Đề cương ôn tập tiếng Anh 8 cuối học kì II

Nội dung text: Đề cương ôn tập tiếng Anh 8 cuối học kì II

1. TRƯỜNG THCS PHÚ AN TỔ TIẾNG ANH ĐỀ CƯƠNG ÔN TẬP TIẾNG ANH 8 CUỐI HKII 2020-2021 UNIT 7: POLLUTION A. Theory I. Vocabulary Write types of pollution in English( Viết các loại ô nhiễm vào ô tương ứng) Ô nhiễm Ô nhiễm Ô nhiễm Ô nhiễm Ô nhiễm Ô nhiễm Ô nhiễm Ô nhiễm đất nước không khí tiếng ồn ánh sáng nhiệt phóng xạ tầm nhìn II. Grammar 1. Cause- effect Cause- Nguyên nhân Effect- Hậu quả _Because, _since___, ___As___+ S-V-O ___So___, S-V-O __Because of, Due to, owing to+ N/Ving __Cause__, _lead to_, Result in__+N/ ST 2. Conditional sentences: Write the form TYPE 1: LOẠI 1 TYPE 2: LOẠI 2 FORM: IF__S + V(S/ES) + 0__, S + WILL + IF_S+ V(2/ED) + 0_, __S + WOULD+ V-bare___ V-BARE___ FORM:_ S + WILL + V-bare IF__S + V(S/ES) + 0 S + WOULD +V-bare IF + S + V(2/ed) In if clause: he, she, it+ (be)__was__, _were To give advice: ___ B. EXERCISES I. Find the word which has a different sound in the underlined part. 1. A. measure B. leather C. clean D. feather 2. A. treatment B. earplug C. hearing D. fear II. Find the word which has a different stress pattern from the others. 3. A. medical B. national C. chemical D. informal 4. A. dramatic B. tornado C. historic D. injury III. Choose the best answer (A, B, C or D). 1. loss can be caused by noise pollution. A. sound B. hearing C. listening D. audio 2. Ships spill oil in oceans and rivers. This leads the death of many aquatic animals and plants. A. to B. in C. from D. at 3. Households pollute water sources by waste into ponds, lakes, and rivers. A. damaging B. dumping C. losing D. leading 4. This month’s electricity bill is too high the air conditioner is turned on all the time. A. since B. due to C. although D. because of 5. The government has come a solution to the water problems of the city. A. up to B. up with C. to with D. on to 6. All the aquatic plants and animals will die if the factory dumping poison into the lake. A. will keep B. to keep C. kept D. keeps 7. A lot of fish has died recently because of the water in this lake. A. contaminating B. contaminated C. contaminate D. contaminant 8. If the air was clean, we have to wear masks when going out. A. wouldn’t B. won’t C. would D. will 9. If I you, I water from that dirty tap. A. am - will drink B. am - won’t drink C. were - would drink D. were - wouldn’t drink 10. If he trash around his garden, the garden would look very nice now. A. will throw B. would throw C. didn’t throw D. doesn’t throw 1
2. IV. Complete the sentences with the verbs in brackets. Use conditional sentences type 1. 1. If the air in a City___ (get) very polluted, it can make people’s eyes burn. 2. If we dump all sorts of Chemicals into rivers, we___ (not be) able to swim in them in the future. 3. Many wildlife habitats will be destroyed if people___ (keep) polluting the environment. 4. If we all use public transport more, we___ (help) reduce air pollution. 5. If we___ (not stop) over-fishing the oceans, many species___ (become) extinct. V. Complete the sentences with the verbs in brackets. Use conditional sentences type 2. 1. If people___ (not be) so careless, Earth wouldn’t be in danger. 2. The amount of waste ___ (decrease) if people started to buy reusable packages. 3. Many fish wouldn’t die if factories___ (not dump) so many Chemicals into rivers and oceans. 4. If people stopped using cars completely, there___ (be) much less pollution. READING I. Read the passage and complete the sentences. True (T) or false (F). Air pollution is a serious problem in many cities. Motor vehicles, factories and other sources create so much air pollution that it may hang in the air like dirty fog. Air pollution threatens the health of the people who live in cities. City wastes cause water pollution when they are poured into the waterways. These wastes kill fish and make some areas unfit for swimming. In addition, many large cities have difficulties in disposing of their garbage. The amount of garbage grows each year, but places to put it are quickly filling up. Citizens, governments, industries, scientists, and business people must work together in different ways to gradually reduce pollution. For example, most cities have introduced recycling programmes.  1. Motor vehicles and factories are among some sources of air pollution.  2. Air pollution doesn’t endanger people‟s health in some cities.  3. Air pollution is the only problem of the environment mentioned in this passage.  4. Garbage disposal is a problem in many large cities.  5. Everyone must cooperate to reduce pollution.  6. We can reduce pollution by recycling programmes only. II. Read the passage. Choose the best answer (A, B, C or D). There are three main (1) of pollution: air pollution, water pollution and noise pollution. Air, which is the most important element of our environment for our (2) , can be polluted in many ways. Smoke in the air from mills, factories and industry (3) carbon, monoxide, carbon dioxide, and methane, which are all poisonous gases. This leads (4) health problems like asthma and lung diseases, and the thinning of the ozone layer, which (5) us from harmful UV ray. China, the USA, Russia, India, Mexico and Japan are the world leaders in air pollution (6) 1. A. types B. kinds C. models D. both A & B 2. A. survival B. survive C. surviving D. survived 3. A. includes B. include C. contains D. contain 4. A. in B. into C. to D. from 5. A. prevents B. protects C. avoids D. hides 6. A. emissions B. emitted C. emission D. emitting WRITING I. Rewrite the following sentences based on the given words. 1. People don’t care much about environment, so they keep making it worse. CONDITIONAL SENTENCE TYPE 2 (Dùng câu điều kiện loại 2 để viết lại câu) → If people ___ 3. She suffered from a serious disease because of drinking contaminated water in a long time. SINCE (Sử dụng SINCE để viết lại câu) → ___ 3. The air is so dirty. I sneeze so much. CONDITIONAL SENTENCE TYPE 2( Sử dụng câu điều kiện loại 2 để viết lại câu) -> ___ 4. Their children have birth defects. The parents were exposed to radiation. BECAUSE(Dùng because để nối 2 câu thành một câu) ->___ 2
3. 5. The air pollution causes breathing problems. LEADS TO ( Sử dụng lead to để viết lại câu) ___ Sample writing. UNIT 8: ENGLISH SPEAKING COUNTRIES. ❶ PRONUNCIATION Stress in words ending in -ese and -ee (Trọng âm của từ có kết thúc bằng đuôi -ese và -ee) 2. GRAMMAR SIMPLE PRESENT PRESENT CONTINUOUS (THÌ HIỆN TẠI ĐƠN) (THÌ HIỆN TẠI TIẾP DIỄN) CẤU TRÚC Khẳng định: S + Vs/es + O S + is/am/are + V-ing Phủ định: S + do/does + not + V S + is/am/are not + V-ing Nghi vấn: Do/Does + S + V? Is/Am/Are + S + V-ing? Dấu hiệu Thường có các từ: always, every, Thường có các từ: now, at the nhận biết: usually, often, generally, moment, at present, right now frequently. PRESENT PERFECT PRESENT PERFECT (THÌ HIỆN TẠI HOÀN CONTINUOUS THÀNH) (THÌ HIỆN TẠI HOÀN THÀNH TIẾP DIỄN) CẤU TRÚC Khẳng định: S + have/ has + PII S + have/ has + been + V-ing Phủ định: S + have/ has + not + PII S + haven’t/ hasn’t + been + V-ing Nghi vấn: Have/ has + S + PII? Have/ has + S + been + V-ing? Dấu hiệu Thường có các từ: already, not For + time nhận biết: yet, just, ever, never sine, for, recently, before. I. How much do you know about English speaking countries? Choose the best answers. 1. Where is Disney World? A. Texas B. California C. Florida D. Arizona 2. Which country is home to the kangaroo? A. Canada B. New Zealand C. The USA D. Australia 3. Loch Ness, known for sightings of a monster called Nessie, is a large and deep lake in___. A. Wales B. North Ireland C. Scotland D. England 4. Wanaka is one of the most visited and favoured towns in___ . A. England B. Singapore C. New Zealand D. Canada 5. Which is the largest English speaking country? A. Canada B. The UK C. The US D. Australia 6. What is the name of the most famous clock in Britain? A. Big Clock B. Big John C. Big Apple D. Big Ben 7. Kangaroos and ___ are the iconic animals of Australia. A. beaver B. koala C. eagle D. cheetah 8. The United Kingdom___ of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. A. Consists B. is consisted C. has consisted D. consisted 9. English___ around the world by children in school as a foreign language. A. has learned B. is learning C. is learned D. learned 10. You’d better go to bed early tonight. The plane___ at 6 o’clock tomorrow morning so we’ll have to be up by 4.30! A. will leave B. leaves C. leave D. is leaving 3
4. 11___ that there are no wild snakes in Ireland? A. Do you know B. Are you knowing C. Have you known D. Did you know 12. The Statue of Liberty, an American Symbol of freedom, ___ in France. A. actually made B. was actually made C. has actually made D. makes actually 13. The Louvre Museum . from 9 a.m. to 6 p.m. every day except Tuesday and Wednesday. A. opens B. open C. will open D. will be open 14. This annual festival . at the end of the March. A. will hold B. will be held C. holds D. is held 15. The Statue of Liberty in Upper New York Bay of America . the freedom. A. presents B. shows C. symbolizes D. reveals READING I. Read the text and do the tasks below. The Maori of New Zealand The Maori arrived in New Zealand from other Polynesian islands over a thousand years ago. They were the first people to live there. They made beautiful wooden buildings with pictures cut into the wood. There are about 280,000 Maori today. Maori have brown skin, dark brown eyes, and wavy black hair. In 1840, they agreed to become a British colony, and they learned European ways quickly. Today there are Maori in all kinds of jobs. They attend schools and universities and become lawyers and scientists. There are Maori in the government. Most of them live like the white New Zealanders. However, the Maori do not forget their traditions. Children learn the language, music, and old stories. They have yearly competitions in speaking, dancing, and singing. The Maori live a comfortable, modern life, but they keep their traditions by passing them to their children. Task 1: Read the passage, and then decide whether the statements are true (T) or false (F). . T F 1. The Maori are Polynesians.   2. New Zealand is an island country.   3. The Maori look like the Chinese.   4. The Maori live only by hunting and fishing.   5. The Maori like music.   Task 2: Read the passage again, and write short answers to the questions. 6. Where did the Maori come from? 7. How many Maori are there? II.Choose the word or phrase among A, B, C or D that best fits the blank space in the following passage. London’s Tower Bridge London‟s Tower Bridge is one of the most famous (1) in the world. The bridge, designed (2) (by) the architect Horace Jones together with John Wolfe Barry, was finally completed in 1894. It (3) 11,000 tons of steel to build the framework of the 265-meter-long bridge. Over time, the bridge has become one of London‟s most famous (4) . 1.A. bridges B. bridge C. tower D. towers 2. A. or B. and C. as D. but 3. A. took B. built C. brought D. gave 4. A. landscapes B. views C. symbols D. scenes UNIT 9 NATURAL DISASTER GRAMMAR A.PRONUNCIATION -Trọng âm của những từ tận cùng bằng –logy và –graphy thường được đặt ở những âm tiết thứ ba kể từ âm tiết cuối. Hậu tố -logy: bi’ology, psy’chology Hậu tố -graphy: pho’tography, ge’ography 4
5. B. VOCABULARY Write disater in English ( Viết các thảm họa thiên tại vào ô tương ứng) 1.động đất 2. núi lửa 3. sóng 4. lũ lụt 5. hạn hán 6.bão nhiệt 7. Bùn lầy 8. lốc xoáy phun trào thần đới PASSIVE FORM: 1.Form: công thức S V O S be V3/ed by +O TENSE ACTIVE- CHỦ ĐỘNG PASSIVE- BỊ ĐỘNG Present Simple S + V(s,es) + O S + is/am/are + V3/ED + (by O) (hiện tại đơn) Ex: People speak English all over Ex: English is spoken all over the world. the world. Past Simple (quá S + V2/ED + O S + was/were + V3/ED + (by O) khứ đơn) Ex: She wrote a letter yesterday Ex:A letter was written (by her) yesterday Present S + is/am/are + V-ing + O S + is/am/are + being + V3/ED + (by O) Continuous (HT Ex: The cat is tearing the new Ex: The new book is being torn by the cat. tiếp diễn) books. Past S + was/were + V-ing + O S + was/were + being + V3 + (by O) Continuous(quá Ex:What was they writing on the Ex: what was being written (by them) on the khứ tiếp diễn) desk? desk? Present Perfect S + have/has + V3 + O S + have/has + been + V3 + (by O) (hiện tại hoàn Ex:My parents have given me a Ex: I have been given a new bike by my parents thành) new bike on my birthday. on my birthday. Near Future S + is/am/are + going to + V + O S + is/am/are+going to+be + V3 +(by O) Tense (tương lai Ex:They are going to organise a Ex: A garden party is going to be organised to gần) garden party to raise money for the raise money for the victims of the flood. victims of the flood. Simple Future S + will/shall + V + O S + will/shall + be + V3 + (by O) (tương lai đơn) Ex:She will do a lot of things Ex: A lot of things will be done tomorrow tomorrow Modal Verbs S + MV + V + O S + MV + be + V3 + (by O) Ex: Our English teacher may give Ex: An exam may be given by our English an exam today. teacher today. I. Circle the word with a different stress pattern from the others. 1. A. technology B. disaster C. available D. temporary 2. A. accommodation B. evacuation C. oceanography D. environmentalist 3. A. tsunami B. evacuee C. ecology D. volcanic 4. A. volunteer B. scientific C. sociology D. property 5. A. electronic B. biology C. photography D. astrology II. Choose the correct answers. 1. A drought happens when there___ no rain in a place for a long time. 5
6. A. is B. was C. has been D. had been 2. A flood___ when a large amount of water covers the land. A. occurs B. is occurred C. is occurring D. has occurred 3. The size of earthquakes___ on the Richter scale. A. measures B. measured C. is measuring D. is measured 4. Hurricane Dorian___ the Abaco Islands as a category 5 hurricane on September 1. A. strike B. struck C. had struck D. was struck 5. At least 200 people___ after rivers burst their banks in Colombia mudslides. A. killed B. had killed C. were killed D. are being killed 6. Since Monday, more than a dozen tornadoes___ down across Oklahoma. A. touches B. touched C. have touched D. were touched 7. Hurricanes and heavy rains___ with the help of technology. A. predicted B. are predicting C. will predict D. can be predicted 8. A tornado watch is issued when there is a possibility that a tornado . will touch B. is touched C. touched D. had touched 9. Before that day in Hawaii, we___ a volcanic eruption. A. never saw B. has never seen C. had never seen D. were never seen 10. A period of 3- 4 months without rain will cause a severe___. A. typhoon B. earthquake C. drought D. flood III. Choose the best response for each sentence. 1. “I saw a roof flying in the storm yesterday afternoon.” -___” A. Exactly. B. That’s horrible! C. That’s a relief. D. So do I. 2. “The weather forecast says it’s going to rain tomorrow.” - “___What a pity.” A. Looks great! B. Not at all. C. Sounds good! D. Oh no! 3. “The whole village was submerged in the flood.” - “___” A. That’s surprising! B. My fault. C. Already. D. That’s awful! 4. “Have you heard the news? A powerful earthquake and following tsunami hit the island of Sulawesi, Indonesia.” - “___” A. How beautiful! B. Awesome! C. How terrible! D. No problem. 5. “Rescue workers saved a girl trapped in a collapsed school building.” - ___” A. That’s great! B. Good luck. C. How convenient! D. Oh dear! IV. Change these sentences into passive voice:( Chuyển sang câu bị động) 1. People speak English all over the world. English ___ 2. They don’t use this house very often. This house ___ 3. Nam will clean the floor tonight. The floor ___ 4. Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone. The telephone ___ 5. Rescue teams have saved hundreds of people from floods in Metro Manila. => Hundred of people___ UNIT 10: COMMUNICATION A. VOCABULARY I. Forms of communication. Forms of communication VERBAL NON-VERBAL MULTIMEDIA II. Put these words or phrase into the correct forms of communication Leaving a Sending Using Using Using Using Painting a F2f note flower signs music body code picture meeting language Emailing Snail mail Having a Using Video Using Mobile Using ideo social chatting telepathy phone facebook conference media 6
7. VERBAL NON-VERBAL MULTIMEDIA \ B. GRAMMAR 1. Future continuous The future continuous tense: (tương lai tiếp diễn) Ex:He will be working on the report at this time tomorrow. Form: (+) S + will + be + V-ing (-) S + will + not + be + V-ing (?) Will + S + be + V-ing ? Use:-Dùng để diễn tả một hành động hay sự việc đang diễn ra tại một thời điểm xác định trong tương lai. *Note: Trong câu có các trạng từ chỉ thời gian trong tương lai kèm theo thời điểm xác định: -at this time/ at this moment + thời gian trong tương lai: Vào thời điểm này . - At + giờ cụ thể + thời gian trong tương lai: vào lúc 2. Stress in words ending in -ity and -itive-Chúng ta đặt dấu nhấn trước đuôi -ity và -itive. 3. Verbs+ to-infinitive (Sau động từ là to-V) Gerunds(V+V-ing)- Sau động từ là V-ing To- infinitive (V+to V)- Sau động từ là To-V Enjoy, fancy, adore, don’t mind, finish, give up(từ - choose, plan, decide bỏ), go on(tiếp tục), avoid( tránh) - love, hate, prefer - try, want, need - promise, prefer, agree, intend C. EXERCISES- I. Choose the word that has the different stress from the others. 1. A. Ability B. sensitive C. technology D. infinitive 2. A. Identical B. abortion C. prohibitive D. possibility II. Complete the sentences with the future continuous ( Hoàn thành câu sử dụng thì tương lai tiếp diễn) 1. he still (sleep) this time tomorrow? - No he (study) . in the library. 2. She ‘s now in Ho Chi minh city but she (have) a holiday in Da Nang at the end of this month. 3. They (eat) dinner at 8 p.m 4. . She (stay) . In her classroom during the break today? - Yes, she (write) .an email to her friend. 5. Mona says the children (play) . in the garden when you arrive. 6. This time next year Binh and Thuy (learn) a new language. 7. They are staying at the hotel in London. At this time tomorrow, they (travel) in Vietnam. 8. When they (come) tomorrow, we (swim) in the sea. 9. My parents (visit) Europe at this time next week 10. Daisy (sit) on the plane at 9 am tomorrow. III. Underline the correct form. 1. Ella promises to share / sharing her blogs. 2. Johansen finished to speak / speaking and sat down. 3. CVTV agreed to integrate / integrating sign language into their daily news broadcast. 4. Do you want to learn / learning shorthand in 15 minutes? 5. George gave up to check / checking Facebook in school time. 6. After the break he went on to paint /painting the picture. 7
8. 7. I don’t mind to study / studying, but it’s hard to get /getting started. 8. We plan to host / hosting a video conference but we do not have enough room. 9. I intended to leave / leaving a note on your desk. 10. When you go to a strange community, avoid to use / using too much eye contact. IV. Choose the best answer for each of the following sentences (Chọn đáp án đúng nhất) 1. In a message board you can ___messages or post questions. A. raise B. arrive C. text D. leave 2. You shrug your shoulders means “ ”. A. I’m happy C. I’m angry B. I don’t know D. Sorry. I need to go now. 3. Using music, codes or signs to communicate is called ___communication. A. verbal B. non-verbal C. public D. non-public 4. I experienced one communication___ in Japan when I didn’t understand their body languages. A. breakdown B. technique C. ability D. device 5. You should try looking for his telephone number on the company ___as it may be there. A. logo B. email C. website D, forum 6. John managed ___his family in England by using Zalo A. contact B. to contact C. contacting D. to contacting 7. They advised ___ video chatting in the next meeting A. use B. to use C, using D. will use 8. We ___to have an Internet connection installed in our house next week A. completed B. suggested C. admitted D. arranged 9. They ___ about video conferences at this time next Monday. A. will talk B. will be talking C. are talking D. are going to talk 10. We___ with each other by mobile phone in 2050. A. won’t be communicating C. haven’t communicated B. aren’t communicating D. aren’t going to communicate V. Read the passage carefully, then do the tasks. SIGN LANGUAGE. Because deaf people cannot hear, they have special ways of communicating. For example, they can learn to understand what someone is saying by looking at the mouth of the speaker. This is called lipreading. Also, speaking is very difficult for the deaf, because they cannot hear their own voices. However, it is possible with special training. According to many deaf people all around the world, the most practical and popular way of communicating is with sign language. In many ways, sign language is similar to spoken language. The words of sign language are made with signs, which are formed with movements of the hands, face, and body. As with words, each sign has a different meaning and can be combined to form sentences. Sign languages also have their own grammar. The alphabet of sign language is special hand signs that stand for letters; they make spelling possible. The signs combine to form a rich language that can express the same thoughts, feelings, and ideas as any spoken language. And just as people from different countries speak different languages, most countries have their own variety of sign language. A. Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F). 1. Deaf people have two main ways of communicating with others. 2. Deaf people often find lipreading difficult because they can’t speak. 3. Sign language is the most widely-used method of communication. 4. Deaf people use hand signs to spell letters of the alphabet. 5. Sign language has letters, but no words. 6. Thoughts, feelings, and ideas can be expressed through the combination of signs. 7. People in different countries use the same sign language. VI. Read the following passage and choose the best answer for each question Telephones help people speak to one another when they are apart. For more than a hundred years, nearly every telephone was a landline. A landline telephone is one that needs to be connected by a wire to a network of other telephones. Because of the wires, people could not take those telephones with them when they left their homes or offices. 8
9. What if you had to make a call while you were away from home? You had to find a pay phone. Pay phones are landlines found in public places. Many pay phones are on the street. You can make a call from inside a glass or metal space called a phone booth. Once you are inside the booth, you put coins into a slot in the phone to make a call. Telephones have seen a lot of progress. Today, many people carry cell phones. Cell phones do not need to be connected with wires. They can be used almost anywhere and can fit in an adult’s hand. Many cell phones sold today are smart phones. A smart phone is a cell phone that has lots of computer-style features. For example, people use smart phones to check e-mail and go on the Internet. And all that can be done using something small enough to carry in a pocket! 1. What is a landline telephone? A. a telephone that can be carried around in your pocket and used anywhere B. a telephone that can be used in a public place C. a telephone that needs to be connected by a wire to a network of other telephones D. a telephone that can be used to check e-mail and go on the Internet 2. The article describes an example of a landline. What is an example of a landline? A. a pay phone B. a smart phone C. a cell phone D. a mobile phone 3. Pay phones are probably not used as much today as they were in the past. What piece of evidence supports this conclusion? A. Many people today carry cell phones, which can be used almost anywhere B. Payphones are landlines that can be found in public places. C. People could not take landlines with them when they left their homes. D. People put coins into a slot in the pay phone to make a call. 4. What might be a reason that cell phones were invented? A. People wanted to be able to make calls from their homes or offices. B. People wanted to be able to make calls away from home without finding a pay phone C. People wanted to be able to speak to one another when they were apart. D. People wanted to be able to speak and see each other from far distance. 5. What is the main idea of this article? A. Telephones are used to keep people apart as much as possible B. Cell phones are much less useful than landlines and pay phones. C. Landlines and pay phones still play an important part in world nowadays. D. Telephones have been used for many years, and they have changed a lot over time. UNIT 11: SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY A. Vocabulary Reported speech (lời nói gián tiếp) - Là lời tường thuật lại ý của người nói, không dung dấu nháy hoặc dấu ngoặc kép. Ex: “I go to school by bike” She said. She said (that) she went to school by bike. Ex: She said (that) she went to school by bike. “I go to school by bike” She said. a/Reported statements Form: S+ said/ told sb + (that) +S +V (lùi thì) *Chú ý: Động từ thông báo ở thì hiện tại, hiện tại hoàn thành và tương lai đơn thì ở câu gián tiếp không đổi( không phải lùi thì) Ex: “I will go there soon” She says. She says (that) she will go there soon. 1. Biến đổi thì của động từ và động từ khuyết thiếu theo bảng sau: Câu trực tiếp Câu gián tiếp 1.Present simple (Hiện tại đơn) Past simple (Quá khứ đơn) Tom said, ‘I never eat meat’. Tom said he never ate meat. 2.Present continuous (Hiện tại tiếp diễn) Past continuous (Quá khứ tiếp điễn) He said, ‘I’m waiting for Ann.’ He said he was waiting for Ann. 9
10. 3.Present perfect (Hiện tại hoàn thành) Past perfect (Quá khứ hoàn thành) She said, ‘I’ve seen that film.’ She said she had seen that film. 4.Past simple (Quá khứ đơn) Past perfect (Quá khứ hoàn thành) They said, ‘We came by car.’ They said they had come by car. 5.Past continuous (Quá khứ tiếp diễn) Past perfect continuous He said, ‘I was sitting in the park at 8 o’clock.’ He said he had been sitting in the park at 8 o’clock. 6. Modal verbs: Will Would Judy said, ‘I’ll phone you.’ Judy said she would phone me. Can: She said, ‘You can sit there’. Could: She said we could sit there. must/ have to had to: He said he must/ had to finish this He said, ‘I must finish this report.’ report. May: Claire said, ‘I may go to Bali again.’ Might: Claire said she might go to Bali again. 2. Biến đổi trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian và nơi chốn theo bảng sau: Câu trực tiếp Câu gián tiếp here there now then/ at that moment today/ tonight that day/ that night tomorrow the next day/the following day next week the following week/ the nex week yesterday the previous day/the day before last week the week before ago before 3.Biến đổi đại từ và các từ hạn định theo bảng sau: Câu trực tiếp Câu gián tiếp Chủ ngữ I he/ she You I/ We/ They We We/ They Tân ngữ me him/ her you me/ us/ them us us/ them 10
11. Tính từ sở hữu my his/ her your my/ our/ their our our/ their 3.Biến đổi đại từ và các từ hạn định theo bảng sau: Đại từ sở hữu mine his/ hers yours mine/ ours/ theirs ours ours/ theirs Đại từ chỉ định this the/ that these the/ those I. Choose the word that has underlined part pronounced differently from the rest. 1. A. invent B. chemist C. patent D. technology 2. A. science B. scared C. Scottish D. screen 3. A. explore B. exchange C. experiment D. existence 4. A. nuclear B. future C. bulb D. mute II. Choose the word whose main stress pattern is placed differently. 1. A. automation B. development C. experiment D. technology 2. A. impolite B. scientific C. technology D. economic 3. A. spaceship B. benefit C. technical D. reality 4. A. technique B. incurable C. programmer D. explorer 5. A. unemployment B. laboratory C. engineer D. conservationist III. Choose the correct answer. 1. I___ my friends for dinner after work tomorrow. A. meet B. will meet C. am meeting D. will be meeting 2. Hurry up! The conference___ in twenty minutes. A. begins B. will be begun C. will begin D. will be beginning 3. In 30 years’ time we___ in flying cars. A. are travelling B. will be travelling C. are going to travel D. will be travelled 4. ___ longer in the future thanks to medical tech? A. Will people live B. Do people live C. Will people be living D. Are people living 5. Let’s meet at ten o’clock tomorrow. - Sorry, I___ at ten o’clock. A. am working B. am going to work C. will work D. will be working IV. Choose the best answer A, B, C or D to complete the sentences. 1. Facebook was built on the ___ of earlier social network sites like MySpace and Bebo. A. succeed B. successful C. successfully D. success 2. It is thought that driverless cars will transform the way we move ___ cities in the future. A. around B. away C. along D. ahead 3. Little Pascal ___ a mechanical calculator which could do additions or subtractions very quickly A. discovered B. found C. found out D. invented 4. Robots save workers from ___ dangerous tasks. A. making B. having C. performing D. carrying 5. Many people believe that robots have made workers jobless, ___ that is not necessarily true A. but B. and C. so D. or 11
12. 6. Recent___ developments have made robots more user-friendly, and intelligent. A. science B. scientist C. scientific D. scientifically 7. Teenagers spend most of their time playing computer game; ___, they lose their interests in daily activities. A. moreover B so C. however D. as a result 8. Science and technology have ___ the life safe, secure and comfortable. A. transformed B. made C. done D. changed 9. Terrorists are using modern technology ___ their destructive work. A. about B. at C. for D. with 10. With the advance of the science and technology, our life changes greatly in various ___. A. scenes B. fields C. sights D. regions V. Read the passage carefully, then do the tasks. SMARTPHONE REVOLUTION It was just over a decade ago when cell phones were primarily used for calling and sending texts. Today, the uses of cell phones run the gamut. Phones do everything from taking high-resolution pictures to watching pixel-perfect videos, browsing the Internet to playing graphic-intensive games to monitoring your movements in addition to fulfilling basic communication needs. The advent of smartphones has greatly simplified our lives. People now connect with their loved ones more frequently and easily through video calls and instant messaging Services. Tasks, like creating slides, reading emails, and creating documents don’t require a PC anymore. Brieflỵ, smartphone and apps have changed the way we work, communicate and play. While the smartphone revolution has made our lives easy, it has also made us lazy. Today, the whole world is at our fingertips, and thus we don’t have to work or move around like we did previously to get things done. Our inactive lifestyle and lack of physical activities can be partly attributed to the over-dependence on smartphones. This is especially true for the younger generation, who are constantly glued to their cell phones. Cell phone addiction is having a negative impact on our lives. Care needs to be taken to deal with this issue in an effective way. A. Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F). 1. In the past, mobile phones were used only for communication among people. 2. Modern cell phones are capable of much more than just making phone calls. 3. Smartphones make Communications with people quite easier. 4. Smartphone users, however, can’t send and recieve emails on their phones. 5. Despite all the positive benefits of smartphones, there are also negative side effects. 6. Today we don’t have to go to work because we have the whole world at our fingertips. 7. Only young people are now addicted to their mobile phones. B. Answer the questions. 1. What were cell phones mainly used for? ___ 2. Are modern cell phones capable of internet access? ___ 3. How has the smartphone revolution changed our lives? ___ 4. Do smartphones make us lazy and inactive? ___ 5. How often do teenagers look at their cell phones? ___ VI. Change the following sentences into reported speech 1. Nick:” I come from a small town in England. => Nick said that___ 2. My friend: ‘Brazil will win the world cup.’ => My friend said that___ 3. Olive:’ Chau, I’m living VietNam tomorrow’ 12
13. =>Olive told that___ 4. David: ‘ Catherine, I’m unable to read your writing’ => David told Catherine that___ 5. Minh: ‘ I overslept this morning’ => Minh said that___ 6. ‘I didn’t say anything at the meeting last week’ He said. => He said that___ 7. ‘ This letter has been opened.’ She told me. => She told me that___ 8. ‘ In 50 year’s time we will probably be living on Mars.’ Tom said => Tom said that___ 9. ‘ I hope we will build a city out at sea’ Mi said => Mi said that___ 10. ‘ My wish is to become a very young inventor.’ Son told us. => Son told us___ UNIT 12: LIFE ON OTHER PLANETS. A. VOCABULARY: WRITE THE NAME OF THE PLANETS IN THE SOLAR ENERGY Các e viết tên các hành tinh Trái đất Sao Hỏa Sao Mộc Sao Kim Sao Thủy Sao Thổ Sao Hải Vương Sao Thiên Vương B. PRONUNCIATION Stress in words ending in -ful and -less. (Trọng âm của các từ có đuôi -ful và -less.) Khi ta thêm đuôi -ful hoặc -less vào danh từ hay động từ để thành lập tính từ, trọng âm của từ không thay đổi so với từ gốc. Từ có kết thúc bằng đuôi -ful EX. beauty /ˈbjuːti/=> beautiful /ˈbjuːtifəl/; help /help/=> helpless /helpləs/ C. GRAMMAR 1. May and might 1.1. Khả năng xảy ra Mức độ của khả năng: cả hai từ đều nói về khả năng của một sự việc, nhưng may có tính chắc chắn hơn might một chút. Ví dụ: l may go to Saigon tomorrow. She is a very busy, but I hope she might join us tomorrow 1.2. Dùng may và might để xin phép Cả may và might đều có thể dùng để xin phép, nhưng might thì nhún nhường và lịch sự hơn may: Ví dụ: May I open the door? I wonder if I might have a little more wine? 2. Reported speech (questions) Trong bài này, chúng tôi chỉ trình bày phần câu gián tiếp áp dụng đối với câu hỏi. Đối với các kiến thức khác về câu tường thuật, các em tham khảo Unit 11 để hiểu rõ hơn. 2.1. Câu hỏi: Ta thường sử dụng động từ tường thuật thường là asked/wondered/ wanted to know (hỏi/tự hỏi/muốn biết). a. Yes/ No question: S + asked + (O) + if/ whether + S + V Ví dụ 1: 13
14. She asked me, “Do you like her?” She asked me if l liked her. Ví dụ 2: He said, “Can you speak English, Phong?” He asked Phong whether he could speak English. b. Wh-question: S + asked + (0) + Wh-question + S + V Ví dụ 1: He said, “What is her name?” He asked what her name was. Ví dụ 2: She said to him, “Where do you live?” She asked him where he lived. Chú ý: Trật tự của chủ ngữ và động từ trong câu gián tiếp là dạng khẳng định. Không phải dạng nghi vấn. Các thay đổi về ngôi, thì, trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian và nơi chốn vẫn tương tư như trong các dạng câu gián tiếp đã học trong Unit 11. D. EXERCISE I. Choose the word which has different stress position from the others. A. successful B. skillful C. lawful D. plentiful A. purposeful B. beautiful C. hopeful D. regretful II. Complete the sentence with: can/ may/ might 1. I speak French well. 2. I help you? 3. The Queen visit tomorrow. 4. I close the door? 5. I go on holiday to Spain. 6. I drive. 7. I eat the last apple? 8. I run faster than my brother. 9. I eat steak tonight. 10. I live to be more than a hundred years old. III. Choose the correct answers. 1. Jack asked me A. where do you come from? B. where I came from C. where I came from D. where did I come from? 2. She asked me I liked pop music. A. when B. what C. if D. x 3. I wanted to know return home. A. when would she B. when will she C. when she will D. when she would 4. I wonder the tickets are on sale yet. A. what B. when C. where D. whether 5. The man asked the boys A. why did they fight B. why they were fighting C. why they fight D. why were they fighting 6. The woman wonders doing well at school A. whether her children are B. if her children were C. whether her children was D. her children are if 7. She wanted to know A. what was happening B. was happening 14
15. C. it was happening D. was happening what 8. My father asked me of the film. A. what do you think C. what I think C. what did you think D. what I thought 9. “Do you know ?” - asked the man. A. where is the ticket office B. where the ticket office is C. the ticket office is D. where was the ticket office 10. The teacher asked Mary the previous match. A. who wins B. who is winning C. who won D. that won IV. Choose the best answers to complete the sentences. 1. ___ is the name of a planet that matches the Roman God of the sea. A. Mars B. Sun C. Venus D. Neptune 2. Discovered in the Kuiper belt beyond Neptune, ___ is a dwarf planet. A. Jupiter B. Pluto C. Saturn D. Mercury 3. Unidentified Flying Objects or “___” haven’t been formally recognized. A. UFOs B. spaceships C. space shuttles D. spacecraft 4. Some people believe the___ was created by a big explosion. A. galaxy B. atmosphere C. universe D. outer space 5. ___ is named after the Roman God of war. A. Uranus B. Jupiter C. Mars D. Venus galaxy planet flying saucer solar system astronaut outer space space buggy weightless aliens traces 6. A (n) ___is a scientist who studies the stars and planets. A. Captain B. alien C. astronaut D. astronomer 7. Astronauts___ around in space because there is no gravity in space. A. fly B. float C. walk D. trace 8. In a weightless environment, everything floats___. A. uncontrollably B. downwards C. smoothly D. constantly 9. On June 2, 1966, Surveyor 1 becomes the first U.S.___ to land on the moon. A. flying saucer B. airplane C. spacecraft D. helicopter 10. Mars is the most___ planet in our Solar System besides Earth. A. powerful B. notable C. appropriate D. habitable V. Write reported sentences with Yes/ No questions. 1. ‘Do you like sci-fi films that feature extraterrestrial life?’ Jane asked Tom___ 2. ‘Did scientists find life on Mars many years ago?’ Van asked me___ 3. ‘Do you know NASA has found two new planets?’ Duc asked Trang___ 4. ‘Have you done your project about space exploration?’ The teacher asked me___ 5. ‘Are aliens or UFOs real?’ Many people wondered___ VI. Write reported sentences with WH questions. 1. Tom said to the girl: “How many aliens did you see?” Tom asked the girl 2. John said to Mary, “Why don’t you wear your hair a little longer.” John asked Mary 3. “Why didn’t you take a photo of the aliens?” The interviewer said to Nick. The interviewer asked Nick 4. My sister said to me, “How long did the UFO stay there?” My sister asked me 5. ‘How many planets are there in the solar System?’ The teacher asked us 15
16. VII. Choose the correct answers. 1. ‘There was an accident outside the supermarket.’ A. He said there had been an accident outside the supermarket. B. He said there was an accident outside the supermarket. C. He said there has been an accident outside the supermarket. 2. ‘Have you ever seen a UFO?’ A. Jim wanted to know if had I ever seen a UFO. B. Jim asked if I had ever seen a UFO. C. Jim asked whether I ever saw a UFO. 3. She asked if you’d seen her painting on display in the exhibit. A. ‘Will you see my painting on display in the exhibit?’ B. ‘Did you see my painting on display in the exhibit?’ C. ‘Have you seen her painting on display in the exhibit?’ 4. I’m flying to India tomorrow.’ A. Yesterday, Matt said that he was flying to India tomorrow. B. Yesterday, Matt told me that I was flying to India the next day. C. Yesterday, Matt said that he was flying to India the following day. 5. ‘Why did you go out last night?’ A. She asked me why I had gone out the night before. B. She asked me why did I go out the previous night. C. She wanted to know why I went out that night. 6. My instructor said that we were the best class he’d ever taught. A. ‘You are the best class I’ve ever taught,’ my instructor said. B. ‘You were the best class I ever taught/ my instructor said to me. C. ‘They are the best class he’s ever taught,’ said my instructor. 7. ‘Can you help me with my homework?’ A. Nick asked whether his sister can help him with his homework. B. Nick asked his sister could she help him with his homework. C. Nick asked his sister if she could help him with his homework. 8. Bill wanted to know when Susan was going out with Tony. A. ‘When you are going out with Tony, Susan?’ B. ‘When was you going out with Tony, Susan?’ C. ‘When are you going out with Tony, Susan?’ 9. ‘I will come if I can finish work early.’ A. He said that he will come if he can finish work early. B. He told that he would come if he could finish work early. C. He told me that he would come if he could finish work early. 10. ‘What is the closest planet to Earth?’ A. The student wondered if the closest planet to Earth is. B. The student asked what the closest planet to Earth was. C. The student asked what was the closest planet to Earth. VIII. Match the questions to the answers. 1. Why do scientists want to find another habitable a. In 1947. planet? b. 140 million miles. 2. Have we found any signs of life on other planets? c. Not really. 3. What are needed for life to exist on other planet? d. It’s Mars. 4. Which planet is the most habitable besides Earth? e. Because it seems that our 5. When did the first UFO sighting occur? planet can’t cope with 6. Do you believe that extraterrestrial life exists? overpopulation. 7. Who was the first person to walk on the moon? f. Liquid water, right 8. How far is it from Earth to Mars? temperatures and atmosphere. g. Neil Alden Armstrong h. I’ll believe it when I see it. 16
17. IX. Read the passage carefully, then do the tasks. How many planets are there in our galaxy? That’s a tricky question to answer. Are there other planets that support life? That’s exactly what the Kepler mission hopes to discover. NASA launched the Kepler space telescope, designed to find habitable planets, in 2009. So far it has discovered five new Earth-sized planets beyond our solar System. These planets are hotter than the Earth - much too hot for life as we know it. The Kepler team predict that they will need at least three years to find an Earth-like planet. The simplest requirement for a planet to have life is for there to be liquid water so the distance from the planet’s sun and therefore temperature are important. There also needs to be the correct amount of air. If a planet is as small as Mars (half the size of Earth) its weak gravity means that it can’t hold on to air molecules. If a planet is Neptune sized (four times bigger than Earth) it has very strong gravity and too much air. So size matters too. The cost of the mission is approximately six hundred million dollars. It is scheduled to observe until 2013 but this could be extended. Will we be sad if we discover we are alone in our galaxy or happy if we find that we share it with other life forms? Choose the correct answers. 1. What is the passage about? A. Planets in our solar System B. The difference between Earth and other planets C. Space exploration to find habitable planets D. NASA’s missions to explore the outer planets 2. The Kepler space telescope is looking for___. A. new planets in our galaxy B. life on other planets C. liquid water on other planets D. Earth-sized planets in the solar System 3. Kepler has found five planets that___. A. has water and air B. are similar to Earth C. are not too far away from the Earth D. are not in our solar System 4. The Kepler team predict that they will need___ to find an Earth-like planet. A. three years and possibly longer B. as much as three years C. no more than three years D. approximately three years 5. What are the primary factors that make a planet habitable? A. Liquid water and living things B. Size and distance from the Sun C. Hot temperature and weak gravity D. Strong gravity and too much air 6. How much does the Kepler mission cost? A. Exactly $600 million B. About $600 million C. More than $600 million D. Less than $600 million 7. Which of the following statements is NOT true? A. The planet can support life if it has water and air. B. A very small planet will not have enough air. C. Earth is four times as big as Neptune. D. Kepler mission is scheduled to end in 2013. SPEAKING TOPIC Topic 1: Talk about one pollution.( HS có thể sử dụng trong phần viết) Water pollution a problem that my hometown is facing. Water pollution is the contamination of body water such as lakes, rivers, oceans and ground water. There are many causes that lead to water pollution. Firstly, factories dump waste into lakes and river. Secondly, people use pesticides to kill insects and herbicides to kill weeds. Water pollution can have bad effects. Firstly, It can cause outbreaks of cholera and other diseases. Moreover, polluted water also causes the death of aquatic animals such as fish, crabs, or birds. For these reasons, people need to give many solutions to reduce water pollution. Topic 2: Talk about one disaster.( HS có thể sử dụng trong phần viết) Tropical storms often occur and cause most harm. It usually occurs in the rainy season and occurs most often in central Vietnam and coastal areas. It causes a lot of damage to people and property. First, killing people, livestock and poultry by the flood. Second, crop loss due to flooding. Humans become homeless and lose all their possessions. and many other damages caused by the storm. To prevent and fight against tropical storms, 17
18. before it takes place, we must make preventive dikes, prepare adequate tools and food and other necessities. When storms occur, people must find safe shelters not to go out. Topic 3: Advantages and disadvantages of using mobile phones.( Lợi ích và bất lợi của việc sử dụng điện thoại) Advantage of using mobile phones: There are many benefits of using mobile phone. Firstly, mobile phone is the most convenient means of communication. It is small and portable, you can bring it anywhere. Secondly, mobile phone is a device for entertainment You can read e-books, watch TV programs, listen to music or play games as long as it is connected to the internet. Disadvantage of using mobile phones: Firstly, many young people waste of time using their mobile phone on game, using social media.It may affect their study result. Secondly, using the mobile phone too long may harm their eyes and their brain. PARAGRAPH- WRITING. Ôn phần viết 1. Writing an email.(Viết email) Have you ever sent an email? Look at the email below and put these parts (a, b, c, d, e, f) into the correct places. a. Please find my homework in attached file in this email. b. My name is Ngoc Lan. I’m your student from class 8E. c. Thank you very much. d. Homework – Tuesday the 10 of December 2017. e. Best regards, f. Dear teacher. Thư mới _ To teacherlouis@gmail.com CC Subject (1) Attachment Ngoc Lan – Homework the 10 of December 2017. (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) 2. Writing to express agreement or disagreement: Viết đoạn văn trình bày sự đồng tình hay phản đối về 1 quan điểm. 1. Introduction( Mở bài: I agree/ disagree with the idea that . 2. Explaining your opinion.( thân bài- giải thích quan điểm đồng tình hay phản đối sử dụng các liên từ) Firstly/Secondly, . In addition, 3. Conclusion: (Kết bài) In short, Exercises. 1. Write a paragraph about (60-80 words) on the following topic: Do you agree or disagree with the following idea.’ Students can use their mobile phone in the classroom to study better’ - HS tự làm 2. Write a paragraph about (60-80 words) on the following topic: Do you agree or disagree with the following idea.’ with the help of technology , students will benefit greatly from studying by the self at home. I agree with idea advanced technology will help students greatly in studying by themselves at home. Firstly, studying at home will help us save so much money. We don’t have to buy so many books and school supplies. It will help us save time and energy too because we don’t have to spend much time on travelling to school. Secondly, you can see there is a lot of traffic on the way especially in rush hours. There are always accidents on the road. Studying at home will help us avoid dangers on the way to school and make traffic less heavy. In addition, we can search for information easily and quickly with a tablet. It’s very convenient. It helps us to save time and we can finish our projects more quickly. In conclusion, I think advanced technology really helps us in studying and it brings us more joy in learning new knowledge. 18