph 8 State why parents are worried about their teenagers. Answer in your own words. Parents are worried about their teenagers because of the influence from the mass media such as violent movies, obscene shows and pornography that may have a diverse effect over the youngsters. III. Read an article about how to make a list of family rules and answer reading comprehension questions. Family Rules Would you like to have a boss who didn't specify what the rules were in your work place but punished you if you broke these unknown rules? You would feel pretty frustrated, wouldn't you? That's how children feel when they are punished for breaking rules that have never been explained to them. Family rules are necessary to make clear what is expected of children and to outline punishments for misbehavior and rewards for good behavior. When creating a list of family rules remember to be specific both in what is expected and the punishment or reward. Gather the family together when creating the list of family rules. Involve children in the creation of the rules and get their input as to appropriate rewards or punishments. Explain to children why youd like to include certain rules. They'll accept them more if they understand that they are for their own benefit and safety. You can create the list of rules in the form of a contract which all family members sign. Before completing the contract make sure that all family members are in agreement as to the wording of the rules and the punishments or rewards for each rule. Once the rules have been created, remember to be consistent with their enforcement. The list of rules doesn't mean anything unless it is consistently enforced. 1. Why do we need a list of family rules? To clarity what’s expected of children. 2. Why should we explain to children the reason behind the rules? They will be more willing to accept them. 3. Who should sign the family rules contract? The parents and children. 4. What could happen if you don't consistently enforce the rules? Children won’t take the contract seriously. IV. Read and fill in the blanks. recognize dangers generation acting understand individuals according along control teens (1. ___ according ___) to the results of a survey in USA WEEKEND Magazine, there isn't really a generation gap. The magazine's "Teens & Parents" survey shows that today's generation of young people generally get (2. ___ along ___) well with their parents and appreciate the way they're being raised. Most feel that their parents (3. ___ understand ___) them, and they believe their parents consider family as the No. 1 priority in their lives. Although more than a third of (4. ___ teens ___) have something in their rooms they would like to keep secret from their parents, it is usually nothing more harmful than a diary or a CD. Such results may seem surprising in the context of the violent events that people hear about in the media. Maybe because of the things they hear, parents worry that their own kids might get out of (5. __ control __) once they reach the teenage years. However, the facts in the survey should make us feel better. The survey shows us that today's teens are loving and sensible. They are certainly happier than the angry people in the teenage stereotypes we all know about. True, some teenagers are very angry, and we need to (6. __ recognize__) their needs, but the great majority of teens are not like that at all.
14. In contrast to some stereotypes, most teens believe they must be understanding about differences among (7. ___ individuals ___). Many of them volunteer for community service with disadvantaged people. When they talk about themselves, their friends and their families, they sound positive and proud. Generally, these are very nice kids. Is this spirit of harmony a change from the past? Only a generation ago, parent child relations were described as the "(8. ___ generation ___) gap". Yet even then, things were not so bad. Most kids in the 1960s and 1970s shared their parents' basic values. Perhaps, however, it is true that American families are growing closer at the beginning of this new millennium. Perhaps there is less to fight about, and the (9. ___ dangers ___) of drug abuse and other unacceptable behavior are now well known. Perhaps, compared to the impersonal world outside the home, a young person's family is like a friendly shelter, not a prison. And perhaps parents are (10. ___ acting ___) more like parents than they did 20 or 30 years ago. D. WRITING I. Rewrite the following sentences and add the available modal verbs to the appropriate position. 1. If you go swimming in the sea, you wear a life jacket. (ought to) If you go swimming in the sea, you ought to wear a life jacket. 2. I will tell you my secret, but you tell anyone. (mustn't) I will tell you my secret, but you mustn't tell anyone. 3. You spend too much time playing computer games. You stop that. (must) You spend too much time playing computer games. You must stop that. 4. Phuong loves chocolate, but she eat too much, or she will gain weight. (oughtn't to) Phuong loves chocolate, but she oughtn't to eat too much, or she will gain weight. 5. We wear helmets when we ride a motorbike. (have to) We have to wear helmets when we ride a motorbike. 6. I book the tickets in advance. (don't have to) I don't have to book the tickets in advance. 7. Alia, you say rude words like that. (mustn't) Alia, you mustn't say rude words like that. 8. We play table tennis. We can play chess instead. (don't have to) We don't have to play table tennis. We can play chess instead. 9. Children put their hands into sockets. That is very dangerous. (mustn't) Children mustn't put their hands into sockets. That is very dangerous. 10. Doctors sometimes work at the weekends and on national holidays. (have to) Doctors sometimes have to work at the weekends and on national holidays. II. Rewrite sentences with the same meaning as sentences given, using the given words and the correct form of modal verbs in parentheses. 1. I advise him to stop wasting money on lottery. (ought to) He ought to stop wasting money on lottery. 2. It's necessary for you to finish your homework before going to bed. (must) You must finish your homework before going to bed. 3. It isn't necessary for you to bring food and drink for lunch. (have to) You don’t have to bring food and drink for lunch. 4. Fishing is not allowed in this park. (must) You mustn’t fish in this park. 5. Every receptionist in our hotel is obliged to wear a uniform. (have to) Every receptionist in our hotel has to wear a uniform. 6. It's forbidden to sell cigarettes to children. (must not) Shops must not sell cigarettes to children.
15. 7. It's optional for waiters to wear a tie. (have to) Waiters don’t have to wear a tie. 8. His doctor advises him not to drink too much alcohol. (ought to) He ought not to drink too much alcohol. 9. It's obligatory for every employee to keep the company's information secret. (have to) Every employee has to keep the company's information secret. 10. Teachers advise me to study English to get a good job. (ought to) I ought to study English to get a good job.