Tiếng Anh 8 - Chuyên đề 12: Mệnh đề quan hệ (relative clauses)

Nội dung text: Tiếng Anh 8 - Chuyên đề 12: Mệnh đề quan hệ (relative clauses)

1. CHUYÊN ĐỀ 12: MỆNH ĐỀ QUAN HỆ (RELATIVE CLAUSES) ❖ Mệnh đề quan hệ: Mệnh đề quan hệ là mệnh đề dùng để giải thích rõ hơn về danh từ đứng trước nó. Nó được nối bởi một đại từ quan hệ. Ví dụ: The woman who is talking to the teacher is my mother. Trong câu này phần được viết chữ nghiêng được gọi là một relative clause, nó đứng sau danh từ “the woman” và dùng để xác định danh từ đó. Mệnh đề quan hệ được sử dụng với một đại từ quan hệ Nhóm mình có 18 chuyên đề ôn thi Học Sinh Giỏi Tiếng Anh 9 có key đầy đủ, hãy liên hệ Zalo nhóm mình 0988166193 để có tài liệu 1. Các đại từ quan hệ Đại từ Cách sử dụng Ví dụ quan hệ Who Làm chủ ngữ và thay thế cho 1 danh từ chỉ I told you about the woman who lives next người door. Whom Làm tân ngữ và thay thế cho 1 danh từ chỉ I was invited by the professor whom I met người at the conference. Which Làm chủ ngữ hoặc tân ngữ và thay thế cho 1 Do you see the cat which is lying on the danh từ chỉ người hoặc vật. roof? She gave me a book which I like very much. Whose Chỉ sở hữu; whose được dùng với cả người và Do you know the boy whose mother is a vật nurse? That Có thể dùng thay thế cho who/ whom/ which The boy that (who) is the most intelligent trong mệnh đề quan hệ xác định. in this class is my brother. The doctor that (whom) you met at the hospital is very talented. I like the dress that (which) she is wearing.  Chú ý: Có 2 loại mệnh đề quan hệ là mệnh đề quan hệ hạn định và mệnh đề quan hệ không hạn định. Mệnh đề quan hệ hạn định Mệnh đề quan hệ không hạn định (Defining relative clause) (Non-defíning relative clause) Đây là mệnh đề cần thiết. Mệnh đề này là một bộ Đây là loại mệnh đề không cần thiết vì tiền ngữ đã phận của câu. Thiếu nó câu sẽ không đầy đủ ý được xác định, không có nó câu vẫn đủ nghĩa. nghĩa. Mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định được ngăn với Ví dụ: mệnh đề chính bàng các dấu phẩy. Trước danh từ - I told you about the woman who lives next door. thường có: this, that, these, those, my, his hoặc tên riêng. - I was invited by the professor whom 1 met at the conference. Ví dụ: - Do you see the cat which is lying on the roof? - That man, whom you saw yesterday, is Mr Pike. She gave me a book which I like very much. - This is Mr Jones, who helped me last week. - Do you know the boy whose mother is a nurse? - Mary, whose sister 1 know, has won an Oscar. Lưu ý: Có thể dùng THAT trong mệnh đề quan hệ - Harry told me about his new job, which he's hạn định. enjoying very much. Lưu ý: Không được dùng THAT trong mệnh đề quan hệ không hạn định (non-defining relative clause). 1
2. 2. Relative adverb (Trạng từ quan hệ) Trạng từ quan hệ có thể được sử dụng thay cho một đại từ quan hệ và giới từ. Cách nói này sẽ làm cho câu dễ hiểu hơn. Ví dụ: This is the shop in which I bought my bike. This is the shop where I bought my bike. Trạng từ Nghĩa Cách sử dụng Ví dụ quan hệ when in/on which Thay thế cho danh từ chỉ cụm thời gian I remember the day when we met him where in/at which Thay thế cho danh từ chỉ nơi chốn I remember the place where we met him why for which Thay thế cho danh từ chỉ lí do I remember the reason why we met him BÀI TẬP VẬN DỤNG CHUYÊN ĐỀ 12: MỆNH ĐỀ QUAN HỆ (RELATIVE CLAUSES) Exercise 1: Choose the correct answers: relative pronouns. 1. The book I bought at the bookstore yesterday is expensive. A. who B. whose C. that D. B and C are correct 2. What is the name of the blonde girl just came in? A. who B. whose C. whom D. A and B are correct 3. I don’t like people lose their tempers easily. A. who B. whose C. that D. A and C are correct 4. Mexico City, has a population of over 10 million, is probably the fastest growing city in the world. A. which B. whose C. that D. A and C are correct 5. This is Henry sister works for my father. A. who B. whose C. that D. A and C are correct 6. The girl design had been chosen stepped to the platform to receive the award. A. whose B. whom C. that D. which 7. Could you iron the trousers are hanging up behind the door? A. who B. which C. that D. B and C are correct 8. Where is the girl sell tickets? A. who B. whose C. whom D. A and C are correct 9. The man we consider our leader had much experience in climbing mountains. A. who B. whose C. whom D. A and C are correct 10. The artist name I couldn’t remember was one of the best I had ever seen. A. who B. whose C. that D. A and C are correct Exercise 2: Choose the correct answers: relative adverbs. 1. A café is a small restaurant people can get a light meal. A. where B. which C. that D. All are correct 2. Alaska, my brother lives, is the largest state in the US. A. which B. where C. who D. All are correct 3. This is the house we often stay in the summer. A. where B. which C. that D. All are correct 4. Do you remember the clock tower I first met you? A. where B. which C. that D. All are correct 5. Tell me the reason you were absent yesterday. A. where B. when C. why D. that 6. There was a time dinosaurs dominated the earth. A. which B. when C. that D. why 2
3. 7. The house in I was born and grew up was destroyed in an earthquake ten years ago. A. which B. where C. that D. All are correct 8. Summer is the time of the year the weather is the hottest. A. that B. which C. when D. B and C are correct 9. The reason Jim has just lost his job is that he didn’t work hard enough. A. that B. which C. why D. B and C are correct 10. They hid me the money in a place it was safe from robbers. A. which B. where C. that D. All are correct Exercise 3: Complete the sentences with relative pronoun: who, whom, that, which. Nhóm mình có 18 chuyên đề ôn thi Học Sinh Giỏi Tiếng Anh 9 có key đầy đủ, hãy liên hệ Zalo nhóm mình 0988166193 để có tài liệu 1. Have you got the money I lent you yesterday? 2. Peter, I had seen earlier, wasn’t at the party. 3. This is the machine cost half a million pounds. 4. Mary, had been listening to the conversation, looked angry. 5. Have you read the book I gave you? 6. The house, they bought three months ago, looks lovely. 7. Mrs. Jackson, had been very ill, died yesterday. 8. She is the woman sister looks after the baby for us. 9. The dog, had been very quiet, suddenly started barking. 10. I didn’t receive the letters she sent me. Exercise 4: Complete the sentences with relative pronoun or adverb. 1. Please tell me the reason I should let you go 2. Tell me the countries the traffic moves on the left-hand side. 3. We keep our bread in the fridge it doesn’t go bad 4. I used to enjoy the summer we had a big family picnic. 5. Did you remember the day 6. Thank you very much for the present I first met you? you sent me. 7. This is Mrs. Jones, son won the championship last year. 8. All of the people are looking at the man son has been kidnapped. 9. The student with she was dancing had a slight limb. 10. The man for I was waiting didn’t turn up. Exercise 5: Complete the sentences with relative pronoun: who, whom, that, which. 1. Tom made a number of suggestions, most of were very helpful. 2. Mart has three brothers, all of are married. 3. We were given a lot of information, most of was useless. 4. There were a lot of people at the party, only a few of I had met before. 5. I sent her two letters, neither of she has received. 6. I have two sisters, both of are doctors. 7. He lent me many picture-books, most of I had red. 8. The bur crashed into a queue of people. Four of were killed. 9. He paid me $5 for cleaning ten windows, most of hadn't been cleaned for at least a year. 10. In prison they fed us on dry bread, most of was moldy. Exercise 6: Complete the sentences with relative adverb. 1. We visited the school my father taught. 2. I met her last month, she came to our house. 3. We all looked at the place the fire had started. 4. Did they tell you the reason they were late? 5. We must find a time we can meet and a place we can talk. 6. They arrived in the evening, at a time we were all out. 3
4. 7. I couldn’t understand the reason they were so rude. 8. I met him in the café he was working as a waiter. 9. I listen to music late at night, the children have gone to bed. 10. I bought them in August, I was in France. Exercise 7: Complete the sentences with preposition + relative pronoun. 1. The house I was born is for sales. 2. It is the chair he used to sit for meals. 3. In the middle of the village, there is a well the villagers take water to drink. 4. I must thank the people I got the present. 5. Do you know the doctor I send? 6. The man I was telling you is standing over there. 7. This is the man I gave some money this morning. 8. Ms. Young, many of her students are writing, is living happily and peacefully in Canada. 9. I like the teacher I learnt English in high school. 10. I’m doing a group work. Mr. John I was working is so generous and kind. Exercise 8: Match each pair of sentences with suitable relative pronoun. 1. This is the man. I met him in Paris. 2. I wanted the painting. You bought it. 3. This is the chair. My parents gave it to me. 4. She’s the woman. She telephoned the police. 5. He’s the person. He wanted to buy your house. 6. We threw out the computer. It never worked properly. 7. This is the lion. It’s been ill recently. 8. The man was badly injured. He was driving the car. 9. The children broke the window. They live in the next street. 10. That’s the woman. I was telling you about her. Exercise 9: Match each pair of sentences with suitable relative adverb. 1. Last week I went to see the house. I used to live in it. 2. He used to go to work late. That’s why he was sacked. 3. I never forget the park. We met each other for the first time at this park. 4. The report was prepared yesterday. There was a heavy rain outside yesterday. 5. Her husband was abroad in September. She bought this house at that time. 6. This is my beloved school. I studied here when I was young. 4
5. 7. They came home very late last night. Most of the family member had gone to sleep at that time. 8. I bought these pencils at the shop over there. 9. John was absent from class yesterday. She knew the reason for this but she didn’t tell the teacher. 10. Everybody is off on Sunday. The children often go swimming on Sunday Exercise 10: Match each pair of sentences with suitable relative adverb or relative pronoun. 1. These children are orphans. She is taking care of these children. 2. You were out three hours ago. You had a missed call at that time. 3. He never forgets the year 1982. His own company went bankrupt in 1982 4. My father goes swimming every day. You met him this morning. 5. There are a lot of fruit in summer. The weather is hot in summer. 6. The man is my father. I respect this man most. 7. I can have a good sleep on Saturday night. It is the best time of a week. 8. The man is my father. I respect his opinion most. 9. Mary and Margaret are twins. You met them yesterday. 10. The students will be awarded tomorrow. It is forecasted to have a rain tomorrow. ANSWER KEY Exercise 1: Choose the correct answers: relative pronouns. Nhóm mình có 18 chuyên đề ôn thi Học Sinh Giỏi Tiếng Anh 9 có key đầy đủ, hãy liên hệ Zalo nhóm mình 0988166193 để có tài liệu 1. C 2. A 3. D 4. A 5. B 6. A 7. D 8. A 9. D 10. B Exercise 2: Choose the correct answers: relative adverbs. 1. A 2. B 3. A 4. A 5. C 6. B 7. A 8. C 9. C 10. B Exercise 3: Complete the sentences with relative pronoun: who, whom, that; which. 1. which/that 2. who/whom 3. which/that 4. who 5. which/that 6. which 7. who 8. whose 9. which 10. which/that Exercise 4: Complete the sentences with relative pronoun or adverb. 1. why 2. where 3. where 4. when 5. when 6. which/that 7. whose 8. whose 9. whom 10. whom 5
6. Exercise 5: Complete the sentences with relative pronoun: who, whom, that, which. 1. which 2. whom 3. which 4. whom 5. which 6. whom 7. which 8. whom 9. which 10. which Exercise 6: Complete the sentences with relative adverb. 1. where 2. when 3. where 4. why 5. when; where 6. when 7. why 8. where 9. when 10. when Exercise 7: Complete the sentences with preposition + relative pronoun. 1. in which 2. on which 3. from which 4. from whom 5. for whom 6. about whom 7. to whom 8. to whom 9. with whom 10. with whom Exercise 8: Match each pair of sentences with suitable relative pronoun. 1. This is the man who/whom I met in Paris. 2. I wanted the painting which/that you bought. 3. This is the chair which/that my parents gave me. 4. She’s the woman who/that telephoned the police. 5. He’s the person who/that wanted to buy your house. 6. We threw out the computer which/that never worked properly. 7. This is the lion which/that has been ill recently. 8. The man who/that was driving the car was badly injured. 9. The children who/that live in the next street broke the window. 10. That’s the woman who/whom I was telling you about. Nhóm mình có 18 chuyên đề ôn thi Học Sinh Giỏi Tiếng Anh 9 có key đầy đủ, hãy liên hệ Zalo nhóm mình 0988166193 để có tài liệu Exercise 9: Match each pair of sentences with suitable relative adverb. 1. Last week I went to see the house where I used to live. 2. The reason why he was sacked was that he used to go to work late. 3. I never forget the park where we met each other for the first time. 4. The report was prepared yesterday when there was a heavy rain outside. 5. She bought this house in September when her husband was abroad. 6. This is my beloved school where I studied when I was young. 7. They came home very late last night when most of the family member had gone to sleep. 8. The shop where I bought these pencils are over there. 9. She knew the reason why John was absent from class yesterday, but she didn’t tell the teacher. 10. The children often go swimming on Sunday when everybody is off. Exercise 10: Match each pair of sentences with suitable relative adverb or relative pronoun. 1. These children who she is taking care of are orphans. 2. You had a missed call three hours ago when you were out. 3. He never forgets the year 1982 when his own company went bankrupt. 4. My father whom you met this morning goes swimming everyday. 5. There are a lot of fruit in summer when the weather is hot. 6. The man I respect most is my father. 7. Saturday night is the best time of a week when I can have a good sleep. 8. The man whose opinion I respect most is my father. 9. Mary and Margaret who you met yesterday are twins. 10. The students will be awarded tomorrow when it is forecasted to have a rain. 6